fireSeason: Fire Season Start and End
In cffdrs: Canadian Forest Fire Danger Rating System
Description
Usage
Arguments
Details
Value
Author(s)
References
See Also
Examples
Description
fireSeason calculates the start and end fire season dates for a given weather station. The current method used in the function is based on three consecutive daily maximum temperature thresholds (Wotton and Flannigan 1993, Lawson and Armitage 2008). This function process input from a single weather station.
Usage
1
2
fireSeason(input,fs.start=12,fs.end=5,method="WF93", consistent.snow=FALSE,
multi.year=FALSE)
Arguments
input
A data.frame containing input variables of including the date/time and daily maximum temperature. Variable names have to be the same as in the following list, but they are case insensitive. The order in which the input variables are entered is not important either.
yr (required) Year of the observations
mon (required) Month of the observations
day (required) Day of the observations
tmax (required) Maximum Daily Temperature (degrees C)
snow_depth (optional) Is consistent snow data in the input?
fs.start
Temperature threshold (degrees C) to start the fire season (default=12)
fs.end
Temperature threshold (degrees C) to end the fire season (default=5)
method
Method of fire season calculation. Options are "wf93"" or "la08" (default=WF93)
consistent.snow
Is consistent snow data in the input? (default=FALSE)
multi.year
Should the fire season span multiple years? (default=FALSE)
Details
An important aspect to consider when calculating Fire Weather Index (FWI) System variables is a definition of the fire season start and end dates (Lawson and Armitage 2008). If a user starts calculations on a fire season too late in the year, the FWI System variables may take too long to reach equilibrium, thus throwing off the resulting indices. This function presents two method of calculating these start and end dates, adapted from Wotton and Flannigan (1993), and Lawson and Armitage (2008). The approach taken in this function starts the fire season after three days of maximum temperature greater than 12 degrees Celsius. The end of the fire season is determined after three consecutive days of maximum temperature less than 5 degrees Celsius. The two temperature thresholds can be adjusted as parameters in the function call. In regions where temperature thresholds will not end a fire season, it is possible for the fire season to span multiple years, in this case setting the multi.year parameter to TRUE will allow these calculations to proceed.
This fire season length definition can also feed in to the overwinter DC calculations (wDC). View the cffdrs package help files for an example of using the fireSeason, wDC, and fwi functions in conjunction.
Value
fireSeason returns a data frame of season and start and end dates. Columns in data frame are described below.
Primary FBP output includes the following 8 variables:
yr
Year of the fire season start/end date
mon
Month of the fire season start/end date
day
Day of the fire season start/end date
fsdatetype
Fire season date type (values are either "start" or "end")
date
Full date value
Author(s)
Alan Cantin, Xianli Wang, Mike Wotton, and Mike Flannigan
References
Wotton, B.M. and Flannigan, M.D. (1993). Length of the fire season in a changing climate. Forestry Chronicle, 69, 187-192. http://www.ualberta.ca/~flanniga/publications/1993_Wotton_Flannigan.pdf
Lawson, B.D. and O.B. Armitage. 2008. Weather guide for the Canadian Forest Fire Danger Rating System. Nat. Resour. Can., Can. For. Serv., North. For. Cent., Edmonton, AB http://cfs.nrcan.gc.ca/pubwarehouse/pdfs/29152.pdf
See Also
Examples
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library(cffdrs)
#The standard test data:
data("test_wDC")
print(head(test_wDC))
## Sort the data:
input <- with(test_wDC, test_wDC[order(id,yr,mon,day),])
#Using the default fire season start and end temperature
#thresholds:
a_fs <- fireSeason(input[input$id==1,])
#Check the result:
a_fs
# yr mon day fsdatetype
#1 1999 5 4 start
#2 1999 5 12 end
#3 1999 5 18 start
#4 1999 5 25 end
#5 1999 5 30 start
#6 1999 10 6 end
#7 2000 6 27 start
#8 2000 10 7 end
#In the resulting data frame, the fire season starts
#and ends multiple times in the first year. It is up to the user #for how to interpret this.
#modified fire season start and end temperature thresholds
a_fs <- fireSeason (input[input$id==1,],fs.start=10, fs.end=3)
a_fs
# yr mon day fsdatetype
#1 1999 5 2 start
#2 1999 10 20 end
#3 2000 6 16 start
#4 2000 10 7 end
#select another id value, specify method explicitly
b_fs <- fireSeason(input[input$id==2,],method="WF93")
#print the calculated fireseason
b_fs
# yr mon day fsdatetype
#1 1980 4 21 start
#2 1980 9 19 end
#3 1980 10 6 start
#4 1980 10 16 end
#5 1981 5 21 start
#6 1981 10 13 end
Example output
Loading required package: rgdal
Loading required package: sp
rgdal: version: 1.5-18, (SVN revision 1082)
Geospatial Data Abstraction Library extensions to R successfully loaded
Loaded GDAL runtime: GDAL 3.0.4, released 2020/01/28
Path to GDAL shared files: /usr/share/gdal
GDAL binary built with GEOS: TRUE
Loaded PROJ runtime: Rel. 6.3.1, February 10th, 2020, [PJ_VERSION: 631]
Path to PROJ shared files: /usr/share/proj
Linking to sp version:1.4-4
To mute warnings of possible GDAL/OSR exportToProj4() degradation,
use options("rgdal_show_exportToProj4_warnings"="none") before loading rgdal.
Loading required package: raster
Loading required package: foreach
id lat long yr mon day temp rh ws prec tmax
1 1 49.4625 119.6022 2013 1 1 -3.2 82 11 0.0 -2.7
2 1 49.4625 119.6022 2013 1 2 -3.0 73 26 0.0 -2.4
3 1 49.4625 119.6022 2013 1 3 -2.5 68 23 0.0 -1.6
4 1 49.4625 119.6022 2013 1 4 -2.2 75 24 0.2 -1.7
5 1 49.4625 119.6022 2013 1 5 -3.1 91 0 0.0 -0.8
6 1 49.4625 119.6022 2013 1 6 -0.2 76 40 0.4 0.5
yr mon day fsdatetype date
1 2013 3 15 start 2013-03-15
2 2013 11 23 end 2013-11-23
3 2014 3 14 start 2014-03-14
4 2014 11 14 end 2014-11-14
yr mon day fsdatetype date
1 2013 3 12 start 2013-03-12
2 2013 11 23 end 2013-11-23
3 2014 3 9 start 2014-03-09
4 2014 11 15 end 2014-11-15
5 2014 12 13 start 2014-12-13
6 2014 12 18 end 2014-12-18
yr mon day fsdatetype date
1 1980 4 20 start 1980-04-20
2 1980 10 16 end 1980-10-16
3 1981 5 15 start 1981-05-15
4 1981 10 14 end 1981-10-14
cffdrs documentation built on May 26, 2020, 3 p.m.
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Description Usage Arguments Details Value Author(s) References See Also Examples
Description
fireSeason calculates the start and end fire season dates for a given weather station. The current method used in the function is based on three consecutive daily maximum temperature thresholds (Wotton and Flannigan 1993, Lawson and Armitage 2008). This function process input from a single weather station.
Usage
1 2 | fireSeason(input,fs.start=12,fs.end=5,method="WF93", consistent.snow=FALSE,
multi.year=FALSE)
|
Arguments
input |
A data.frame containing input variables of including the date/time and daily maximum temperature. Variable names have to be the same as in the following list, but they are case insensitive. The order in which the input variables are entered is not important either.
| ||||||||||||||||
fs.start |
Temperature threshold (degrees C) to start the fire season (default=12) | ||||||||||||||||
fs.end |
Temperature threshold (degrees C) to end the fire season (default=5) | ||||||||||||||||
method |
Method of fire season calculation. Options are "wf93"" or "la08" (default=WF93) | ||||||||||||||||
consistent.snow |
Is consistent snow data in the input? (default=FALSE) | ||||||||||||||||
multi.year |
Should the fire season span multiple years? (default=FALSE) |
Details
An important aspect to consider when calculating Fire Weather Index (FWI) System variables is a definition of the fire season start and end dates (Lawson and Armitage 2008). If a user starts calculations on a fire season too late in the year, the FWI System variables may take too long to reach equilibrium, thus throwing off the resulting indices. This function presents two method of calculating these start and end dates, adapted from Wotton and Flannigan (1993), and Lawson and Armitage (2008). The approach taken in this function starts the fire season after three days of maximum temperature greater than 12 degrees Celsius. The end of the fire season is determined after three consecutive days of maximum temperature less than 5 degrees Celsius. The two temperature thresholds can be adjusted as parameters in the function call. In regions where temperature thresholds will not end a fire season, it is possible for the fire season to span multiple years, in this case setting the multi.year parameter to TRUE will allow these calculations to proceed.
This fire season length definition can also feed in to the overwinter DC calculations (wDC). View the cffdrs package help files for an example of using the fireSeason, wDC, and fwi functions in conjunction.
Value
fireSeason returns a data frame of season and start and end dates. Columns in data frame are described below.
Primary FBP output includes the following 8 variables:
yr |
Year of the fire season start/end date |
mon |
Month of the fire season start/end date |
day |
Day of the fire season start/end date |
fsdatetype |
Fire season date type (values are either "start" or "end") |
date |
Full date value |
Author(s)
Alan Cantin, Xianli Wang, Mike Wotton, and Mike Flannigan
References
Wotton, B.M. and Flannigan, M.D. (1993). Length of the fire season in a changing climate. Forestry Chronicle, 69, 187-192. http://www.ualberta.ca/~flanniga/publications/1993_Wotton_Flannigan.pdf
Lawson, B.D. and O.B. Armitage. 2008. Weather guide for the Canadian Forest Fire Danger Rating System. Nat. Resour. Can., Can. For. Serv., North. For. Cent., Edmonton, AB http://cfs.nrcan.gc.ca/pubwarehouse/pdfs/29152.pdf
See Also
Examples
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 | library(cffdrs)
#The standard test data:
data("test_wDC")
print(head(test_wDC))
## Sort the data:
input <- with(test_wDC, test_wDC[order(id,yr,mon,day),])
#Using the default fire season start and end temperature
#thresholds:
a_fs <- fireSeason(input[input$id==1,])
#Check the result:
a_fs
# yr mon day fsdatetype
#1 1999 5 4 start
#2 1999 5 12 end
#3 1999 5 18 start
#4 1999 5 25 end
#5 1999 5 30 start
#6 1999 10 6 end
#7 2000 6 27 start
#8 2000 10 7 end
#In the resulting data frame, the fire season starts
#and ends multiple times in the first year. It is up to the user #for how to interpret this.
#modified fire season start and end temperature thresholds
a_fs <- fireSeason (input[input$id==1,],fs.start=10, fs.end=3)
a_fs
# yr mon day fsdatetype
#1 1999 5 2 start
#2 1999 10 20 end
#3 2000 6 16 start
#4 2000 10 7 end
#select another id value, specify method explicitly
b_fs <- fireSeason(input[input$id==2,],method="WF93")
#print the calculated fireseason
b_fs
# yr mon day fsdatetype
#1 1980 4 21 start
#2 1980 9 19 end
#3 1980 10 6 start
#4 1980 10 16 end
#5 1981 5 21 start
#6 1981 10 13 end
|
Example output
Loading required package: rgdal
Loading required package: sp
rgdal: version: 1.5-18, (SVN revision 1082)
Geospatial Data Abstraction Library extensions to R successfully loaded
Loaded GDAL runtime: GDAL 3.0.4, released 2020/01/28
Path to GDAL shared files: /usr/share/gdal
GDAL binary built with GEOS: TRUE
Loaded PROJ runtime: Rel. 6.3.1, February 10th, 2020, [PJ_VERSION: 631]
Path to PROJ shared files: /usr/share/proj
Linking to sp version:1.4-4
To mute warnings of possible GDAL/OSR exportToProj4() degradation,
use options("rgdal_show_exportToProj4_warnings"="none") before loading rgdal.
Loading required package: raster
Loading required package: foreach
id lat long yr mon day temp rh ws prec tmax
1 1 49.4625 119.6022 2013 1 1 -3.2 82 11 0.0 -2.7
2 1 49.4625 119.6022 2013 1 2 -3.0 73 26 0.0 -2.4
3 1 49.4625 119.6022 2013 1 3 -2.5 68 23 0.0 -1.6
4 1 49.4625 119.6022 2013 1 4 -2.2 75 24 0.2 -1.7
5 1 49.4625 119.6022 2013 1 5 -3.1 91 0 0.0 -0.8
6 1 49.4625 119.6022 2013 1 6 -0.2 76 40 0.4 0.5
yr mon day fsdatetype date
1 2013 3 15 start 2013-03-15
2 2013 11 23 end 2013-11-23
3 2014 3 14 start 2014-03-14
4 2014 11 14 end 2014-11-14
yr mon day fsdatetype date
1 2013 3 12 start 2013-03-12
2 2013 11 23 end 2013-11-23
3 2014 3 9 start 2014-03-09
4 2014 11 15 end 2014-11-15
5 2014 12 13 start 2014-12-13
6 2014 12 18 end 2014-12-18
yr mon day fsdatetype date
1 1980 4 20 start 1980-04-20
2 1980 10 16 end 1980-10-16
3 1981 5 15 start 1981-05-15
4 1981 10 14 end 1981-10-14
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