bg: Set up Background

In rgl: 3D Visualization Using OpenGL

Description

Set up the background of the scene.

Usage

bg3d(...) 
rgl.bg( sphere = FALSE, fogtype = "none", color = c("black", "white"), 
	back = "lines", fogScale = 1, ...)

Arguments

fogtype	fog type: "none" no fog "linear" linear fog function "exp" exponential fog function "exp2" squared exponential fog function Fog only applies to objects with material3d property fog set to TRUE.
sphere	logical, if true, an environmental sphere geometry is used for the background decoration.
color	Primary color is used for background clearing and as fog color. Secondary color is used for background sphere geometry. See material3d for details.
back	Specifies the fill style of the sphere geometry. See material3d for details.
fogScale	Scaling for fog. See Details.
...	Material properties. See material3d for details.

Details

If sphere is set to TRUE, an environmental sphere enclosing the whole scene is drawn.

If not, but the material properties include a bitmap as a texture, the bitmap is drawn in the background of the scene. (The bitmap colors modify the general color setting.)

If neither a sphere nor a bitmap background is drawn, the background is filled with a solid color.

The fogScale parameter should be a positive value to change the density of the fog in the plot. For fogtype = "linear" it multiplies the density of the fog; for the exponential fog types it multiplies the density parameter used in the display.

See the OpenGL 2.1 reference for the formulas used in the fog calculations within R (though the "exp2" formula appears to be wrong, at least on my system). In WebGL displays, the following rules are used. They appear to match the rules used in R on my system.

• For "linear" fog, the near clipping plane is taken as c=0, and the far clipping plane is taken as c=1. The amount of fog is s * c clamped to a 0 to 1 range, where s = fogScale.

• For "exp" and "exp2" fog, the observer location is negative at a distance depending on the field of view. The formula for the distance is

  c = [1-sin(theta)]/[1 + sin(theta)]

  where theta = FOV/2. We calculate

  c' = d(1-c) + c

  so c' runs from 0 at the observer to 1 at the far clipping plane.

• For "exp" fog, the amount of fog is 1 - exp(-s * c').

• For "exp2" fog, the amount of fog is 1 - exp[-(s * c')^2].

See Also

material3d, bgplot3d to add a 2D plot as background.

Examples

  open3d()
  
  # a simple white background
  
  bg3d("white")

  # the holo-globe (inspired by star trek):

  bg3d(sphere = TRUE, color = c("black", "green"), lit = FALSE, back = "lines" )

  # an environmental sphere with a nice texture.

  bg3d(sphere = TRUE, texture = system.file("textures/sunsleep.png", package = "rgl"), 
         back = "filled" )
         
  # The same texture as a fixed background
  
  open3d()
  bg3d(texture = system.file("textures/sunsleep.png", package = "rgl"), col = "white")

Example output

Warning messages:
1: In rgl.init(initValue, onlyNULL) : RGL: unable to open X11 display
2: 'rgl.init' failed, running with 'rgl.useNULL = TRUE'. 
null 
   1 
null 
   2 

rgl documentation built on Feb. 1, 2021, 3:01 a.m.