R/turbine_influences.R

In windfarmGA: Genetic Algorithm for Wind Farm Layout Optimization

#' @title Find potentially influencing turbines
#' @name turbine_influences
#' @description Find all turbines that could potentially influence another
#'   turbine and save them to a list.
#'
#' @export
#'
#' @param t A data.frame of the current individual with X and Y coordinates
#' @param wnkl Wake opening angle in degrees. Turbines outside this cone
#'   are ignored.
#' @param dist A numeric value indicating the distance, after which the wake
#'   effects are considered to be eliminated.
#' @param area Site polygon
#' @param dirct Current wind direction
#' @param plot_angles Plot distances and angles
#'
#' @family Wind Energy Calculation Functions
#' @return Returns a list of all individuals of the current generation which
#'   could potentially influence other turbines. List includes the relevant
#'   coordinates, the distances and angles in between and assigns the Point ID.
#'
#' @examples
#' ## Exemplary input Polygon with 2km x 2km:
#' library(sf)
#'
#' area <- sf::st_as_sf(sf::st_sfc(
#'   sf::st_polygon(list(cbind(
#'     c(0, 0, 2000, 2000, 0),
#'     c(0, 2000, 2000, 0, 0)
#'   ))),
#'   crs = 3035
#' ))
#'
#' t <- st_coordinates(st_sample(area, 10))
#' t <- cbind(t, "Z" = 1)
#' wnkl <- 20
#' dist <- 100000
#' dirct <- 0
#'
#' res <- turbine_influences(t, wnkl, dist, area, dirct, plot_angles = TRUE)
#'
turbine_influences <- function(t, wnkl, dist, area, dirct,
                               plot_angles = FALSE) {
  if (isTRUE(plot_angles)) {
    return(lapply(seq_len(nrow(t)), function(i) {
      ee <- get_dist_angles(
        t = t, o = i, wnkl = wnkl, dist = dist,
        area = area, plot_angles = TRUE
      )
      cbind(ee, "Windrichtung" = dirct, "Punkt_id" = i)
    }))
  }
  turbine_influences_CPP(as_xy_matrix(t), wnkl, dist, dirct)
}

as_xy_matrix <- function(t) {
  tm <- unname(as.matrix(t))
  if (ncol(tm) < 2L) {
    stop("Turbine locations need X and Y columns.")
  }
  if (ncol(tm) == 2L) {
    tm <- cbind(tm, 1)
  } else if (ncol(tm) > 3L) {
    tm <- tm[, 1:3, drop = FALSE]
  }
  tm
}

#' @title Calculate distances and angles of possibly influencing turbines
#' @name get_dist_angles
#' @description Calculate distances and angles for a turbine and all it's
#'   potentially influencing turbines.
#' @export
#'
#' @param o A numeric value indicating the index of the current turbine
#' @inheritParams turbine_influences
#'
#' @family Wind Energy Calculation Functions
#' @return Returns a matrix with the distances, angles and heights of potentially
#'   influencing turbines
#' @examples
#' library(sf)
#'
#' ## Exemplary input Polygon with 2km x 2km:
#' area <- sf::st_as_sf(sf::st_sfc(
#'   sf::st_polygon(list(cbind(
#'     c(4498482, 4498482, 4499991, 4499991, 4498482),
#'     c(2668272, 2669343, 2669343, 2668272, 2668272)
#'   ))),
#'   crs = 3035
#' ))
#'
#' ## Create a random windfarm with 10 turbines
#' t <- st_coordinates(st_sample(area, 10))
#' t <- cbind(t, "Z" = 1)
#' wnkl <- 20
#' dist <- 100000
#'
#' ## Evaluate and plot for every turbine all other potentially influencing turbines
#' potInfTur <- list()
#' for (i in 1:(length(t[, 1]))) {
#'   potInfTur[[i]] <- get_dist_angles(
#'     t = t, o = i, wnkl = wnkl,
#'     dist = dist, area = area, plot_angles = TRUE
#'   )
#' }
#' potInfTur
#'
get_dist_angles <- function(t, o, wnkl, dist, area, plot_angles = FALSE) {
  tm <- as_xy_matrix(t)
  if (plot_angles) {
    plot_dist_angles(tm, o, wnkl, dist, area)
  }
  res <- get_dist_angles_CPP(tm, as.integer(o), wnkl, dist)
  if (plot_angles && any(res[, "Ax"] != 0)) {
    points(res[, "Ax"], res[, "Ay"], col = "orange", pch = 20, cex = 2)
    calibrate::textxy(res[, "Ax"], res[, "Ay"], rep("Points A", nrow(res)))
  }
  res
}

plot_dist_angles <- function(t, o, wnkl, dist, area) {
  turbine_loc <- c(x = t[o, 1L], y = t[o, 2L], z = t[o, 3L])
  turbines_ahead <- subset.matrix(x = t, subset = (t[o, 2L] < t[, 2L]))
  graphics::plot(t[, 1], t[, 2],
    col.axis = "darkblue",
    xlab = "X-Coordinates", ylab = "Y-Coordinates"
  )
  title(
    main = "Potentially Influential Turbines",
    sub = paste(
      "PointNr: ", o, ";", "Distance: ",
      dist, "Meter", ";", "Angle: ", wnkl, "Degrees"
    ),
    outer = FALSE, cex.main = 1, cex.sub = 1
  )
  plot(st_geometry(area), add = TRUE)
  points(x = turbine_loc[1], y = turbine_loc[2], col = "green", pch = 20, cex = 2)
  calibrate::textxy(turbine_loc[1], turbine_loc[2], "Point B")
  angles_min <- rbind(
    turbine_loc[1:2],
    cbind(
      turbine_loc[1] + dist * cos((90 - wnkl) * pi / 180),
      turbine_loc[2] + dist * sin((90 - wnkl) * pi / 180)
    )
  )
  angles_plu <- rbind(
    turbine_loc[1:2],
    cbind(
      turbine_loc[1] + dist * cos((90 + wnkl) * pi / 180),
      turbine_loc[2] + dist * sin((90 + wnkl) * pi / 180)
    )
  )
  lines(angles_min[, 1], angles_min[, 2])
  lines(angles_plu[, 1], angles_plu[, 2])
  if (NROW(turbines_ahead)) {
    points(x = turbines_ahead[, 1], y = turbines_ahead[, 2], col = "red", pch = 20)
  }
}