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#' @title Tridiagonal matrix maximal eigenpair
#' @description Calculate the maximal eigenpair for the tridiagonal matrix by
#' shifted inverse iteration algorithm.
#'
#' @param a The lower diagonal vector.
#' @param b The upper diagonal vector.
#' @param c The shifted main diagonal vector. The corresponding unshift diagonal vector
#' is -c(b[1] + c[1], a[1:N - 1] + b[2:N] + c[2:N], a[N] + c[N + 1]) where N+1
#' is the dimension of matrix.
#' @param xi The coefficient used to form the convex combination of \eqn{\delta_1^{-1}} and
#' \eqn{(v_0,-Q*v_0)_\mu}, it should between 0 and 1.
#' @param digit.thresh The precise level of output results.
#'
#' @return A list of eigenpair object are returned, with components \eqn{z}, \eqn{v} and \eqn{iter}.
#' \item{z}{The approximating sequence of the maximal eigenvalue.}
#' \item{v}{The approximating eigenfunction of the corresponding eigenvector.}
#' \item{iter}{The number of iterations.}
#'
#' @seealso \code{\link{eff.ini.maxeig.tri}} for the tridiagonal matrix maximal
#' eigenpair by rayleigh quotient iteration algorithm.
#' \code{\link{eff.ini.maxeig.general}} for the general matrix maximal eigenpair.
#'
#' @examples
#' a = c(1:7)^2
#' b = c(1:7)^2
#' c = rep(0, length(a) + 1)
#' c[length(a) + 1] = 8^2
#' eff.ini.maxeig.shift.inv.tri(a, b, c, xi = 1)
#' @export
eff.ini.maxeig.shift.inv.tri = function(a, b, c, xi = 1, digit.thresh = 6) {
N = length(a)
Q = tridiag(b, a, -c(b[1] + c[1], a[1:N - 1] + b[2:N] + c[2:N], a[N] + c[N +
1]))
m = 0
# check input vectors
if (sum(a <= 0) > 0)
stop("Input vector a should be all positive!")
if (sum(b <= 0) > 0)
stop("Input vector b should be all positive!")
if (sum(c < 0) > 0) {
print("Input vector c should be all nonnegative!")
# print('Adjust the diagonal of matrix by Q=A-mI')
m = max(-c)
print(paste0("m=", m))
c = c + m
Q = tridiag(b, a, -c(b[1] + c[1], a[1:N - 1] + b[2:N] + c[2:N], a[N] + c[N +
1]))
}
if (sum(c != 0) == 0)
stop("Input vector c cannot be all 0!")
if (xi < 0 | xi > 1)
stop("The coefficient xi should between 0 and 1!")
mu = rep(1, N + 1)
mu[2:(N + 1)] = cumprod(b/a)
phi = rep(NA, N + 1)
r = rep(NA, N)
h = rep(NA, N + 2)
if (sum(c[1:N] != 0) == 0) {
b[N + 1] = c[N + 1]
# phi = rev(cumsum(rev(1/(mu * b))))
r = rep(1, N)
h = rep(1, N + 2)
h[N + 2] = c[N + 1]
} else {
r[1] = 1 + c[1]/b[1]
for (i in 2:N) {
r[i] = 1 + (a[i - 1] + c[i])/b[i] - a[i - 1]/(b[i] * r[i - 1])
}
h[1] = 1
h[2:(N + 1)] = cumprod(r)
h[N + 2] = c[N + 1] * h[N + 1] + a[N] * (h[N + 1] - h[N])
b[N + 1] = 1
# phi = rev(cumsum(rev(1/(h[1:(N + 1)] * h[2:(N + 2)] * mu * b))))
}
Q_tilde = diag(1/h[1:(N + 1)], N + 1) %*% Q %*% diag(h[1:(N + 1)], N + 1)
mu_tilde = h[1:(N + 1)]^2 * mu
b_tilde = c(Q_tilde[cbind(1:N, 2:(N + 1))], -Q_tilde[N + 1, N + 1] - Q_tilde[N +
1, N])
phi_tilde = rev(cumsum(rev(1/(mu_tilde * b_tilde))))
# deltapart1 = mu * h[-(N + 2)]^2 * sqrt(phi) deltapart1sum = cumsum(deltapart1)
# deltapart2 = mu * h[-(N + 2)]^2 * phi^(3/2) deltapart2sum =
# rev(cumsum(rev(deltapart2)))
# delta1 = max(c(sqrt(phi[1:N]) * deltapart1sum[1:N] + 1/sqrt(phi[1:N]) *
# deltapart2sum[2:(N + 1)], sqrt(phi[N + 1]) * deltapart1sum[N + 1]))
deltapart1 = mu_tilde * sqrt(phi_tilde)
deltapart1sum = cumsum(deltapart1)
deltapart2 = mu_tilde * phi_tilde^(3/2)
deltapart2sum = rev(cumsum(rev(deltapart2)))
delta1 = max(c(sqrt(phi_tilde[1:N]) * deltapart1sum[1:N] + 1/sqrt(phi_tilde[1:N]) *
deltapart2sum[2:(N + 1)], sqrt(phi_tilde[N + 1]) * deltapart1sum[N + 1]))
# v0_tilde = h[-(N + 2)] * sqrt(phi)
v0_tilde = sqrt(phi_tilde)
if (sum(b[1:N] != a) != 0) {
v0 = v0_tilde/sqrt(sum(v0_tilde^2 * mu_tilde))
zstart = xi * 1/delta1 + (1 - xi) * sum(v0 * (-Q_tilde %*% v0) * mu_tilde)
ray = shift.inv.tri(Q = Q_tilde, mu = mu_tilde, v0_tilde = v0_tilde, zstart = zstart,
digit.thresh = digit.thresh)
} else {
v0 = v0_tilde/sqrt(sum(v0_tilde^2))
zstart = xi * 1/delta1 + (1 - xi) * sum(v0 * (-Q_tilde %*% v0))
ray = shift.inv.tri(Q = Q_tilde, mu = rep(1, (N + 1)), v0_tilde = v0_tilde,
zstart = zstart, digit.thresh = digit.thresh)
}
return(list(z = round(m - unlist(ray$z), digit.thresh), v = ray$v, iter = ray$iter))
}
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