Description Usage Arguments Details Value Note Author(s) References See Also Examples
Hierarchical modelling of species community. hmscH
is designed to model a community with habitat characteristics only whereas hmscHT
also uses species traits to construct the model.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 | ## S3 method for class 'formula'
hmscH(formula, data, start, priors = NULL, niter = 12000, nburn = 2000, nrot = 100, thin=1, likelihoodtype = "logit", details = TRUE, verbose=TRUE, ...)
## S3 method for class 'HMSCdata'
hmscH(data, start, priors = NULL, niter = 12000, nburn = 2000, nrot = 100, thin=1, likelihoodtype = "logit",spAsso = FALSE, details = TRUE, verbose=TRUE, ...)
## S3 method for class 'HMSCdata'
hmscHT(data, start, priors = NULL, niter = 12000, nburn = 2000, nrot = 100, thin=1, likelihoodtype = "logit", details = TRUE, verbose=TRUE, ...)
|
formula |
Model formula. The left side presents the response matrix and the right side gives the descriptors with their parameters. (See details) |
data |
Object of class HMSCdata. |
start |
Object of class HMSCparam. |
priors |
Object of class HMSCprior. |
niter |
A positive integer defining the number of iterations to be carried out. Default is 12000. |
nburn |
Numeric. A positive integer defining the number of iterations to be used in the burning (first) phase of the algorithm. Default is 2000. |
nrot |
Numeric. A positive integer defining the number of iterations that needs to be carried out before eigenvector rotation is performed. |
thin |
Numeric. A positive integer defining thinning. Default is 1, that is all values are considered. (see details) |
likelihoodtype |
Character string defining how the likelihood should be calculated. Any unambiguous variation of wording used in this argument is accepted. (See details) |
spAsso |
Logical. Whether species association should be estimated (TRUE) or not (FALSE). |
details |
Logical. Whether detailed information about the burning, the accept ratio, and the standard deviation should be given. Default is TRUE. |
verbose |
Logical. Whether a counter printing on the screen how many iterations have been performed so far is used or not. Default is TRUE. |
... |
Parameters passed to other functions. |
For the user the main difference between hmscH
and hmscHT
is within the data
and start
arguments.
The formula
was designed so that it is necessary to include the parameters and the descriptors. This function is thus capable of carrying out non-linear analyses (although the current implement is far from being very efficient).
When building a model for the first time, the parameters provided in start
can be randomly generated using rnorm[stats]
, as it is shown in the examples. However, nothing prevents the user to predefine the starting values so that the function can more quickly converge to optimal set of parameters.
When thinning, the value given to thin
means that all but the k^th values will be considered.
Currently, the following likelihood have been implemented:
- logit
: Binomial likelihood using a logit link function
- poisson
: Poisson likelihood using a log link function
model |
List with the following items:
|
burning |
List with the following items :
|
details |
This part of the result is only available when the argument
|
data |
An object of class |
These functions are essentially glorified for loops using scamH
or scamHT
and/or scamRandom
, repetitively.
F. Guillaume Blanchet
Ovaskainen, O. and Soininen, J. (2011) Making more out of sparse data: hierarchical modeling of species communities. Ecology 92, 289-295.
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### Simulating data
#==================
desc<-cbind(1,scale(1:50),scale(1:50)^2)
nspecies<-20
dataBase<-communitySimulH(desc,nsp=nspecies)
#=================================
### Formatting data and parameters
#=================================
formdata<-as.HMSCdata(dataBase$data$Y,desc,Ypattern="sp",interceptX=FALSE,interceptTr=FALSE)
#========================
### Formatting parameters
#========================
startParamX<-matrix(rnorm(nspecies*ncol(desc)),nrow=nspecies,ncol=ncol(desc))
startMean<-rnorm(ncol(desc))
startSigma<-rWishart(1,ncol(desc)+1,diag(ncol(desc)))[,,1]
formparam<-as.HMSCparam(formdata,paramX=startParamX,means=startMean,sigma=startSigma)
formpriors<-as.HMSCprior(formparam,rep(0,length(formparam$means)),0,length(formparam$means),diag(length(formparam$means)))
#=============================================================================================================
### Building model using a linear modelling approach (currently 2000 iterations takes about 50 seconds to run)
#=============================================================================================================
system.time(
modelLinear<-hmscH(formdata,formparam,formpriors,niter=200,nburn=100)
)
#=============================================================================================================
### Building model using a formula modelling approach (currently 2000 iterations takes about 2 minutes to run)
#=============================================================================================================
formule<-sp~p1*x1+p2*x2+p3*x3
system.time(
modelFormula<-hmscH(formule,formdata,formparam,formpriors,niter=200,nburn=100)
)
#===============
### Some results
#===============
### Linear model
summaryLin<-summary(modelLinear)
summaryLin[1:5,1:5,]
### Formula model
summaryForm<-summary(modelFormula)
summaryForm[1:5,1:5,]
#------------------------------
### Draw model from modelLinear
#------------------------------
par(mfrow=c(5,4),mar=c(1,3,2,1))
for(i in 1:20){
plot(summaryLin[,i,1],type="l",ylim=c(0,1),las=1,lwd=3,xaxt="n",col="red")
title(paste("Species",i))
lines(summaryLin[,i,3],col="red",lwd=1)
lines(summaryLin[,i,5],col="red",lwd=1)
lines(dataBase$probMat[,i],col="black",lwd=3)
}
#-------------------------------
### Draw model from modelFormula
#-------------------------------
dev.new()
par(mfrow=c(5,4),mar=c(1,3,2,1))
for(i in 1:20){
plot(summaryForm[,i,1],type="l",ylim=c(0,1),las=1,lwd=3,xaxt="n",col="red")
title(paste("Species",i))
lines(summaryForm[,i,3],col="red",lwd=1)
lines(summaryForm[,i,5],col="red",lwd=1)
lines(dataBase$probMat[,i],col="black",lwd=3)
}
#------------------
### Mixing - Linear
#------------------
#___________________
#### Community Sigma
#___________________
par(mfrow=c(3,3),mar=c(1,4,3,1))
for(i in 1:3){
for(j in 1:3){
mixing(modelLinear,toplot="sigma",param=c(i,j),col="red",xlab="Sites",ylab="Sigma",ylim=range(c(modelLinear$model$sigma[i,j,],dataBase$param$sigma[i,j])),las=1)
abline(h=dataBase$param$sigma[i,j],col="red",lwd=3)
title(paste("Community Sigma",i,"-",j))
}
}
#__________________
### Community means
#__________________
par(mfrow=c(1,1),mar=c(5,4,4,2))
mixing(modelLinear,toplot="means",param=1,ylim=range(rbind(modelLinear$model$means,dataBase$param$means)),xlab="Sites",ylab="Means",las=1)
title("Community means")
mixing(modelLinear,toplot="means",param=2,add=TRUE,col="blue",xlab="Sites",ylab="Means",las=1)
mixing(modelLinear,toplot="means",param=3,add=TRUE,col="red",xlab="Sites",ylab="Means",las=1)
abline(h=dataBase$param$means,col=c("black","blue","red"),lwd=3)
#_____________________________
### Parameter for each species
#_____________________________
par(mfrow=c(5,4),mar=c(1,4,2,1))
for(i in 1:20){
mixing(modelLinear,toplot="paramX",param=c(i,1),ylim=range(cbind(modelLinear$model$paramX[i,,],dataBase$param$paramX[i,])),xlab="Sites",ylab="paramX",las=1,xaxt="n")
title(paste("Species",i))
mixing(modelLinear,toplot="paramX",param=c(i,2),add=TRUE,col="blue")
mixing(modelLinear,toplot="paramX",param=c(i,3),add=TRUE,col="red")
abline(h=dataBase$param$paramX[i,],col=c("black","blue","red"),lwd=3)
}
#------------------------------------------
### Check the distribution of the posterior
#------------------------------------------
#__________________
### Community means
#__________________
pairs(modelLinear$model$means,asp=1,pch=19,cex=0.2)
#-------------------
### Mixing - Formula
#-------------------
#___________________
#### Community Sigma
#___________________
par(mfrow=c(3,3),mar=c(1,3,3,1))
for(i in 1:3){
for(j in 1:3){
mixing(modelFormula,toplot="sigma",param=c(i,j),col="red",xlab="Sites",ylab="Sigma",ylim=range(c(modelFormula$model$sigma[i,j,],dataBase$param$sigma[i,j])),las=1)
abline(h=dataBase$param$sigma[i,j],col="red",lwd=3)
title(paste("Community Sigma",i,"-",j))
}
}
#__________________
### Community means
#__________________
par(mfrow=c(1,1),mar=c(5,4,4,2))
mixing(modelFormula,toplot="means",param=1,ylim=range(rbind(modelFormula$model$means,dataBase$param$means)),xlab="Sites",ylab="Means",las=1)
title("Community means")
mixing(modelFormula,toplot="means",param=2,add=TRUE,col="blue",xlab="Sites",ylab="Means",las=1)
mixing(modelFormula,toplot="means",param=3,add=TRUE,col="red",xlab="Sites",ylab="Means",las=1)
abline(h=dataBase$param$means,col=c("black","blue","red"),lwd=3)
#_____________________________
### Parameter for each species
#_____________________________
par(mfrow=c(5,4),mar=c(1,3,2,1))
for(i in 1:20){
mixing(modelFormula,toplot="paramX",param=c(i,1),ylim=range(cbind(modelFormula$model$paramX[i,,],dataBase$param$param[i,])),xlab="Sites",ylab="param",las=1,xaxt="n")
title(paste("Species",i))
mixing(modelFormula,toplot="paramX",param=c(i,2),add=TRUE,col="blue")
mixing(modelFormula,toplot="paramX",param=c(i,3),add=TRUE,col="red")
abline(h=dataBase$param$param[i,],col=c("black","blue","red"),lwd=3)
}
#------------------------------------------
### Check the distribution of the posterior
#------------------------------------------
#__________________
### Community means
#__________________
pairs(modelFormula$model$means,asp=1,pch=19,cex=0.2)
########################
### Example using Traits
########################
#==============================
### Simulating data with traits
#==============================
desc <- cbind(1,scale(1:50),scale(1:50)^2)
trait <- rbind(1,1:20/5)
dataTrait<-communitySimulHT(desc,trait)
#=================================
### Formatting data and parameters
#=================================
formdata<-as.HMSCdata(dataTrait$data$Y,desc,trait,Ypattern="sp",interceptX=FALSE,interceptTr=FALSE)
#========================
### Formatting parameters
#========================
startParamX<-matrix(rnorm(nrow(trait)*ncol(desc)),nrow=ncol(dataTrait$data$Y),ncol=ncol(desc))
startParamTr<-matrix(rnorm(ncol(trait)*ncol(desc)),nrow=ncol(desc),ncol=nrow(trait))
startSigma<-rWishart(1,ncol(desc)+1,diag(ncol(desc)))[,,1]
formparam<-as.HMSCparam(formdata,paramX=startParamX,paramTr=startParamTr,sigma=startSigma)
formpriors<-as.HMSCprior(formparam,kappa0=0,nu0=length(formparam$means),Lambda0=diag(nrow(formparam$sigma)))
#=============================================================================================================
### Building model using a linear modelling approach (currently 2000 iterations takes about 50 seconds to run)
#=============================================================================================================
system.time(
modelTraits<-hmscHT(formdata,formparam,formpriors,niter=200,nburn=100)
)
### Traits model
summaryTraits<-summary(modelTraits)
summaryTraits[1:5,1:5,]
#------------------
### Mixing - Traits
#------------------
#___________________
#### Community Sigma
#___________________
par(mfrow=c(3,3),mar=c(1,3,3,1))
for(i in 1:3){
for(j in 1:3){
mixing(modelTraits,toplot="sigma",param=c(i,j),col="red",xlab="Sites",ylab="Sigma",ylim=range(c(modelTraits$model$sigma[i,j,],dataTrait$param$sigma[i,j])),las=1)
abline(h=dataTrait$param$sigma[i,j],col="red",lwd=3)
title(paste("Community Sigma",i,"-",j))
}
}
#__________________
### Community means
#__________________
par(mfrow=c(5,4),mar=c(1,4,2,1))
for(i in 1:20){
mixing(modelTraits,toplot="means",param=c(1,i),ylim=range(cbind(modelTraits$model$means[,i,],dataTrait$param$means[,i])),xlab="Sites",ylab="means",las=1,xaxt="n")
title(paste("Species",i))
mixing(modelTraits,toplot="means",param=c(2,i),add=TRUE,col="blue")
mixing(modelTraits,toplot="means",param=c(3,i),add=TRUE,col="red")
abline(h=dataTrait$param$means[,i],col=c("black","blue","red"),lwd=3)
}
#_____________________________
### Parameter for each species
#_____________________________
par(mfrow=c(5,4),mar=c(1,4,2,1))
for(i in 1:20){
mixing(modelTraits,toplot="paramX",param=c(i,1),ylim=range(cbind(modelTraits$model$paramX[i,,],dataTrait$param$paramX[i,])),xlab="Sites",ylab="paramX",las=1,xaxt="n")
title(paste("Species",i))
mixing(modelTraits,toplot="paramX",param=c(i,2),add=TRUE,col="blue")
mixing(modelTraits,toplot="paramX",param=c(i,3),add=TRUE,col="red")
abline(h=dataTrait$param$paramX[i,],col=c("black","blue","red"),lwd=3)
}
#____________________________
### Parameter for each traits
#____________________________
par(mfrow=c(3,1),mar=c(1,4,2,1))
for(i in 1:3){
mixing(modelTraits,toplot="paramTr",param=c(i,1),ylim=range(cbind(modelTraits$model$paramTr[i,,],dataTrait$param$paramTr[i,])),xlab="Sites",ylab="paramTr",las=1,xaxt="n")
title(paste("Habitat",i))
mixing(modelTraits,toplot="paramTr",param=c(i,2),add=TRUE,col="blue")
abline(h=dataTrait$param$paramTr[i,],col=c("black","blue"),lwd=3)
}
#------------------------------
### Draw model from modelTraits
#------------------------------
par(mfrow=c(5,4),mar=c(1,3,2,1))
for(i in 1:20){
plot(summaryTraits[,i,1],type="l",ylim=c(0,1),las=1,lwd=3,xaxt="n",col="red")
title(paste("Species",i))
lines(summaryTraits[,i,3],col="red",lwd=1)
lines(summaryTraits[,i,5],col="red",lwd=1)
lines(dataTrait$probMat[,i],col="black",lwd=3)
}
#################################
### Example using a Random effect
#################################
#==============================
### Simulating data with traits
#==============================
desc <- cbind(1,scale(1:50),scale(1:50)^2)
arbi<-as.factor(c(1,rep(1:3,each=16),3))
dataRandom<-communitySimulH(desc,Random=arbi,nsp=20)
#=================================
### Formatting data and parameters
#=================================
formdata<-as.HMSCdata(dataRandom$data$Y,desc,Random=arbi,Ypattern="sp",interceptX=FALSE,scaleX=FALSE)
#========================
### Formatting parameters
#========================
startParamX<-matrix(rnorm(ncol(dataRandom$data$Y)*ncol(desc)),nrow=ncol(dataRandom$data$Y),ncol=ncol(desc))
startSigma<-rWishart(1,ncol(desc)+1,diag(ncol(desc)))[,,1]
startRandom<-matrix(rnorm(ncol(dataRandom$data$Y)*nlevels(arbi)),nrow=ncol(dataRandom$data$Y),ncol=nlevels(arbi))
startMean<-rnorm(ncol(desc))
formparam<-as.HMSCparam(formdata,paramX=startParamX,paramRandom=startRandom,means=startMean,sigma=startSigma,RandomVar=dataRandom$param$RandomCommSp+1,RandomCommSp=dataRandom$param$RandomCommSp)
#============================================================================
### Building model (currently 2000 iterations takes about 2.5 minutes to run)
#============================================================================
system.time(
modelRandom<-hmscH(formdata,formparam,niter=200,nburn=100)
)
### Traits model
summaryRandom<-summary(modelRandom)
summaryRandom[1:5,1:5,]
#------------------
### Mixing - Random
#------------------
#___________________
#### Community Sigma
#___________________
par(mfrow=c(3,3),mar=c(1,3,3,1))
for(i in 1:3){
for(j in 1:3){
mixing(modelRandom,toplot="sigma",param=c(i,j),col="red",xlab="Sites",ylab="Sigma",ylim=range(c(modelRandom$model$sigma[i,j,],dataRandom$param$sigma[i,j])),las=1)
abline(h=dataRandom$param$sigma[i,j],col="red",lwd=3)
title(paste("Community Sigma",i,"-",j))
}
}
#__________________
### Community means
#__________________
par(mfrow=c(3,1),mar=c(1,4,2,1))
for(i in 1:3){
mixing(modelRandom,toplot="means",param=i,col="red",ylim=range(cbind(modelRandom$model$means[,i],dataRandom$param$means[i])),xlab="Sites",ylab="means",las=1,xaxt="n")
abline(h=dataRandom$param$means[i],col="red",lwd=3)
}
#__________________________________
### Parameter of X for each species
#__________________________________
par(mfrow=c(5,4),mar=c(1,4,2,1))
for(i in 1:20){
mixing(modelRandom,toplot="paramX",param=c(i,1),ylim=range(cbind(modelRandom$model$paramX[i,,],dataRandom$param$paramX[i,])),xlab="Sites",ylab="paramX",las=1,xaxt="n")
title(paste("Species",i))
mixing(modelRandom,toplot="paramX",param=c(i,2),add=TRUE,col="blue")
mixing(modelRandom,toplot="paramX",param=c(i,3),add=TRUE,col="red")
abline(h=dataRandom$param$paramX[i,],col=c("black","blue","red"),lwd=3)
}
#_________________________________________________
### Parameter for each levels of the Random effect
#_________________________________________________
par(mfrow=c(5,4),mar=c(1,4,2,1))
for(i in 1:20){
mixing(modelRandom,toplot="paramRandom",param=c(i,1),ylim=range(cbind(modelRandom$model$paramRandom[i,,],dataRandom$param$paramRandom[i,])),xlab="Sites",ylab="paramRandom",las=1,xaxt="n")
title(paste("Species",i))
mixing(modelRandom,toplot="paramRandom",param=c(i,2),add=TRUE,col="blue")
mixing(modelRandom,toplot="paramRandom",param=c(i,3),add=TRUE,col="red")
abline(h=dataRandom$param$paramRandom[i,],col=c("black","blue","red"),lwd=3)
}
#________________________________
### Variance of the Random effect
#________________________________
par(mfrow=c(1,1),mar=c(1,4,2,1))
mixing(modelRandom,toplot="RandomVar",param=i,col="red",ylim=range(c(modelRandom$model$RandomVar,dataRandom$param$RandomVar)),xlab="Sites",ylab="RandomVar",las=1,xaxt="n")
abline(h=dataRandom$param$RandomVar,col="red",lwd=3)
#------------------------------
### Draw model from modelRandom
#------------------------------
par(mfrow=c(5,4),mar=c(1,3,2,1))
for(i in 1:20){
plot(summaryRandom[,i,1],type="l",ylim=c(0,1),las=1,lwd=3,xaxt="n",col="red")
title(paste("Species",i))
lines(summaryRandom[,i,3],col="red",lwd=1)
lines(summaryRandom[,i,5],col="red",lwd=1)
lines(dataRandom$probMat[,i],col="black",lwd=3)
}
##########################################
### Example using Traits and Random effect
##########################################
#==============================
### Simulating data with traits
#==============================
desc <- cbind(1,scale(1:50),scale(1:50)^2)
arbi<-as.factor(c(1,rep(1:3,each=16),3))
trait <- rbind(1,1:20/5)
dataTraitsRandom<-communitySimulHT(desc,trait,Random=arbi)
#=================================
### Formatting data and parameters
#=================================
formdata<-as.HMSCdata(dataTraitsRandom$data$Y,desc,trait,Random=arbi,Ypattern="sp",interceptX=FALSE,interceptTr=FALSE)
#========================
### Formatting parameters
#========================
startParamX<-matrix(rnorm(nrow(trait)*ncol(desc)),nrow=ncol(dataTraitsRandom$data$Y),ncol=ncol(desc))
startParamTr<-matrix(rnorm(ncol(trait)*ncol(desc)),nrow=ncol(desc),ncol=nrow(trait))
startSigma<-rWishart(1,ncol(desc)+1,diag(ncol(desc)))[,,1]
startRandom<-matrix(rnorm(ncol(dataTraitsRandom$data$Y)*nlevels(arbi)),nrow=ncol(dataTraitsRandom$data$Y),ncol=nlevels(arbi))
formparam<-as.HMSCparam(formdata,paramX=startParamX,paramRandom=startRandom,paramTr=startParamTr,sigma=startSigma,RandomVar=dataTraitsRandom$param$RandomVar,RandomCommSp=dataTraitsRandom$param$RandomCommSp)
#=============================================================================================================
### Building model using a linear modelling approach (currently 2000 iterations takes about 50 seconds to run)
#=============================================================================================================
system.time(
modelTraitsRandom<-hmscHT(formdata,formparam,niter=200,nburn=100)
)
### Traits model
summaryTraitsRandom<-summary(modelTraitsRandom)
summaryTraitsRandom[1:5,1:5,]
#-------------------------
### Mixing - Traits Random
#-------------------------
#___________________
#### Community Sigma
#___________________
par(mfrow=c(3,3),mar=c(1,3,3,1))
for(i in 1:3){
for(j in 1:3){
mixing(modelTraitsRandom,toplot="sigma",param=c(i,j),col="red",xlab="Sites",ylab="Sigma",ylim=range(c(modelTraitsRandom$model$sigma[i,j,],dataTraitsRandom$param$sigma[i,j])),las=1)
abline(h=dataTraitsRandom$param$sigma[i,j],col="red",lwd=3)
title(paste("Community Sigma",i,"-",j))
}
}
#__________________
### Community means
#__________________
par(mfrow=c(5,4),mar=c(1,4,2,1))
for(i in 1:20){
mixing(modelTraitsRandom,toplot="means",param=c(1,i),ylim=range(cbind(modelTraitsRandom$model$means[,i,],dataTraitsRandom$param$means[,i])),xlab="Sites",ylab="means",las=1,xaxt="n")
title(paste("Species",i))
mixing(modelTraitsRandom,toplot="means",param=c(2,i),add=TRUE,col="blue")
mixing(modelTraitsRandom,toplot="means",param=c(3,i),add=TRUE,col="red")
abline(h=dataTraitsRandom$param$means[,i],col=c("black","blue","red"),lwd=3)
}
#__________________________________
### Parameter of X for each species
#__________________________________
par(mfrow=c(5,4),mar=c(1,4,2,1))
for(i in 1:20){
mixing(modelTraitsRandom,toplot="paramX",param=c(i,1),ylim=range(cbind(modelTraitsRandom$model$paramX[i,,],dataTraitsRandom$param$paramX[i,])),xlab="Sites",ylab="paramX",las=1,xaxt="n")
title(paste("Species",i))
mixing(modelTraitsRandom,toplot="paramX",param=c(i,2),add=TRUE,col="blue")
mixing(modelTraitsRandom,toplot="paramX",param=c(i,3),add=TRUE,col="red")
abline(h=dataTraitsRandom$param$paramX[i,],col=c("black","blue","red"),lwd=3)
}
#____________________________
### Parameter for each traits
#____________________________
par(mfrow=c(3,1),mar=c(1,4,2,1))
for(i in 1:3){
mixing(modelTraitsRandom,toplot="paramTr",param=c(i,1),ylim=range(cbind(modelTraitsRandom$model$paramTr[i,,],dataTraitsRandom$param$paramTr[i,])),xlab="Sites",ylab="paramTr",las=1,xaxt="n")
title(paste("Habitat",i))
mixing(modelTraitsRandom,toplot="paramTr",param=c(i,2),add=TRUE,col="blue")
abline(h=dataTraitsRandom$param$paramTr[i,],col=c("black","blue"),lwd=3)
}
#------------------------------------
### Draw model from modelTraitsRandom
#------------------------------------
par(mfrow=c(5,4),mar=c(1,3,2,1))
for(i in 1:20){
plot(summaryTraitsRandom[,i,1],type="l",ylim=c(0,1),las=1,lwd=3,xaxt="n",col="red")
title(paste("Species",i))
lines(summaryTraitsRandom[,i,3],col="red",lwd=1)
lines(summaryTraitsRandom[,i,5],col="red",lwd=1)
lines(dataTraitsRandom$probMat[,i],col="black",lwd=3)
}
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