Nothing
get_conformal_score <- function(x, score) {
response_name <- insight::find_response(attr(x, "model"))
response <- x[[response_name]]
if (!is.numeric(response) && score != "softmax") {
insight::format_error('The response must be numeric. Did you want to use `conformal_score="softmax"`?')
}
if (score == "residual_abs") {
out <- abs(response - x$estimate)
} else if (score == "residual_sq") {
out <- (response - x$estimate)^2
} else if(score == "softmax") {
model <- attr(x, "model")
response <- x[[insight::find_response(model)]]
if (is.numeric(response) && is_binary(response)) {
# See p.4 of Angelopoulos, Anastasios N., and Stephen Bates. 2022. “A
# Gentle Introduction to Conformal Prediction and Distribution-Free
# Uncertainty Quantification.” arXiv.
# https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2107.07511.
# 1 minus the softmax output of the true class
out <- ifelse(response == 1, 1 - x$estimate, x$estimate)
} else if ("group" %in% colnames(x)) {
# HACK: is this fragile? I think `group` should always be character.
idx <- as.character(response) == as.character(x$group)
out <- 1 - x$estimate[idx]
} else {
insight::format_error("Failed to compute the conformity score.")
}
}
return(out)
}
get_conformal_bounds <- function(x, score, conf_level) {
model <- attr(x, "model")
response_name <- insight::find_response(model)
response <- x[[response_name]]
d <- min(score[score > stats::quantile(score, probs = conf_level)])
if ("group" %in% colnames(x)) {
q <- stats::quantile(score, probs = (length(score) + 1) * conf_level / length(score))
out <- x[x$estimate > (1 - q),]
data.table::setDT(out)
out <- out[, .(pred.set = list(unique(group))), by = c("rowid", response_name)]
setorder(out, rowid)
data.table::setDF(out)
class(out) <- c("predictions", class(out))
attr(out, "variables_datagrid") <- response_name
return(out)
} else {
# continuous outcome: conformity half-width
x$pred.low <- x$estimate - d
x$pred.high <- x$estimate + d
}
return(x)
}
conformal_split <- function(x, test, calibration, score, conf_level, ...) {
# calibration
# use original model---fitted on the training set---to make predictions in the calibration set
# p_calib is the `predictions()` call, which we re-evaluate on newdata=calibration
p_calib <- attr(x, "call")
p_calib[["newdata"]] <- calibration
p_calib[["vcov"]] <- FALSE # faster
p_calib <- eval(p_calib)
score <- get_conformal_score(p_calib, score = score)
# test
# use original model to make predictions in the test set
p_test <- attr(x, "call")
p_test[["newdata"]] <- test
p_test <- eval(p_test)
# bounds
out <- get_conformal_bounds(p_test, score = score, conf_level = conf_level)
return(out)
}
conformal_cv_plus <- function(x, test, R, score, conf_level, ...) {
# cross-validation
train <- get_modeldata(attr(x, "model"))
idx <- sample(seq_len(nrow(train)), nrow(train))
idx <- split(idx, ceiling(seq_along(idx) / (length(idx) / R)))
scores <- NULL
for (i in idx) {
data_cv <- train[-i,]
# re-fit the original model on training sets withholding the CV fold
model_cv <- stats::update(attr(x, "model"), data = data_cv)
# use the updated model to make out-of-fold predictions
# call_cv is the `predictions()` call, which we re-evaluate in-fold: newdata=train[i,]
call_cv <- attr(x, "call")
call_cv[["model"]] <- model_cv
call_cv[["newdata"]] <- train[i,]
call_cv[["vcov"]] <- FALSE # faster
pred_cv <- eval(call_cv)
# save the scores form each fold
scores <- c(scores, get_conformal_score(pred_cv, score = score))
}
# test
out <- attr(x, "call")
out[["newdata"]] <- test
out <- eval(out)
# bounds
out <- get_conformal_bounds(out, score = scores, conf_level = conf_level)
return(out)
}
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