dot-addFormants: Add formants per sound

In soundgen: Sound Synthesis and Acoustic Analysis

Add formants per sound

Description

Internal soundgen function called by addFormants

Usage

.addFormants(
  audio,
  formants = NULL,
  spectralEnvelope = NULL,
  action = c("add", "remove")[1],
  dB = NULL,
  specificity = 1,
  zFun = NULL,
  vocalTract = NA,
  formantDep = 1,
  formantDepStoch = 1,
  formantWidth = 1,
  formantCeiling = 2,
  lipRad = 6,
  noseRad = 4,
  mouthOpenThres = 0,
  mouth = NA,
  temperature = 0.025,
  formDrift = 0.3,
  formDisp = 0.2,
  smoothing = list(),
  windowLength_points = 800,
  overlap = 75,
  dynamicRange = 120,
  normalize = c("max", "orig", "none")[1],
  play = FALSE,
  ...
)

Arguments

audio	a list returned by readAudio
formants	either a character string referring to default presets for speaker "M1" (implemented: "aoieu0") or a list of formant times, frequencies, amplitudes, and bandwidths (see examples). NA or NULL means no formants, only lip radiation. Time stamps for formants and mouthOpening can be specified in ms relative to sylLen or on a scale of [0, 1]. See getSpectralEnvelope for more details
spectralEnvelope	(optional): as an alternative to specifying formant frequencies, we can provide the exact filter - a vector of non-negative numbers specifying the power in each frequency bin on a linear scale (interpolated to length equal to windowLength_points/2). A matrix specifying the filter for each STFT step is also accepted. The easiest way to create this matrix is to call soundgen:::getSpectralEnvelope or to use the spectrum of a recorded sound
action	'add' = add formants to the sound, 'remove' = remove formants (inverse filtering)
dB	if NULL (default), the spectral envelope is applied on the original scale; otherwise, it is set to range from 1 to 10 ^ (dB / 20)
specificity	a way to sharpen or blur the spectral envelope (spectrum ^ specificity) : 1 = no change, >1 = sharper, <1 = blurred
zFun	(optional) an arbitrary function to apply to the spectrogram prior to iSTFT, where "z" is the spectrogram - a matrix of complex values (see examples)
vocalTract	the length of vocal tract, cm. Used for calculating formant dispersion (for adding extra formants) and formant transitions as the mouth opens and closes. If NULL or NA, the length is estimated based on specified formant frequencies, if any (anchor format)
formantDep	scale factor of formant amplitude (1 = no change relative to amplitudes in formants)
formantDepStoch	the amplitude of additional stochastic formants added above the highest specified formant, dB (only if temperature > 0)
formantWidth	scale factor of formant bandwidth (1 = no change)
formantCeiling	frequency to which stochastic formants are calculated, in multiples of the Nyquist frequency; increase up to ~10 for long vocal tracts to avoid losing energy in the upper part of the spectrum
lipRad	the effect of lip radiation on source spectrum, dB/oct (the default of +6 dB/oct produces a high-frequency boost when the mouth is open)
noseRad	the effect of radiation through the nose on source spectrum, dB/oct (the alternative to lipRad when the mouth is closed)
mouthOpenThres	open the lips (switch from nose radiation to lip radiation) when the mouth is open >mouthOpenThres, 0 to 1
mouth	mouth opening (0 to 1, 0.5 = neutral, i.e. no modification) (anchor format)
temperature	hyperparameter for regulating the amount of stochasticity in sound generation
formDrift, formDisp	scaling factors for the effect of temperature on formant drift and dispersal, respectively
smoothing	a list of parameters passed to getSmoothContour to control the interpolation and smoothing of contours: interpol (approx / spline / loess), loessSpan, discontThres, jumpThres
windowLength_points	length of FFT window, points
overlap	FFT window overlap, %. For allowed values, see istft
normalize	"orig" = same as input (default), "max" = maximum possible peak amplitude, "none" = no normalization
play	if TRUE, plays the synthesized sound using the default player on your system. If character, passed to play as the name of player to use, eg "aplay", "play", "vlc", etc. In case of errors, try setting another default player for play
...	other plotting parameters passed to spectrogram

soundgen documentation built on April 4, 2025, 3:44 a.m.