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#' @title Exploratory Data Analysis
#'
#' @description Function that produces a histogram, density plot, boxplot, and Q-Q plot
#'
#' @details The function \code{eda()} will not return console window information on data sets containing more than 5000 observations. It will, however, still produce graphical output for data sets containing more than 5000 observations.
#'
#' @param x is a numeric vector where \code{NA}s and \code{Inf}s are allowed but will be removed.
#' @param trim is a fraction (between 0 and 0.5, inclusive) of values to be trimmed from each end of the ordered data such that if \code{trim = 0.5}, the result is the median.
#' @param dec is a number specifying the number of decimals
#'
#' @return Function returns various measures of center and location. The values returned for the quartiles are based on the default \pkg{R} definitions for quartiles. For more information on the definition of the quartiles, type \code{?quantile} and read about the algorithm used by \code{type = 7}.
#'
#' @author Alan T. Arnholt <arnholtat@@appstate.edu>
#'
#' @export
#'
#' @examples
#' eda(x = rnorm(100))
#' # Produces four graphs for the 100 randomly
#' # generated standard normal variates.
#'
#' @keywords hplot
#######################################################################
eda <- function(x, trim = 0.05, dec = 3)
{
# require(e1071)
# rgb(0, 128/255, 1, names="Adkblue") #Alan's dark blue
# rgb(169/255, 226/255, 1, names="Altblue") #Alan's light blue
opar <- par(no.readonly = TRUE)
Altblue <- "#A9E2FF"
Adkblue <- "#0080FF"
Ared <- "#C51111"
varname <- deparse(substitute(x))
N <- length(x)
UM <- round(sum(is.na(x)), 0)
x <- x[is.finite(x)]
n <- length(x)
Q1 <- round(quantile(x)[2], digits = dec)
Q3 <- round(quantile(x)[4], digits = dec)
IQR <- round(Q3 - Q1, digits = dec)
Min <- round(min(x), digits = dec)
Max <- round(max(x), digits = dec)
Stdev <- round(sd(x), digits = dec)
Mean <- round(mean(x), digits = dec)
Median <- round(median(x), digits = dec)
TrMean <- round(mean(x, trim = trim), digits = dec)
Var <- round(var(x), digits = dec)
SE <- round(Stdev/sqrt(n), digits = dec)
Range <- round(Max - Min, digits = dec)
par(oma = c(0, 1, 4, 1))
par(mfrow = c(2, 2))
par(mar = c(1, 1, 2, 1))
hist(x, freq = FALSE, col = Adkblue, xlab = "", ylab = "", axes = FALSE,
main = paste("Histogram of", varname), breaks = "Scott" )
box()
iqd <- summary(x)[5] - summary(x)[2]
plot(density(x), xlab = "", ylab = "",
axes = FALSE, type = "n", main = paste("Density of", varname))
lines(density(x), col=Ared)
box()
LH <- fivenum(x)[2]
UH <- fivenum(x)[4]
HS <- UH - LH
l.out <- x[x < (LH - 1.5 * HS)]
r.out <- x[x > (UH + 1.5 * HS)]
outliers <- c(l.out, r.out)
rest <- x[x > (LH - 1.5 * HS) & x < (UH + 1.5 * HS)]
Minrest <- min(rest)
Maxrest <- max(rest)
plot(x, x, main = paste("Boxplot of", varname), xlab =
"", ylab = "", axes = FALSE, type = "n", xlim = c(min(x), max(
x)), ylim = c(0, 1))
box()
polygon(c(LH, LH, UH, UH), c(0.3, 0.7, 0.7, 0.3), density = -1, col= Altblue)
points(outliers, c(rep(0.5, length(outliers))), col = Ared)
lines(c(min(rest), LH), c(0.5, 0.5), lty = 1)
lines(c(UH, max(rest)), c(0.5, 0.5), lty = 1)
lines(c(min(rest), min(rest)), c(0.4, 0.6))
lines(c(max(rest), max(rest)), c(0.4, 0.6))
lines(c(LH, LH), c(0.3, 0.7))
lines(c(UH, UH), c(0.3, 0.7))
lines(c(Median, Median), c(0.3, 0.7))
lines(c(LH, UH), c(0.3, 0.3))
lines(c(LH, UH), c(0.7, 0.7))
points(Mean, 0.5, pch = 16, col = "black")
qqnorm(x, col = "black", main = paste("Q-Q Plot of", varname), xlab = "",
ylab = "", axes = FALSE)
qqline(x, col = Ared)
box()
mtext("EXPLORATORY DATA ANALYSIS", side = 3, outer = TRUE, cex = 1.5,
col = Adkblue, line = 1)
on.exit(par(opar))
SW <- shapiro.test(x)
K <- round(kurtosis(x), digits = dec)
S <- round(skewness(x), digits = dec)
SWpval <- round(SW$p.value, digits = dec)
TOT <- c(n, UM, Min, Q1, Mean, Median, TrMean, Q3, Max, Stdev, Var,
SE, IQR, Range, K, S, SWpval)
names(TOT) <- c("Size (n)", "Missing", "Minimum", " 1st Qu", " Mean",
" Median", "TrMean", " 3rd Qu", " Max", " Stdev",
" Var", "SE Mean", " I.Q.R.", " Range", "Kurtosis",
"Skewness", "SW p-val")
return(TOT)
}
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