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#' @name phaseDiagram4S
#' @title Phase Diagram for two-player games with four strategies
#' @description Plots phase diagram of a game with two players and four
#' strategies.
#' @aliases phaseDiagram4S
#' @export phaseDiagram4S
#' @author Daniel Gebele \email{dngebele@@gmail.com}
#' @param A Numeric matrix of size 4x4 representing the number of strategies of
#' a symmetric matrix game.
#' @param dynamic Function representing an evolutionary dynamic.
#' @param params Numeric vector with additional parameters for the evolutionary
#' dynamic.
#' @param trajectory Numeric vector of size 4 representing the initial value
#' for the trajectory to be examined.
#' @param strategies String vector of length 4 that names all strategies.
#' @param noRGL Logical value that handles diagram rotation. If
#' set to \code{FALSE}, diagram will be rotatable, otherwise not. Default
#' is \code{TRUE}.
#' @return None.
#' @examples
#' A <- matrix(c(5, -9, 6, 8, 20, 1, 2, -18, -14, 0, 2, 20, 13, 0, 4, -13),
#' 4, 4, byrow=TRUE)
#' state <- c(0.3, 0.2, 0.1, 0.4)
#' phaseDiagram4S(A, Replicator, NULL, state)
phaseDiagram4S <- function(A, dynamic, params = NULL, trajectory = NULL,
strategies = c("1", "2", "3", "4"), noRGL = TRUE) {
if(!is.matrix(A) || !is.numeric(A)) {
stop("A must be a numeric matrix.")
}
else if(nrow(A) != 4 || ncol(A) != 4) {
stop("A must be of size 4x4.")
}
else if(!is.null(params) && !is.numeric(params)){
stop("params must be numeric.")
}
else if(!is.numeric(trajectory)){
stop("trajectory must be a numeric vector.")
}
else if(length(trajectory) != 4){
stop("trajectory must be of length 4.")
}
else if(!is.null(strategies) && length(strategies) != 4) {
stop("Number of strategies does not match the number of columns of A.")
}
# group all parameters
parameters <- as.vector(A)
if(!is.null(params)) {
p <- as.vector(params)
parameters <- c(parameters, p)
}
times <- seq(0, 100, by = 0.01)
# create trajectory
out <- deSolve::ode(y = trajectory, times = times, func = dynamic,
parms = parameters)
odeData <- out[, -1]
# create rotatable diagram
if(!noRGL) {
if (requireNamespace("rgl", quietly = TRUE)) {
x <- c(0, 0, 1, 1)
y <- c(0, 1, 1, 0)
z <- c(0, 1, 0, 1)
for(i in 1:length(x)) {
n <- setdiff(1:length(x), i)
rgl::triangles3d(x[n], y[n], z[n], alpha = 0.5, col = "white")
rgl::rgl.texts(x[i], y[i], z[i], text = strategies[i], col = "black")
}
refSimp2 <- cbind(x, y, z)
odeData <- geometry::bary2cart(refSimp2, odeData)
rgl::rgl.points(odeData[,1], odeData[,2], odeData[,3], col = "black")
}
else{
print("Please install the package 'rgl' or do not overwrite default value 'noRGL = TRUE' ")
}
}
else {
refSimp <- cbind(c(0.5, 0.5, 0, 1), c(sqrt(3)/2, sqrt(3)/6, 0, 0))
# convert barycentric to cartesion coordinates
odeData <- geometry::bary2cart(refSimp, odeData)
odeData <- data.frame(x = odeData[, 1], y = odeData[, 2])
ids <- factor(c("1", "2", "3"))
id <- x <- y <- NULL
# build 3-simplex
coords <- data.frame(
id = rep(ids, each = 3),
x = c(refSimp[1, 1],
refSimp[2, 1],
refSimp[3, 1],
refSimp[2, 1],
refSimp[3, 1],
refSimp[4, 1],
refSimp[1, 1],
refSimp[2, 1],
refSimp[4, 1]),
y = c(refSimp[1, 2],
refSimp[2, 2],
refSimp[3, 2],
refSimp[2, 2],
refSimp[3, 2],
refSimp[4, 2],
refSimp[1, 2],
refSimp[2, 2],
refSimp[4, 2])
)
value <- NULL
vals <- data.frame(
id = ids,
value = c(0, 1, 2)
)
polyhData <- merge(coords, vals, by = c("id"))
# prepare edge point labels
labelsData <- data.frame(
x = c(refSimp[1, 1], refSimp[2, 1], refSimp[3, 1], refSimp[4, 1]),
y = c(refSimp[1, 2] + 0.04,
refSimp[2, 2] - 0.04,
refSimp[3, 2] - 0.04,
refSimp[4, 2] - 0.04)
)
# plot phase diagram
ggplot2::ggplot() +
ggplot2::geom_polygon(
data = polyhData,
ggplot2::aes(x = x, y = y, fill = value, group = id),
color="black",
size = 0.3
) +
ggplot2::geom_point(
data = odeData,
ggplot2::aes(x = x, y = y),
size = 0.1, shape = 16
) +
ggplot2::scale_fill_gradient(low = "white", high = "gray93") +
ggplot2::coord_fixed() +
ggplot2::theme_void() +
ggplot2::scale_x_continuous(limits = c(-0.2, 1.2)) +
ggplot2::guides(fill = FALSE) +
ggplot2::geom_text(
data = labelsData,
ggplot2::aes(x = x, y = y, label = strategies),
size = 3.5
)
}
}
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