apfel_ponv: Apfel Score for Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting

In cliot: Clinical Indices and Outcomes Tools

Apfel Score for Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting

Description

Calculates the Apfel Score to estimate the risk of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV) in adult patients undergoing inhalational anesthesia. The score ranges from 0 to 4, with each risk factor adding approximately 20% to the baseline risk.

Usage

apfel_ponv(female_sex, history_ponv_motion_sickness, non_smoker, postop_opioids)

Arguments

female_sex	Numeric (0 or 1). Patient is female. (1 = Yes, +1 point).
history_ponv_motion_sickness	Numeric (0 or 1). History of PONV or motion sickness. (1 = Yes, +1 point).
non_smoker	Numeric (0 or 1). Patient is a non-smoker. (1 = Yes, +1 point).
postop_opioids	Numeric (0 or 1). Expected use of postoperative opioids. (1 = Yes, +1 point).

Value

A list containing:

Apfel_Score	The total number of risk factors present (Range 0-4).
Est_Risk_PONV	The estimated probability of PONV (10%, 21%, 39%, 61%, or 79%).

References

Apfel CC, Laara E, Koivuranta M, Greim CA, Roewer N. A simplified risk score for predicting postoperative nausea and vomiting: conclusions from cross-validations between two centers. Anesthesiology. 1999;91(3):693-700. doi:10.1097/00000542-199909000-00022

Examples

# Example 1: High Risk
# Female, History of Motion Sickness, Non-Smoker, Getting Opioids
# Score = 4 (79% Risk)
apfel_ponv(1, 1, 1, 1)

# Example 2: Low Risk
# Male, Smoker, No Hx, No Opioids
# Score = 0 (10% Risk)
apfel_ponv(0, 0, 0, 0)

cliot documentation built on Dec. 1, 2025, 1:06 a.m.