ss.aipe.sc.ancova: Sample size planning from the AIPE perspective for...

In MBESS: The MBESS R Package

Sample size planning from the AIPE perspective for standardized ANCOVA contrasts

Description

Sample size planning from the accuracy in parameter estimation (AIPE) perspective for standardized ANCOVA contrasts.

Usage

ss.aipe.sc.ancova(Psi = NULL, sigma.anova = NULL, sigma.ancova = NULL,
psi = NULL, ratio = NULL, rho = NULL, divisor = "s.ancova", 
c.weights, width, conf.level = 0.95, assurance = NULL, ...)

Arguments

Psi	the population unstandardized ANCOVA (adjusted) contrast
sigma.anova	the population error standard deviation of the ANOVA model
sigma.ancova	the population error standard deviation of the ANCOVA model
psi	the population standardized ANCOVA (adjusted) contrast
ratio	the ratio of sigma.ancova over sigma.anova
rho	the population correlation coefficient between the response and the covariate
divisor	which error standard deviation to be used in standardizing the contrast; the value can be either "s.ancova" or "s.anova"
c.weights	contrast weights
width	the desired full width of the obtained confidence interval
conf.level	the desired confidence interval coverage, (i.e., 1 - Type I error rate)
assurance	parameter to ensure that the obtained confidence interval width is narrower than the desired width with a specified degree of certainty (must be NULL or between zero and unity)
...	allows one to potentially include parameter values for inner functions

Details

The sample size planning method this function is based on is developed in the context of simple (i.e., one-response-one-covariate) ANCOVA model and randomized design (i.e., same population covariate mean across groups).

An ANCOVA contrast can be standardized in at least two ways: (a) divided by the error standard deviation of the ANOVA model, (b) divided by the error standard deviation of the ANCOVA model. This function can be used to analyze both types of standardized ANCOVA contrasts.

Not all of the arguments about the effect sizes need to be specified. If divisor="s.ancova" is used in the argument, then input either (a) psi, or (b) Psi and s.ancova. If divisor="s.anova" is used in the argument, possible specifications are (a) Psi, s.ancova, and s.anova; (b) psi, and ratio; (c) psi, and rho.

Value

This function returns the sample size per group.

Note

When divisor="s.anova" and the argument assurance is specified, the necessary sample size per group returned by the function with assurance specified is slightly underestimated. The method to obtain exact sample size in the above situation has not been developed yet. A practical solution is to use the sample size returned as the starting value to conduct a priori Montre Carlo simulations with function ss.aipe.sc.ancova.sensitivity, as discussed in Lai & Kelley (under review).

Author(s)

Keke Lai (University of California–Merced)

References

Kelley, K. (2007). Constructing confidence intervals for standardized effect sizes: Theory, application, and implementation. Journal of Statistical Software, 20 (8), 1–24.

Kelley, K., & Rausch, J. R. (2006). Sample size planning for the standardized mean difference: Accuracy in Parameter Estimation via narrow confidence intervals. Psychological Methods, 11 (4), 363–385.

Lai, K., & Kelley, K. (2012). Accuracy in parameter estimation for ANCOVA and ANOVA contrasts: Sample size planning via narrow confidence intervals. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 65, 350–370.

Steiger, J. H., & Fouladi, R. T. (1997). Noncentrality interval estimation and the evaluation of statistical methods. In L. L. Harlow, S. A. Mulaik, & J.H. Steiger (Eds.), What if there were no significance tests? (pp. 221–257). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

See Also

ss.aipe.sc, ss.aipe.sc.ancova.sensitivity

Examples

## Not run: 
ss.aipe.sc.ancova(psi=.8, width=.5, c.weights=c(.5, .5, 0, -1))

ss.aipe.sc.ancova(psi=.8, ratio=.6, width=.5, 
c.weights=c(.5, .5, 0, -1), divisor="s.anova")

ss.aipe.sc.ancova(psi=.5, rho=.4, width=.3, 
c.weights=c(.5, .5, 0, -1), divisor="s.anova")

## End(Not run)

MBESS documentation built on Oct. 26, 2023, 9:07 a.m.