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#' Realise outcomes
#'
#' Realise outcomes for all causal types. Calculated by sequentially
#' calculating endogenous nodes. If a do operator is applied to any node then
#' it takes the given value and all its descendants are generated accordingly.
#'
#' If a node is not specified all outcomes are realised for all possible
#' causal types consistent with the model. If a node is specified then outcomes
#' of Y are returned conditional on different values of parents, whether or
#' not these values of the parents obtain given restrictions under the model.
#'
#' @details \code{realise_outcomes} starts off by creating types
#' (via \code{\link{get_nodal_types}}). It then takes types of endogenous
#' and reveals their outcome based on the value that their parents took.
#' Exogenous nodes outcomes correspond to their type.
#' @inheritParams CausalQueries_internal_inherit_params
#' @param dos A named \code{list}. Do actions defining node values,
#' e.g., \code{list(X = 0, M = 1)}.
#' @param node A character. An optional quoted name of the node whose
#' outcome should be revealed. If specified all values of parents need
#' to be specified via \code{dos}.
#' @param add_rownames logical indicating whether to add causal types
#' as rownames to the output
#' @return A \code{data.frame} object of revealed data for each node (columns)
#' given causal / nodal type (rows) .
#' @export
#' @examples
#' \donttest{
#' make_model("X -> Y") |>
#' realise_outcomes()
#'
#' make_model("X -> Y <- W") |>
#' set_restrictions(labels = list(X = "1", Y="0010"), keep = TRUE) |>
#' realise_outcomes()
#'
#' make_model("X1->Y; X2->M; M->Y") |>
#' realise_outcomes(dos = list(X1 = 1, M = 0))
#'
#' # With node specified
#' make_model("X->M->Y") |>
#' realise_outcomes(node = "Y")
#'
#' make_model("X->M->Y") |>
#' realise_outcomes(dos = list(M = 1), node = "Y")
#'}
realise_outcomes <- function(model,
dos = NULL,
node = NULL,
add_rownames = TRUE){
# check dos + node specification
if((!is.null(node)) && (length(node) > 1)) {
stop("Please specify only one node")
}
# case with trivial single node model
if(length(model$nodes) == 1) {
data_realizations <- get_causal_types(model)
if (add_rownames) {
rownames(data_realizations) <-
gsub("[[:alpha:]]", "", rownames(data_realizations))
}
return(data_realizations)
}
# case with node specified
if(!is.null(node)) {
# generate data realizations
parents <- get_parents(model)[[node]]
if(any(!names(dos) %in% parents)) {
conjugation <- ifelse (sum(!names(dos) %in% parents) > 1,
"are not a parent of",
"is not a parent of")
subjects <- paste0(names(dos)[!names(dos) %in% parents], collapse = ", ")
if(all(!names(dos) %in% parents)){
stop(paste(subjects, conjugation, node))
} else {
warning(paste(subjects, conjugation, node))
}
}
nodes <- c(parents, node)
nodal_types <- get_nodal_types(model)[nodes]
# treat parents as exogenous and add dos
for(p in parents) {
if(p %in% names(dos)) {
nodal_types[[p]] <- as.character(dos[[p]])
} else {
nodal_types[[p]] <- c("0","1")
}
}
data_realizations <- expand.grid(nodal_types, stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
colnames <- nodes
names(data_realizations) <- nodes
# rownames
if(add_rownames) {
types <- data_realizations
}
# generate parents_list
parents_list <- as.list(rep(-1,length(parents)))
parents_list <- c(parents_list, list((seq_along(parents)) - 1))
names(parents_list) <- nodes
# get variables to work through
endogenous_vars <- length(nodes) - 1
# turn data_realizations df into list to pass as
# std::vector<std::vector<std::string>>
n_types <- nrow(data_realizations)
data_realizations <- as.list(data_realizations)
}
# case without node specified
if(is.null(node)) {
# get data realizations
data_realizations <- get_causal_types(model)
# replace parent names with parent col positions in data_realizations df
# allows for faster access when df is converted to
# std::vector<std::vector<std::string>> in c++
parents_list <- parents_to_int(get_parents(model), model$nodes)
# rownames
if(add_rownames) {
types <- data_realizations
}
# put dos into data_realizations df
if(!is.null(dos)) {
data_realizations[,names(dos)] <- lapply(dos,as.character)
}
colnames <- model$nodes
# get variables to work through
endogenous_vars <- attr(model, "nonroot_nodes")
endogenous_vars <- endogenous_vars[!endogenous_vars %in% names(dos)]
endogenous_vars <-
unname(vapply(endogenous_vars, function(i)
which(i == model$nodes), numeric(1))) - 1
# turn data_realizations df into list to pass as
# std::vector<std::vector<std::string>>
n_types <- nrow(data_realizations)
data_realizations <- as.list(data_realizations)
}
data_realizations <- realise_outcomes_c(real = data_realizations,
parents_list = parents_list,
endogenous_vars = endogenous_vars,
n_types = n_types) |>
as.data.frame()
colnames(data_realizations) <- colnames
# add rownames
if(add_rownames){
rownames(data_realizations) <- apply(types, 1, paste, collapse = ".")
type_names <-
matrix(vapply(seq_along(types), function(j) {
paste0(names(types)[j], types[, j])
}, character(nrow(types))),
ncol = ncol(types))
attr(data_realizations, "type_names") <-
apply(type_names, 1, paste, collapse = ".")
}
return(data_realizations)
}
#' Helper to turn parents_list into a list of data_realizations column positions
#' @param parents_list a named list of character vectors specifying all
#' nodes in the DAG and their respective parents
#' @return a list of column positions
#' @keywords internal
#' Used in realise_outcomes
parents_to_int <- function(parents_list, position_set) {
out <- parents_list |>
lapply(function(i) {
if (length(i) > 0) {
vapply(i, function(j) {
which(j == position_set)
}, numeric(1)) |>
unname() - 1
} else {
-1
}
})
return(out)
}
#' Reveal outcomes
#'
#' @description
#' `r lifecycle::badge("deprecated")`
#'
#' This function was deprecated because the name causes clashes with
#' DeclareDesign. Use realise_outcomes instead.
#' @keywords internal
#'
reveal_outcomes <- function(model, dos = NULL, node = NULL) {
lifecycle::deprecate_warn(
"0.0.3.2",
"reveal_outcomes()",
details = paste("This function was deprecated because the name causes",
"clashes with DeclareDesign. Use realise_outcomes instead.")
)
warning(paste("This function was deprecated because the name causes clashes",
"with DeclareDesign. Use realise_outcomes instead."))
realise_outcomes(model = model, dos = dos, node = node)
}
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