#' ED (landscape level)
#'
#' @description Edge Density (Area and Edge metric)
#'
#' @param landscape A categorical raster object: SpatRaster; Raster* Layer, Stack, Brick; stars or a list of SpatRasters.
#' @param count_boundary Count landscape boundary as edge
#' @param directions The number of directions in which patches should be connected: 4 (rook's case) or 8 (queen's case).
#'
#' @details
#' \deqn{ED = \frac{E} {A} * 10000}
#' where \eqn{E} is the total landscape edge in meters and \eqn{A} is the total
#' landscape area in square meters.
#'
#' ED is an 'Area and Edge metric'. The edge density equals all edges in the landscape
#' in relation to the landscape area. The boundary of the landscape is only included in the
#' corresponding total class edge length if \code{count_boundary = TRUE}.
#' The metric describes the configuration of the landscape, e.g. because an overall aggregation
#' of classes will result in a low edge density. The metric is standardized to the
#' total landscape area, and therefore comparisons among landscapes with different total
#' areas are possible.
#'
#' Because the metric is based on distances or areas please make sure your data
#' is valid using \code{\link{check_landscape}}.
#'
#' \subsection{Units}{Meters per hectare}
#' \subsection{Range}{ED >= 0}
#' \subsection{Behaviour}{Equals ED = 0 if only one patch is present (and the landscape
#' boundary is not included) and increases, without limit, as the landscapes becomes more
#' patchy}
#'
#' @seealso
#' \code{\link{lsm_l_te}},
#' \code{\link{lsm_l_ta}}, \cr
#' \code{\link{lsm_c_ed}}
#'
#' @return tibble
#'
#' @examples
#' landscape <- terra::rast(landscapemetrics::landscape)
#' lsm_l_ed(landscape)
#'
#' @references
#' McGarigal K., SA Cushman, and E Ene. 2023. FRAGSTATS v4: Spatial Pattern Analysis
#' Program for Categorical Maps. Computer software program produced by the authors;
#' available at the following web site: https://www.fragstats.org
#'
#' @export
lsm_l_ed <- function(landscape,
count_boundary = FALSE, directions = 8) {
landscape <- landscape_as_list(landscape)
result <- lapply(X = landscape,
FUN = lsm_l_ed_calc,
count_boundary = count_boundary,
directions = directions)
layer <- rep(seq_along(result),
vapply(result, nrow, FUN.VALUE = integer(1)))
result <- do.call(rbind, result)
tibble::add_column(result, layer, .before = TRUE)
}
lsm_l_ed_calc <- function(landscape, count_boundary, directions, resolution, extras = NULL) {
if (missing(resolution)) resolution <- terra::res(landscape)
if (is.null(extras)){
metrics <- "lsm_l_ed"
landscape <- terra::as.matrix(landscape, wide = TRUE)
extras <- prepare_extras(metrics, landscape_mat = landscape,
directions = directions, neighbourhood = 4, resolution = resolution)
}
# all values NA
if (all(is.na(landscape))) {
return(tibble::new_tibble(list(level = "landscape",
class = as.integer(NA),
id = as.integer(NA),
metric = "ed",
value = as.double(NA))))
}
# get patch area
area_patch <- lsm_p_area_calc(landscape,
directions = directions,
resolution = resolution,
extras = extras)
# summarise to total area
area_total <- sum(area_patch$value)
# get total edge
edge_landscape <- lsm_l_te_calc(landscape,
count_boundary = count_boundary,
resolution = resolution,
extras = extras)
# relative edge density
ed <- edge_landscape$value / area_total
return(tibble::new_tibble(list(level = rep("landscape", length(ed)),
class = rep(as.integer(NA), length(ed)),
id = rep(as.integer(NA), length(ed)),
metric = rep("ed", length(ed)),
value = as.double(ed))))
}
Add the following code to your website.
For more information on customizing the embed code, read Embedding Snippets.