fuhrman_nuclear_grade: Fuhrman Nuclear Grade for Clear Cell Renal Carcinoma

In cliot: Clinical Indices and Outcomes Tools

Fuhrman Nuclear Grade for Clear Cell Renal Carcinoma

Description

Determines the Fuhrman Nuclear Grade for renal cell carcinoma (RCC). This histologic grading system is a powerful predictor of metastasis and survival in clear cell RCC. It evaluates nuclear size, irregularity, and nucleolar prominence.

Usage

fuhrman_nuclear_grade(nuclear_diameter_um, nuclear_shape_irregular,
                      nucleoli_visible, magnification_needed)

Arguments

nuclear_diameter_um	Numeric. Approximate diameter of the nuclei in micrometers. ~10 um: Grade 1. ~15 um: Grade 2 or 3. >20 um: Grade 4.
nuclear_shape_irregular	Numeric (0 or 1). Are the nuclei irregular in outline? (1 = Yes).
nucleoli_visible	Numeric (0 or 1). Are nucleoli visible? (1 = Yes).
magnification_needed	String. Magnification required to visualize nucleoli clearly. "400x": High power (Grade 2). "100x": Low power (Grade 3). "10x": Low power (Grade 3).

Value

A list containing:

Fuhrman_Grade	The calculated grade (1, 2, 3, or 4).
Histologic_Description	Description of the nuclear features for the grade.
Prognosis	General prognostic category.
Est_5_Year_Survival	Estimated 5-year survival rate based on grade.

References

Fuhrman SA, Lasky LC, Limas C. Prognostic significance of morphologic parameters in renal cell carcinoma. Am J Surg Pathol. 1982;6(7):655-663.

Examples

# Example 1: Grade 2
# 15um, irregular, nucleoli visible at 400x
fuhrman_nuclear_grade(15, 1, 1, "400x")

# Example 2: Grade 4
# 25um, bizarre shape, prominent nucleoli
fuhrman_nuclear_grade(25, 1, 1, "10x")

cliot documentation built on Dec. 1, 2025, 1:06 a.m.