flint: Lead levels from tap water sampling in Flint, MI

In speegled/fosdata: Data for use with the book "Probability, Statistics, and Data: A Fresh Approach Using R", by Darrin Speegle and Bryan Clair

Lead levels from tap water sampling in Flint, MI

Description

Results of tap water lead testing conducted in Flint, MI in 2015.

Usage

flint

Format

A data frame with 271 observations of 7 variables

SampleID

Test kit number.

Zip.Code

Zip code (location) of sample within Flint.

Ward

Flint is divided into 9 geographical subdivisions called wards.

Pb1

Lead level in first draw sample (parts per billion).

Pb2

Lead level in second sample, 45 seconds later (parts per billion).

Pb3

Lead level in third sample, 2 minutes later (parts per billion).

Notes

About the sample.

Details

In 2014, the city of Flint, Michigan switched its drinking water supply from Detroit's system to the Flint River to reduce costs.

In 2015, students and scientists at Virginia Tech assembled and shipped 300 test kits to randomly selected Flint homes. The residents sampled their water and returned it to the lab for testing. The kits comprised of three bottles (1L, 500 mL and 250 mL) and an instruction sheet for sampling tap water.

Each home was instructed to sample water at first draw (after the tap was unused for 6 hours), after running for another 45 seconds, and after another 2 minutes.

Source

FlintWaterStudy.org (2015) "Lead Results from Tap Water Sampling in Flint, MI during the Flint Water Crisis"

http://flintwaterstudy.org/2015/12/complete-dataset-lead-results-in-tap-water-for-271-flint-samples/

speegled/fosdata documentation built on Feb. 8, 2025, 8:17 a.m.