render_path: Render Path

In rayshader: Create Maps and Visualize Data in 2D and 3D

Render Path

Description

Adds a 3D path to the current scene, using latitude/longitude or coordinates in the reference system defined by the extent object. If no altitude is provided, the path will be elevated a constant offset above the heightmap. If the path goes off the edge, the nearest height on the heightmap will be used.

Usage

render_path(
  lat,
  long = NULL,
  altitude = NULL,
  groups = NULL,
  extent = NULL,
  zscale = 1,
  heightmap = NULL,
  resample_evenly = FALSE,
  resample_n = 360,
  reorder = FALSE,
  reorder_first_index = 1,
  reorder_duplicate_tolerance = 0.1,
  reorder_merge_tolerance = 1,
  simplify_tolerance = 0,
  linewidth = 3,
  color = "black",
  antialias = FALSE,
  offset = 5,
  clear_previous = FALSE,
  return_coords = FALSE,
  tag = "path3d"
)

Arguments

lat	Vector of latitudes (or other coordinate in the same coordinate reference system as extent). Can also be an 'sf' or 'SpatialLineDataFrame' object.
long	Default 'NULL'. Vector of longitudes (or other coordinate in the same coordinate reference system as extent). Ignored if lat is an 'sf' or 'SpatialLineDataFrame' object.
altitude	Default 'NULL'. Elevation of each point, in units of the elevation matrix (scaled by zscale). If left 'NULL', this will be just the elevation value at ths surface, offset by 'offset'. If a single value, all data will be rendered at that altitude.
groups	Default 'NULL'. Integer vector specifying the grouping of each lat/long path segment, if lat/long are specified as numeric vectors (as opposed to 'sf' or 'SpatialLineDataFrame' objects, where this information is built-in to the object).
extent	Either an object representing the spatial extent of the 3D scene (either from the 'raster', 'terra', 'sf', or 'sp' packages), a length-4 numeric vector specifying 'c("xmin", "xmax","ymin","ymax")', or the spatial object (from the previously aforementioned packages) which will be automatically converted to an extent object.
zscale	Default '1'. The ratio between the x and y spacing (which are assumed to be equal) and the z axis in the original heightmap.
heightmap	Default 'NULL'. Pass this if not including an 'altitude' argument, or if no extent passed. A two-dimensional matrix, where each entry in the matrix is the elevation at that point. All points are assumed to be evenly spaced.
resample_evenly	Default 'FALSE'. If 'TRUE', this will re-sample the path evenly from beginning to end, which can help vastly reduce the number of points used to draw it (which can improve the performance of 'render_highquality()' and 'render_snapshot(software_render = TRUE)'). This function works only if 'reorder = TRUE', or if the sf object is already ordered from beginning to end.
resample_n	Default '360'. Number of breaks in which to evenly resample the line if 'resample_evenly = TRUE'.
reorder	Default 'FALSE'. If 'TRUE', this will attempt to re-order the rows within an 'sf' object with multiple paths to be one continuous, end-to-end path. This happens in two steps: merging duplicate paths that have end points that match with another object (within 'reorder_duplicate_tolerance' distance), and then merges them (within 'reorder_merge_tolerance' distance) to form a continuous path.
reorder_first_index	Default '1'. The index (row) of the 'sf' object in which to begin the reordering process. This merges and reorders paths within 'reorder_merge_tolerance' distance until it cannot merge any more, and then repeats the process in the opposite direction.
reorder_duplicate_tolerance	Default '0.1'. Lines that have start and end points (does not matter which) within this tolerance that match a line already processed (order determined by 'reorder_first_index') will be discarded.
reorder_merge_tolerance	Default '1'. Lines that have start points that are within this distance to a previously processed line's end point (order determined by 'reorder_first_index') will be reordered within the 'sf' object to form a continuous, end-to-end path.
simplify_tolerance	Default '0' (no simplification). If greater than zero, simplifies the path to the tolerance specified. This happens after the data has been merged if 'reorder = TRUE'. If the input data is specified with long-lat coordinates and 'sf_use_s2()' returns 'TRUE', then the value of simplify_tolerance must be specified in meters.
linewidth	Default '3'. The line width.
color	Default 'black'. Color of the line.
antialias	Default 'FALSE'. If 'TRUE', the line with be have anti-aliasing applied. NOTE: anti-aliasing can cause some unpredictable behavior with transparent surfaces.
offset	Default '5'. Offset of the track from the surface, if 'altitude = NULL'.
clear_previous	Default 'FALSE'. If 'TRUE', it will clear all existing paths.
return_coords	Default 'FALSE'. If 'TRUE', this will return the internal rayshader coordinates of the path, instead of plotting the line.
tag	Default '"path3d"'. The rgl tag to use when adding the path to the scene.

Examples

if(run_documentation()) {
#Starting at Moss Landing in Monterey Bay, we are going to simulate a flight of a bird going
#out to sea and diving for food.

#First, create simulated lat/long data
set.seed(2009)
moss_landing_coord = c(36.806807, -121.793332)
x_vel_out = -0.001 + rnorm(1000)[1:300]/1000
y_vel_out = rnorm(1000)[1:300]/200
z_out = c(seq(0,2000,length.out = 180), seq(2000,0,length.out=10),
         seq(0,2000,length.out = 100), seq(2000,0,length.out=10))

bird_track_lat = list()
bird_track_long = list()
bird_track_lat[[1]] = moss_landing_coord[1]
bird_track_long[[1]] = moss_landing_coord[2]
for(i in 2:300) {
bird_track_lat[[i]] = bird_track_lat[[i-1]] + y_vel_out[i]
bird_track_long[[i]] = bird_track_long[[i-1]] + x_vel_out[i]
}


#Render the 3D map 
montereybay %>%
 sphere_shade() %>%
 plot_3d(montereybay,zscale=50,water=TRUE,
         shadowcolor="#40310a", watercolor="#233aa1", background = "tan",
         theta=210,  phi=22, zoom=0.20, fov=55)

#Pass in the extent of the underlying raster (stored in an attribute for the montereybay
#dataset) and the latitudes, longitudes, and altitudes of the track.
render_path(extent = attr(montereybay,"extent"), 
           lat = unlist(bird_track_lat), long = unlist(bird_track_long), 
           altitude = z_out, zscale=50,color="white", antialias=TRUE)
render_snapshot()
}
if(run_documentation()) {
#We'll set the altitude to right above the water to give the tracks a "shadow".
render_path(extent = attr(montereybay,"extent"), 
           lat = unlist(bird_track_lat), long = unlist(bird_track_long), 
           altitude = 10, zscale=50, color="black", antialias=TRUE)
render_camera(theta=30,phi=35,zoom=0.45,fov=70)
render_snapshot()
}

if(run_documentation()) {
#Remove the path:
render_path(clear_previous=TRUE)

#Finally, we can also plot just GPS coordinates offset from the surface by leaving altitude `NULL`
# Here we plot a spiral of values surrounding Moss Landing. This requires the original heightmap.

t = seq(0,2*pi,length.out=1000)
circle_coords_lat = moss_landing_coord[1] + 0.5 * t/8 * sin(t*6)
circle_coords_long = moss_landing_coord[2] + 0.5 * t/8 *  cos(t*6)
render_path(extent = attr(montereybay,"extent"), heightmap = montereybay, 
           lat = unlist(circle_coords_lat), long = unlist(circle_coords_long), 
           zscale=50, color="red", antialias=TRUE,offset=100, linewidth=5)
render_camera(theta = 160, phi=33, zoom=0.4, fov=55)
render_snapshot()
}

if(run_documentation()) {
#And all of these work with `render_highquality()`. Here, I set `use_extruded_paths = TRUE`
#to get thick continuous paths.
render_highquality(clamp_value=10, line_radius=3, min_variance = 0,
                  use_extruded_paths = TRUE,
                  sample_method = "sobol_blue", samples = 128)
}
if(run_documentation()) {
#We can also change the material of the objects by setting the `point_material` and
#`point_material_args` arguments in `render_highquality()`
render_highquality(clamp_value=10, line_radius=3, min_variance = 0,
                  sample_method = "sobol_blue", samples = 128,
                  path_material = rayrender::glossy,  use_extruded_paths = TRUE,
                  path_material_args = list(gloss = 0.5, reflectance = 0.2))
}

if(run_documentation()) {
#For transmissive materials (like `dielectric`), we should specify that the path
#should be rendered with an extruded path. We'll use the `attenuation` argument in 
#the `dielectric` function to specify a realistic glass color.
render_path(extent = attr(montereybay,"extent"), heightmap = montereybay, clear_previous = TRUE,
           lat = unlist(circle_coords_lat), long = unlist(circle_coords_long), 
           zscale=50, color="white", offset=200, linewidth=5)
render_highquality(clamp_value=10, line_radius=6, min_variance = 0,
                  sample_method = "sobol_blue", samples = 128,
                  lightsize = 2000, lightintensity = 10,
                  path_material = rayrender::dielectric, use_extruded_paths = TRUE,
                  path_material_args = list(refraction = 1.5, attenuation = c(0.05,0.2,0.2)))
}

rayshader documentation built on May 29, 2024, 3:03 a.m.