HallOfFame: Hall of Fame Voting Data
In Lahman: Sean Lahman's Baseball Database
Description
Usage
Format
Details
Source
Examples
Description
Hall of Fame table. This is comprised of the voting results for all candidates nominated for the
Baseball Hall of Fame.
Usage
1
Format
A data frame with 4054 observations on the following 8 variables.
playerIDPlayer ID code
yearIDYear of ballot
votedByMethod by which player was voted upon. See Details
ballotsTotal ballots cast in that year
neededNumber of votes needed for selection in that year
votesTotal votes received
inductedWhether player was inducted by that vote or not (Y or N)
categoryCategory of candidate; a factor with levels Manager Pioneer/Executive Player Umpire
needed_noteExplanation of qualifiers for special elections
Details
This table links to the Master table via the playerID.
votedBy: Most Hall of Fame inductees have been elected by the
Baseball Writers Association of America (BBWAA). Rules for election are
described in http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Baseball_Hall_of_Fame_and_Museum#Selection_process.
Source
Lahman, S. (2014) Lahman's Baseball Database, 1871-2013, 2014 version, http://baseball1.com/statistics/
Examples
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## Some examples for Hall of Fame induction data
data('HallOfFame')
require('plyr') ## extensive use of plyr for data manipulation
require('ggplot2')
############################################################
## Some simple queries
# What are the different types of votedBy?
table(HallOfFame$votedBy)
# What was the first year of Hall of Fame elections?
sort(unique(HallOfFame$yearID))[1]
# Who comprised the original class?
subset(HallOfFame, yearID == 1936 & inducted == 'Y')
# Result of a player's last year on the BBWAA ballot
# Restrict to players voted by BBWAA:
HOFplayers <- subset(HallOfFame, votedBy == 'BBWAA' & category == 'Player')
# Function to calculate number of years as HOF candidate, last pct vote, etc.
# for a given player
HOFun <- function(d) {
nyears <- nrow(d)
fy <- d[nyears, ]
lastPct <- with(fy, 100 * round(votes/ballots, 3))
data.frame(playerID = fy$playerID, nyears, induct = fy$inducted,
lastPct, lastYear = fy$yearID)
}
playerOutcomesHOF <- ddply(HOFplayers, .(playerID), HOFun)
############################################################
# How many voting years until election?
inducted <- subset(playerOutcomesHOF,induct == 'Y')
table(inducted$nyears)
barplot(table(inducted$nyears), main="Number of voting years until election",
ylab="Number of players", xlab="Years")
# What is the form of this distribution?
# Note that this question requires a zero-truncated distribution, because nyears==0 cannot occur
require('vcd')
goodfit(inducted$nyears)
plot(goodfit(inducted$nyears), xlab='Number of years',
main="Poissonness plot of number of years voting until election")
Ord_plot(table(inducted$nyears), xlab='Number of years')
# First ballot inductees:
subset(playerOutcomesHOF, nyears == 1L & induct == 'Y')
# Who took at least ten years on the ballot before induction?
# (Doesn't include Bert Blyleven, who was inducted in 2011.)
subset(playerOutcomesHOF, nyears >= 10L & induct == 'Y')
############################################################
## Plots of voting percentages over time for the borderline
## HOF candidates, according to the BBWAA:
# (1) Set up the data:
longTimers <- as.character(unlist(subset(playerOutcomesHOF,
nyears >= 10, select = 'playerID')))
HOFlt <- subset(HallOfFame, playerID %in% longTimers & votedBy == 'BBWAA')
HOFlt <- ddply(HOFlt, .(playerID), mutate,
elected = ifelse(any(inducted == 'Y'),"Elected", "Not elected"),
pct = 100 * round(votes/ballots, 3))
# Plot the voting profiles:
ggplot(HOFlt, aes(x = yearID, y = pct,
group = playerID)) +
ggtitle("Profiles of voting percentage for long-time HOF candidates") +
geom_line() +
geom_hline(yintercept = 75, col = 'red') +
labs(list(x = "Year", y = "Percentage of votes")) +
facet_wrap(~ elected, ncol = 1)
# Note: All but one of the players whose maximum voting percentage
# was over 60% and was not elected by the BBWAA has eventually been inducted
# into the HOF. Red Ruffing was elected in a 1967 runoff election while
# the others have been voted in by the Veterans Committee. The lone
# exception is Gil Hodges; his profile is the one that flatlines around 60%
# for several years in the late 70s and early 80s.
Example output
Loading required package: plyr
Loading required package: ggplot2
BBWAA Centennial Final Ballot Negro League
3723 6 21 26
Nominating Vote Old Timers Run Off Special Election
76 30 81 2
Veterans
191
[1] 1936
playerID yearID votedBy ballots needed votes inducted category needed_note
1 cobbty01 1936 BBWAA 226 170 222 Y Player <NA>
2 ruthba01 1936 BBWAA 226 170 215 Y Player <NA>
3 wagneho01 1936 BBWAA 226 170 215 Y Player <NA>
4 mathech01 1936 BBWAA 226 170 205 Y Player <NA>
5 johnswa01 1936 BBWAA 226 170 189 Y Player <NA>
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
51 10 9 8 8 4 3 4 6 4 3 1 4 1 2
Loading required package: vcd
Loading required package: grid
Observed and fitted values for poisson distribution
with parameters estimated by `ML'
count observed fitted pearson residual
0 0 1.985635198 -1.40912569
1 51 8.110814960 15.05967319
2 10 16.565308520 -1.61307803
3 9 22.555024594 -2.85416225
4 8 23.032885285 -3.13233477
5 8 18.816696114 -2.49357792
6 4 12.810236620 -2.46155190
7 3 7.475222822 -1.63682629
8 4 3.816798093 0.09377356
9 6 1.732294427 3.24252696
10 4 0.707598232 3.91398770
11 3 0.262759898 5.33990280
12 1 0.089442282 3.04464068
13 4 0.028103768 23.69275806
14 1 0.008199768 10.95275653
15 2 0.002232931 36.58614498
playerID nyears induct lastPct lastYear
1 aaronha01 1 Y 97.8 1982
43 bankser01 1 Y 83.8 1977
62 benchjo01 1 Y 96.4 1989
90 boggswa01 1 Y 91.9 2005
109 brettge01 1 Y 98.2 1999
114 brocklo01 1 Y 79.7 1985
157 carewro01 1 Y 90.5 1991
159 carltst01 1 Y 95.6 1994
195 cobbty01 1 Y 98.2 1936
291 eckerde01 1 Y 83.2 2004
314 fellebo01 1 Y 93.8 1962
365 gibsobo01 1 Y 84.0 1981
371 glavito02 1 Y 91.9 2014
394 griffke02 1 Y 99.3 2016
417 gwynnto01 1 Y 97.6 2007
445 henderi01 1 Y 94.8 2009
495 jacksre01 1 Y 93.6 1993
508 johnsra05 1 Y 97.3 2015
509 johnswa01 1 Y 83.6 1936
527 kalinal01 1 Y 88.3 1980
560 koufasa01 1 Y 86.9 1972
621 maddugr01 1 Y 97.2 2014
627 mantlmi01 1 Y 88.2 1974
641 martipe02 1 Y 91.1 2015
643 mathech01 1 Y 90.7 1936
655 mayswi01 1 Y 94.7 1979
661 mccovwi01 1 Y 81.4 1986
703 molitpa01 1 Y 85.2 2004
715 morgajo02 1 Y 81.8 1990
729 murraed02 1 Y 85.3 2003
732 musiast01 1 Y 93.2 1969
770 palmeji01 1 Y 92.6 1990
811 puckeki01 1 Y 82.1 2001
847 ripkeca01 1 Y 98.5 2007
855 robinbr01 1 Y 92.0 1983
856 robinfr02 1 Y 89.2 1982
857 robinja02 1 Y 77.5 1962
858 rodriiv01 1 Y 76.0 2017
878 ruthba01 1 Y 95.1 1936
880 ryanno01 1 Y 98.8 1999
902 schmimi01 1 Y 96.5 1995
912 seaveto01 1 Y 98.8 1992
946 smithoz01 1 Y 91.7 2002
949 smoltjo01 1 Y 82.9 2015
966 stargwi01 1 Y 82.4 1988
1006 thomafr04 1 Y 83.7 2014
1053 wagneho01 1 Y 95.1 1936
1096 willite01 1 Y 93.4 1966
1102 winfida01 1 Y 84.5 2001
1116 yastrca01 1 Y 94.6 1989
1124 yountro01 1 Y 77.5 1999
playerID nyears induct lastPct lastYear
86 blylebe01 14 Y 79.7 2011
100 boudrlo01 10 Y 77.3 1970
223 cronijo01 10 Y 78.8 1956
279 drysddo01 10 Y 78.4 1984
436 hartnga01 11 Y 77.7 1955
441 heilmha01 11 Y 86.8 1952
546 kinerra01 13 Y 75.4 1975
589 lemonbo01 12 Y 78.6 1976
629 maranra01 13 Y 82.9 1954
817 raineti01 10 Y 86.0 2017
839 riceji01 15 Y 76.4 2009
950 snidedu01 11 Y 86.5 1980
989 suttebr01 13 Y 76.9 2006
1002 terrybi01 13 Y 77.4 1954
1037 vanceda01 15 Y 81.7 1955
Lahman documentation built on May 2, 2019, 5:25 p.m.
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Description Usage Format Details Source Examples
Description
Hall of Fame table. This is comprised of the voting results for all candidates nominated for the Baseball Hall of Fame.
Usage
1 |
Format
A data frame with 4054 observations on the following 8 variables.
playerIDPlayer ID code
yearIDYear of ballot
votedByMethod by which player was voted upon. See Details
ballotsTotal ballots cast in that year
neededNumber of votes needed for selection in that year
votesTotal votes received
inductedWhether player was inducted by that vote or not (Y or N)
categoryCategory of candidate; a factor with levels
ManagerPioneer/ExecutivePlayerUmpireneeded_noteExplanation of qualifiers for special elections
Details
This table links to the Master table via the playerID.
votedBy: Most Hall of Fame inductees have been elected by the
Baseball Writers Association of America (BBWAA). Rules for election are
described in http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Baseball_Hall_of_Fame_and_Museum#Selection_process.
Source
Lahman, S. (2014) Lahman's Baseball Database, 1871-2013, 2014 version, http://baseball1.com/statistics/
Examples
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 | ## Some examples for Hall of Fame induction data
data('HallOfFame')
require('plyr') ## extensive use of plyr for data manipulation
require('ggplot2')
############################################################
## Some simple queries
# What are the different types of votedBy?
table(HallOfFame$votedBy)
# What was the first year of Hall of Fame elections?
sort(unique(HallOfFame$yearID))[1]
# Who comprised the original class?
subset(HallOfFame, yearID == 1936 & inducted == 'Y')
# Result of a player's last year on the BBWAA ballot
# Restrict to players voted by BBWAA:
HOFplayers <- subset(HallOfFame, votedBy == 'BBWAA' & category == 'Player')
# Function to calculate number of years as HOF candidate, last pct vote, etc.
# for a given player
HOFun <- function(d) {
nyears <- nrow(d)
fy <- d[nyears, ]
lastPct <- with(fy, 100 * round(votes/ballots, 3))
data.frame(playerID = fy$playerID, nyears, induct = fy$inducted,
lastPct, lastYear = fy$yearID)
}
playerOutcomesHOF <- ddply(HOFplayers, .(playerID), HOFun)
############################################################
# How many voting years until election?
inducted <- subset(playerOutcomesHOF,induct == 'Y')
table(inducted$nyears)
barplot(table(inducted$nyears), main="Number of voting years until election",
ylab="Number of players", xlab="Years")
# What is the form of this distribution?
# Note that this question requires a zero-truncated distribution, because nyears==0 cannot occur
require('vcd')
goodfit(inducted$nyears)
plot(goodfit(inducted$nyears), xlab='Number of years',
main="Poissonness plot of number of years voting until election")
Ord_plot(table(inducted$nyears), xlab='Number of years')
# First ballot inductees:
subset(playerOutcomesHOF, nyears == 1L & induct == 'Y')
# Who took at least ten years on the ballot before induction?
# (Doesn't include Bert Blyleven, who was inducted in 2011.)
subset(playerOutcomesHOF, nyears >= 10L & induct == 'Y')
############################################################
## Plots of voting percentages over time for the borderline
## HOF candidates, according to the BBWAA:
# (1) Set up the data:
longTimers <- as.character(unlist(subset(playerOutcomesHOF,
nyears >= 10, select = 'playerID')))
HOFlt <- subset(HallOfFame, playerID %in% longTimers & votedBy == 'BBWAA')
HOFlt <- ddply(HOFlt, .(playerID), mutate,
elected = ifelse(any(inducted == 'Y'),"Elected", "Not elected"),
pct = 100 * round(votes/ballots, 3))
# Plot the voting profiles:
ggplot(HOFlt, aes(x = yearID, y = pct,
group = playerID)) +
ggtitle("Profiles of voting percentage for long-time HOF candidates") +
geom_line() +
geom_hline(yintercept = 75, col = 'red') +
labs(list(x = "Year", y = "Percentage of votes")) +
facet_wrap(~ elected, ncol = 1)
# Note: All but one of the players whose maximum voting percentage
# was over 60% and was not elected by the BBWAA has eventually been inducted
# into the HOF. Red Ruffing was elected in a 1967 runoff election while
# the others have been voted in by the Veterans Committee. The lone
# exception is Gil Hodges; his profile is the one that flatlines around 60%
# for several years in the late 70s and early 80s.
|
Example output
Loading required package: plyr
Loading required package: ggplot2
BBWAA Centennial Final Ballot Negro League
3723 6 21 26
Nominating Vote Old Timers Run Off Special Election
76 30 81 2
Veterans
191
[1] 1936
playerID yearID votedBy ballots needed votes inducted category needed_note
1 cobbty01 1936 BBWAA 226 170 222 Y Player <NA>
2 ruthba01 1936 BBWAA 226 170 215 Y Player <NA>
3 wagneho01 1936 BBWAA 226 170 215 Y Player <NA>
4 mathech01 1936 BBWAA 226 170 205 Y Player <NA>
5 johnswa01 1936 BBWAA 226 170 189 Y Player <NA>
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
51 10 9 8 8 4 3 4 6 4 3 1 4 1 2
Loading required package: vcd
Loading required package: grid
Observed and fitted values for poisson distribution
with parameters estimated by `ML'
count observed fitted pearson residual
0 0 1.985635198 -1.40912569
1 51 8.110814960 15.05967319
2 10 16.565308520 -1.61307803
3 9 22.555024594 -2.85416225
4 8 23.032885285 -3.13233477
5 8 18.816696114 -2.49357792
6 4 12.810236620 -2.46155190
7 3 7.475222822 -1.63682629
8 4 3.816798093 0.09377356
9 6 1.732294427 3.24252696
10 4 0.707598232 3.91398770
11 3 0.262759898 5.33990280
12 1 0.089442282 3.04464068
13 4 0.028103768 23.69275806
14 1 0.008199768 10.95275653
15 2 0.002232931 36.58614498
playerID nyears induct lastPct lastYear
1 aaronha01 1 Y 97.8 1982
43 bankser01 1 Y 83.8 1977
62 benchjo01 1 Y 96.4 1989
90 boggswa01 1 Y 91.9 2005
109 brettge01 1 Y 98.2 1999
114 brocklo01 1 Y 79.7 1985
157 carewro01 1 Y 90.5 1991
159 carltst01 1 Y 95.6 1994
195 cobbty01 1 Y 98.2 1936
291 eckerde01 1 Y 83.2 2004
314 fellebo01 1 Y 93.8 1962
365 gibsobo01 1 Y 84.0 1981
371 glavito02 1 Y 91.9 2014
394 griffke02 1 Y 99.3 2016
417 gwynnto01 1 Y 97.6 2007
445 henderi01 1 Y 94.8 2009
495 jacksre01 1 Y 93.6 1993
508 johnsra05 1 Y 97.3 2015
509 johnswa01 1 Y 83.6 1936
527 kalinal01 1 Y 88.3 1980
560 koufasa01 1 Y 86.9 1972
621 maddugr01 1 Y 97.2 2014
627 mantlmi01 1 Y 88.2 1974
641 martipe02 1 Y 91.1 2015
643 mathech01 1 Y 90.7 1936
655 mayswi01 1 Y 94.7 1979
661 mccovwi01 1 Y 81.4 1986
703 molitpa01 1 Y 85.2 2004
715 morgajo02 1 Y 81.8 1990
729 murraed02 1 Y 85.3 2003
732 musiast01 1 Y 93.2 1969
770 palmeji01 1 Y 92.6 1990
811 puckeki01 1 Y 82.1 2001
847 ripkeca01 1 Y 98.5 2007
855 robinbr01 1 Y 92.0 1983
856 robinfr02 1 Y 89.2 1982
857 robinja02 1 Y 77.5 1962
858 rodriiv01 1 Y 76.0 2017
878 ruthba01 1 Y 95.1 1936
880 ryanno01 1 Y 98.8 1999
902 schmimi01 1 Y 96.5 1995
912 seaveto01 1 Y 98.8 1992
946 smithoz01 1 Y 91.7 2002
949 smoltjo01 1 Y 82.9 2015
966 stargwi01 1 Y 82.4 1988
1006 thomafr04 1 Y 83.7 2014
1053 wagneho01 1 Y 95.1 1936
1096 willite01 1 Y 93.4 1966
1102 winfida01 1 Y 84.5 2001
1116 yastrca01 1 Y 94.6 1989
1124 yountro01 1 Y 77.5 1999
playerID nyears induct lastPct lastYear
86 blylebe01 14 Y 79.7 2011
100 boudrlo01 10 Y 77.3 1970
223 cronijo01 10 Y 78.8 1956
279 drysddo01 10 Y 78.4 1984
436 hartnga01 11 Y 77.7 1955
441 heilmha01 11 Y 86.8 1952
546 kinerra01 13 Y 75.4 1975
589 lemonbo01 12 Y 78.6 1976
629 maranra01 13 Y 82.9 1954
817 raineti01 10 Y 86.0 2017
839 riceji01 15 Y 76.4 2009
950 snidedu01 11 Y 86.5 1980
989 suttebr01 13 Y 76.9 2006
1002 terrybi01 13 Y 77.4 1954
1037 vanceda01 15 Y 81.7 1955
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