update_rates: Calculates algorithm rates
In joshwlambert/DAISIEsim:

Internal function that updates the all the rates and max extinction horizon at time t.

update_rates(timeval, totaltime, gam, mu, laa, lac, Apars = NULL,
  Epars = NULL, divdep = divdep, island_ontogeny = NULL,
  sea_level = sea_level, extcutoff, K, island_spec, mainland_n,
  t_hor = NULL)

`timeval`	A numeric with the current time of simulation
`totaltime`	A numeric with the total time of simulation
`gam`	A numeric with the per capita immigration rate
`mu`	A numeric with the per capita extinction rate in no ontogeny model
`laa`	A numeric with the per capita anagenesis rate
`lac`	A numeric with the per capita cladogenesis rate
`Apars`	A named list containing area parameters as created by create_area_params: [1]: maximum area [2]: value from 0 to 1 indicating where in the island's history the peak area is achieved [3]: sharpness of peak [4]: total island age
`Epars`	A numeric vector: [1]: minimum extinction when area is at peak [2]: extinction rate when current area is 0.10 of maximum area
`island_ontogeny`	A string describing the type of island ontogeny. Can be `NULL`, `"beta"` for a beta function describing area through time, or `"linear"` for a linear function
`extcutoff`	A numeric with the cutoff for extinction rate preventing it from being too large and slowing down simulation. Should be big.
`K`	A numeric with K (clade-specific carrying capacity)
`island_spec`	A matrix containing state of system
`mainland_n`	A numeirc with the total number of species present in the mainland
`t_hor`	A numeric with the time of horizon for max cladogenesis, immigration and minimum extinction