inst/doc/color-palettes.R

In evanverse: Utility Functions for Data Analysis and Visualization

## ----setup, include = FALSE---------------------------------------------------
knitr::opts_chunk$set(
  collapse = TRUE,
  comment = "#>",
  echo = TRUE,
  warning = FALSE,
  message = FALSE,
  fig.width = 10,
  fig.height = 6,
  dpi = 300,
  out.width = "100%"
)

library(evanverse)
library(ggplot2)
library(dplyr)

## ----discover-palettes--------------------------------------------------------
# List all palettes by type
seq_palettes <- list_palettes(type = "sequential")
qual_palettes <- list_palettes(type = "qualitative")
div_palettes <- list_palettes(type = "diverging")

cat("Sequential Palettes (", length(seq_palettes), "):\n", sep = "")
cat("  ", paste(head(seq_palettes, 5), collapse = ", "), "...\n\n", sep = "")

cat("Qualitative Palettes (", length(qual_palettes), "):\n", sep = "")
cat("  ", paste(head(qual_palettes, 5), collapse = ", "), "...\n\n", sep = "")

cat("Diverging Palettes (", length(div_palettes), "):\n", sep = "")
cat("  ", paste(div_palettes, collapse = ", "), "\n", sep = "")

## ----palette-gallery, fig.cap="Complete gallery of all available palettes organized by type", fig.height=12----
# Display the complete palette gallery
bio_palette_gallery()

## ----retrieve-palettes--------------------------------------------------------
# Specify type explicitly for clarity
vivid_colors <- get_palette("qual_vivid", type = "qualitative")
cat("qual_vivid palette:\n")
print(vivid_colors)

# Get specific number of colors
blues_3 <- get_palette("seq_blues", type = "sequential", n = 3)
cat("\nseq_blues (3 colors):\n")
print(blues_3)

# Get all available colors (omit n parameter)
blues_all <- get_palette("seq_blues", type = "sequential")
cat("\nseq_blues (all", length(blues_all), "colors):\n")
print(blues_all)

## ----preview-palettes, fig.cap="Preview of different palette types with color swatches"----
# Save current par settings
oldpar <- par(no.readonly = TRUE)

# Preview different palette types
par(mfrow = c(2, 2), mar = c(3, 1, 2, 1))

# Qualitative
preview_palette("qual_vivid", type = "qualitative")
title("Qualitative: qual_vivid", cex.main = 1, font.main = 1)

# Sequential
preview_palette("seq_blues", type = "sequential")
title("Sequential: seq_blues", cex.main = 1, font.main = 1)

# Sequential - Another
preview_palette("seq_forest", type = "sequential")
title("Sequential: seq_forest", cex.main = 1, font.main = 1)

# Diverging
preview_palette("div_fireice", type = "diverging")
title("Diverging: div_fireice", cex.main = 1, font.main = 1)

# Restore par settings
par(oldpar)

## ----custom-creation, eval=FALSE----------------------------------------------
# # Step 1: Determine palette type
# # Is your data continuous (sequential),
# # categorical (qualitative), or centered (diverging)?
# 
# # Step 2: Define colors
# ocean_colors <- c("#006BA4", "#FF7F0E", "#2CA02C", "#D62728", "#9467BD")
# 
# # Step 3: Create palette with proper naming
# create_palette(
#   name = "qual_ocean",  # Follow type_name_source convention
#   type = "qualitative",
#   colors = ocean_colors,
#   color_dir = system.file("extdata", "palettes", package = "evanverse")
# )
# 
# # Step 4: Compile palettes.rds (see next section)

## ----color-utilities----------------------------------------------------------
# Convert between HEX and RGB
hex_colors <- c("#FF6B6B", "#4ECDC4", "#45B7D1")

# HEX to RGB
rgb_matrix <- hex2rgb(hex_colors)
cat("HEX to RGB:\n")
print(rgb_matrix)

# RGB to HEX
hex_back <- rgb2hex(rgb_matrix)
cat("\nRGB to HEX:\n")
cat(paste(hex_back, collapse = ", "), "\n")

## ----compile-workflow, eval=FALSE---------------------------------------------
# # Compile all palettes from JSON to palettes.rds
# compile_palettes(
#   palettes_dir = system.file("extdata", "palettes", package = "evanverse"),
#   output_rds = system.file("extdata", "palettes.rds", package = "evanverse")
# )
# 
# # Test the new palette
# get_palette("qual_ocean")
# preview_palette("qual_ocean", type = "qualitative")

## ----qual-example, fig.cap="Qualitative palette for categorical group comparison"----
# Sample categorical data
set.seed(123)
category_data <- data.frame(
  Group = rep(LETTERS[1:5], each = 20),
  Value = c(rnorm(20, 10, 2), rnorm(20, 15, 3), rnorm(20, 12, 2.5),
            rnorm(20, 18, 4), rnorm(20, 8, 1.5))
)

# Use qualitative palette
qual_colors <- get_palette("qual_vivid", type = "qualitative", n = 5)

ggplot(category_data, aes(x = Group, y = Value, fill = Group)) +
  geom_boxplot(alpha = 0.8, outlier.alpha = 0.6) +
  scale_fill_manual(values = qual_colors) +
  labs(
    title = "Qualitative Palette: Group Comparison",
    subtitle = "Using qual_vivid for categorical groups",
    x = "Experimental Group",
    y = "Measured Value"
  ) +
  theme_minimal() +
  theme(legend.position = "none")

## ----seq-example, fig.cap="Sequential palette for continuous heatmap data"----
# Generate expression matrix
set.seed(456)
genes <- paste0("Gene", 1:10)
samples <- paste0("S", 1:8)
expr_matrix <- matrix(rnorm(80, mean = 5, sd = 2), nrow = 10)
rownames(expr_matrix) <- genes
colnames(expr_matrix) <- samples

# Convert to long format
expr_long <- expand.grid(Gene = genes, Sample = samples)
expr_long$Expression <- as.vector(expr_matrix)

# Use sequential palette
seq_colors <- get_palette("seq_mobility", type = "sequential")

ggplot(expr_long, aes(x = Sample, y = Gene, fill = Expression)) +
  geom_tile(color = "white", linewidth = 0.5) +
  scale_fill_gradientn(
    colors = seq_colors,
    name = "Expression"
  ) +
  labs(
    title = "Sequential Palette: Gene Expression Heatmap",
    subtitle = "Using seq_blues for continuous expression data"
  ) +
  theme_minimal() +
  theme(panel.grid = element_blank())

## ----div-example, fig.cap="Diverging palette for fold change data"------------
# Generate fold change data
set.seed(789)
fc_data <- data.frame(
  Gene = paste0("Gene_", 1:20),
  LogFC = rnorm(20, 0, 1.2),
  Sample = rep(paste0("Sample_", 1:4), each = 5)
)

# Use diverging palette
div_colors <- get_palette("div_fireice", type = "diverging")

ggplot(fc_data, aes(x = Sample, y = Gene, fill = LogFC)) +
  geom_tile(color = "white", linewidth = 0.3) +
  scale_fill_gradientn(
    colors = div_colors,
    name = "Log2 FC",
    limits = c(-3, 3)
  ) +
  labs(
    title = "Diverging Palette: Fold Changes",
    subtitle = "Using div_fireice for centered data (zero midpoint)"
  ) +
  theme_minimal() +
  theme(panel.grid = element_blank())

## ----multiomics-example, fig.cap="Multi-omics visualization with appropriate palette selection"----
# Simulate multi-omics data
set.seed(321)
omics_data <- data.frame(
  Sample = rep(paste0("P", 1:8), each = 3),
  DataType = rep(c("Transcriptome", "Proteome", "Metabolome"), 8),
  Intensity = c(
    rnorm(8, 100, 20),  # Transcriptome
    rnorm(8, 50, 15),   # Proteome
    rnorm(8, 25, 8)     # Metabolome
  ),
  Condition = rep(rep(c("Control", "Treatment"), each = 4), 3)
)

# Use qualitative palette for data types
omics_colors <- get_palette("qual_vivid", type = "qualitative", n = 3)
names(omics_colors) <- c("Transcriptome", "Proteome", "Metabolome")

ggplot(omics_data, aes(x = Sample, y = Intensity, fill = DataType)) +
  geom_bar(stat = "identity", position = "dodge", alpha = 0.85) +
  scale_fill_manual(values = omics_colors) +
  facet_wrap(~Condition, scales = "free_x") +
  labs(
    title = "Multi-omics Data Integration",
    subtitle = "Using qual_vivid to distinguish omics layers",
    x = "Patient Samples",
    y = "Normalized Intensity"
  ) +
  theme_minimal() +
  theme(
    axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45, hjust = 1, size = 9),
    legend.position = "bottom"
  )

## ----interpolation, fig.cap="Creating custom gradients through color interpolation"----
# Get base colors from qualitative palette
base_colors <- get_palette("qual_vivid", type = "qualitative", n = 3)

# Interpolate to create smooth gradient
custom_gradient <- colorRampPalette(base_colors[1:2])(10)

# Visualize the gradient
gradient_df <- data.frame(
  x = 1:10,
  y = rep(1, 10),
  color = custom_gradient
)

ggplot(gradient_df, aes(x = x, y = y, fill = color)) +
  geom_tile(height = 0.5, width = 0.9) +
  scale_fill_identity() +
  labs(
    title = "Custom Color Interpolation",
    subtitle = "Creating gradients from qualitative palette colors"
  ) +
  theme_void() +
  theme(plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5))

## ----combinations, eval=FALSE-------------------------------------------------
# # Combine palettes for complex visualizations
# main_colors <- get_palette("qual_vivid", n = 4)
# accent_color <- get_palette("div_fireice", n = 1)
# 
# # Use in multi-layer plots
# ggplot(data) +
#   geom_point(aes(color = group), size = 3) +
#   geom_smooth(color = accent_color, linewidth = 1.5) +
#   scale_color_manual(values = main_colors)

## ----performance-tips, eval=FALSE---------------------------------------------
# # ✅ GOOD: Cache palette once
# my_colors <- get_palette("qual_vivid", n = 5)
# ggplot(data) + scale_fill_manual(values = my_colors)
# 
# # ❌ AVOID: Repeated calls
# ggplot(data) + scale_fill_manual(values = get_palette("qual_vivid", n = 5))

## ----troubleshoot-1, eval=FALSE-----------------------------------------------
# # Check available palettes
# list_palettes(type = "qualitative")

## ----troubleshoot-2, eval=FALSE-----------------------------------------------
# # Check palette size
# length(get_palette("qual_vivid"))
# 
# # Or use interpolation
# colorRampPalette(get_palette("qual_vivid"))(20)

## ----troubleshoot-3, eval=FALSE-----------------------------------------------
# # Verify palette type
# # Type is inferred from name prefix
# get_palette("seq_blues")  # Automatically knows it's sequential

## ----troubleshoot-4, eval=FALSE-----------------------------------------------
# # Ensure you compiled after creation
# compile_palettes(
#   palettes_dir = system.file("extdata", "palettes", package = "evanverse"),
#   output_rds = system.file("extdata", "palettes.rds", package = "evanverse")
# )

## ----quick-reference, eval=FALSE----------------------------------------------
# # Discover
# list_palettes(type = "sequential")
# bio_palette_gallery()
# 
# # Retrieve
# get_palette("seq_blues")
# preview_palette("qual_vivid", type = "qualitative")
# 
# # Create
# create_palette(
#   name = "qual_custom",
#   type = "qualitative",
#   colors = c("#E64B35", "#4DBBD5", "#00A087")
# )
# 
# # Compile
# compile_palettes(
#   palettes_dir = system.file("extdata", "palettes", package = "evanverse"),
#   output_rds = system.file("extdata", "palettes.rds", package = "evanverse")
# )
# 
# # Utilities
# hex2rgb("#FF6B6B")
# rgb2hex(matrix(c(255, 107, 107), nrow = 1))