abg_analyzer: Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) Analyzer

In cliot: Clinical Indices and Outcomes Tools

Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) Analyzer

Description

Interprets arterial blood gas values to identify acid-base disturbances. It determines the primary disorder (Respiratory vs. Metabolic, Acidosis vs. Alkalosis), assesses the degree of compensation (Acute vs. Chronic, or appropriate secondary response), and calculates the Anion Gap and Delta Ratio if electrolytes are provided.

Usage

abg_analyzer(ph, paco2, hco3, na = NULL, cl = NULL, albumin = 4.0)

Arguments

ph	Numeric. Arterial pH.
paco2	Numeric. Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (mmHg).
hco3	Numeric. Bicarbonate concentration (mEq/L).
na	Numeric (Optional). Serum sodium (mEq/L). Required for Anion Gap calculation.
cl	Numeric (Optional). Serum chloride (mEq/L). Required for Anion Gap calculation.
albumin	Numeric (Optional). Serum albumin (g/dL). Used to correct the Anion Gap. Defaults to 4.0 if not provided.

Value

A list containing:

Diagnosis	The primary acid-base disorder identified.
Compensation	Analysis of the compensatory response (e.g., Uncompensated, Compensated, or Mixed).
Anion_Gap_Analysis	If electrolytes are provided, reports the Anion Gap (corrected for albumin) and the Delta Ratio interpretation for high gap acidosis.

References

Adrogué HJ, Madias NE. Management of life-threatening acid-base disorders. N Engl J Med. 1998;338(1):26-34.

Examples

# Example 1: Diabetic Ketoacidosis (High AG Met Acidosis)
# pH 7.2, pCO2 25 (Compensated), HCO3 10, Na 140, Cl 100
abg_analyzer(7.2, 25, 10, 140, 100)

# Example 2: Acute Respiratory Acidosis (Opioid Overdose)
# pH 7.25, pCO2 60, HCO3 26 (Acute/Uncompensated)
abg_analyzer(7.25, 60, 26)

# Example 3: Mixed Disorder (Septic Shock + Vomiting)
# High AG Acidosis + Met Alkalosis
# pH 7.4, pCO2 40, HCO3 24 (Normal pH/Nos), but High Gap
# Na 140, Cl 90, Alb 4.0
# AG = 140 - (90 + 24) = 26. Delta Gap = 14. Delta HCO3 = 0. Ratio > 2.0
abg_analyzer(7.4, 40, 24, 140, 90)

cliot documentation built on Dec. 1, 2025, 1:06 a.m.