Nothing
Data2fd <- function(argvals=NULL, y=NULL, basisobj=NULL, nderiv=NULL,
lambda=3e-8/diff(as.numeric(range(argvals))),
fdnames=NULL, covariates=NULL, method="chol",
dfscale=1)
{
## Change proposed by Spencer Graves 2011.01.10:
## Default lambda = NULL here,
## converted below to 3e-8/range(argvals)
#
# DATA2FD Converts an array Y of function values plus an array
# ARGVALS of argument values into a functional data object.
#
# A functional data object is a sample of one or more functions, called
# functional data observations.
# A functional data observation consists of one or more
# curves, each curve corresponding to a variable.
# For example, a functional data object can be a sample of dim 35 of
# temperature functions, one for each of 35 Canadian weather stations.
# In this case, each observations consists of a single temperature
# function.
# Or, for example, a functional data object can be a sample of dim 35
# of temperature and precipitation functional observations. In this case
# each observations consists of two curves, one for the temperature
# and one for the precipitation variable.
# All functional objects have a one-dimensional argument. In the above
# examples, this argument is time measured in months or days.
#
# It is now possible to call Data2fd with an argument sequence
# that permits a penalization of the dim of a derivative that
# can be specified. That is, this gives Data2fd some of the
# capability of smooth.basis, except for the possibility of
# linear differential operators other than D^m.
#
# Arguments for this function are as follows. The first three are necessary
# and the fourth is optional.
#
# ARGVALS ... (necessary)
# A set of argument values. These are common to all
# observations, and ARGVALS will be a one-dimensional vector, with one
# element per observation. These values need not be increasing.
# In the weather station example for monthly data, ARGVALS is
# a vector of length 12, with values 0.5, 1.5,..., 11.5.
# Argument values falling outside of the range specified in the
# BASIS and their corresponding values in Y will not be used,
# but if (this happens, a warning message is displayed.
# Argument ARGVALS is necessary, and there is no default value.
# In the original release of data2fd, it was possible to input
# arguments as a matrix, permitting different argument values and
# different numbers of arguments for curves. This option has been
# discontinued.
#
# Y ... (necessary)
# The array Y stores curve values used to create functional data object FDOBJ.
# Y can have one, two, or three dimensions according to whether whether
# the sample dim, the number of variables in each observation. Its
# dimensions are:
# 1. argument values ... dim = no. argument values in ARGVAL
# 2. replications ... dim = sample dim
# 3. variables ... dim = no. variables per observation
# If (Y is a one-way array, either as a vector or a matrix with one column,
# it"s single non-trivial dimension = no. argument values. If (Y
# is two-dimensional, each observation is assumed to have one variable.
# If (Y is three-dimensional, each observation is assumed to have
# multiple variables. Note: a single multivariate observation must
# be an array Y with three dimensions, the middle of which is of length 1.
# Example: For monthly temperature data for 35 weather stations,
# Y will be 12 by 35. For both temperature and precipitation observations,
# Y will be 12 by 35 by 2. For temperature/precipitation data at Montreal
# only, Y will be 12 by 1 by 2.
# This argument is necessary, and there is no default value.
#
# BASISOBJ ... (necessary)
# A functional data basis object created by function CREATE.BASIS.FD
# or one of its specialized version, such as CREATE.BSPLINE.BASIS or
# CREATE.FOURIER.BASIS. The functional data basis object specifies
# a basis type (eg. "fourier" or "bspline"), a range or argument values,
# the number of basis functions, and fixed parameters determining these
# basis functions (eg. period for "fourier" bases or knots for "bspline"
# bases.
# In most applications, BASIS will be supplied. If (BASIS is supplied,
# the next three arguments are ignored.
# If (BASIS is an essential argument, and there no default value. But
# see function MAKE.BASIS for a simplified technique for defining this
# basis. For example, function call
# MAKE.BASIS([0,12], 7, 1)
# could be used for the monthly temperature/precipitation data to define
# a "fourier" basis over an interval of 12 months containing 7 basis
# functions (the 3rd argument species the basis to be periodic.)
# This argument is necessary, and there is no default value.
#
# The following arguments are optional:
#
# NDERIV ... A non-negative integer specifying the order of derivative
# whose dim is to be controlled by the roughness penalty
# LAMBDA \int [D^NDERIV x(t)]^2 dt
# NDERIV may also be the string "h", in which the harmonic acceleration
# operator is set up with period equal to the range specified in
# BASISOBJ.
# The default value is 4.
#
# LAMBDA ... A nonegative real number specifying the weight placed on
# the dim of the derivative.
# The default value is 0.0.
#
# FDNAMES ... A list object of length 3 with each entry containing a
# single string specifying a name for a dimension of Y.
# 1. argument domain, such as the string "Time"
# 2. replications or cases
# 3. variables
# For example, for the daily temperature data,
# fdnames[[1]] = "Day"
# fdnames[[2]] = "Station"
# fdnames[[3]] = "Temperature (deg C)"
# By default, the string "time", "reps" and "values" are used.
#
# These optional arguments can be supplied in two ways:
# 1. If (only a fourth argument is supplied, and it is a list object,
# then it is taken to be FDNAMES. In this case, no roughness
# penalty will be used. This is the argument sequence in the
# original release of this function. On the other hand, if (it is
# a non-negative integer, then it is taken to be NDERIV and
# LAMBDA and FDNAMES are set to their default values
# 2. Up to three arguments are supplied, and are assumed to be in the
# order that follows: first NDERIV, second LAMBDA, and third FDNAMES.
# If (any argument is to be set to its default value, but a following
# argument is required, it"s position should be filled by the empty object []
#
# DATA2FD Returns these objects:
#
# FDOBJ ... A functional data object containing the curves that fit the
# data in a least squares sense.
# DF ... A real number specifying the equivalent of degrees of freedom
# for the fitted curves.
# GCV ... N values of the GCV criterion associated with the fit, one
# value per replication. SUM(GCV) can be used as a selector of the
# value of LAMBDA by searching for its minimum.
# COEF: ... The array of coefficients for the expansions of the fitted
# curves. The first dimension corresponds to the basis functions, the
# second dimension to the replications, and the third dimension if (
# required to the variables for a multivariate functional data object.
# That is, it is an NBASIS by N (by NVAR) matrix or array.
# SSE ... N values of the stop sum of squares.
#
# DATA2FD is intended for more casual smoothing not requiring a great deal
# sophistication in defining the functional data object. It uses
# function SMOOTH.BASIS to compute the functional data object. Indeed,
# in the simplest and most common situation, DATA2FD smooths data
# by ordinary least squares regression.
# However, for more advanced applications requiring more smoothing
# control than is possible by setting the number of basis functions in
# BASIS, function SMOOTH.BASIS should be used. Or, alternatively,
# DATA2FD may first be used with a generous number of basis functions,
# followed by smoothing using function SMOOTH.FD.
# Tests have now been installed to detect that Y and ARGVALS have been
# supplied in reverse order, so that users can employ the same order as
# that used in the other smoothing functions, namely ARGVALS before Y.
# Last modified: 2008.08.16 by Spencer Graves
# previously modified 23 July 2008
argChk <- argvalsy.swap(argvals, y, basisobj)
# Change proposed by Spencer Graves 2010.12.08
# if(is.null(lambda))
# lambda <- 1e-9*sd(argChk$y)/diff(range(argChk$argvals))
#
smBasis <- with(argChk, smooth.basisPar(argvals=argvals, y=y,
fdobj=basisobj, Lfdobj=nderiv, lambda=lambda,
fdnames=fdnames,
covariates=covariates, method="chol", dfscale=dfscale) )
#
smBasis$fd
}
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