grace_acs_risk: GRACE ACS Risk and Mortality Calculator

In cliot: Clinical Indices and Outcomes Tools

GRACE ACS Risk and Mortality Calculator

Description

Calculates the GRACE (Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events) Risk Score for predicting in-hospital mortality in patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS). The score stratifies patients based on age, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, creatinine, Killip class, cardiac arrest at admission, ST-segment deviation, and elevated cardiac enzymes.

Usage

grace_acs_risk(age, heart_rate, systolic_bp, creatinine, killip_class,
               cardiac_arrest_admission, st_segment_deviation,
               elevated_cardiac_enzymes, creatinine_units = "mg/dL")

Arguments

age	Numeric. Patient age in years.
heart_rate	Numeric. Heart rate in beats per minute.
systolic_bp	Numeric. Systolic blood pressure in mmHg.
creatinine	Numeric. Serum creatinine level.
killip_class	Numeric (1-4). Killip Class classification for heart failure severity. 1: No signs of congestive heart failure. 2: Rales, S3 gallop, or JVD. 3: Frank pulmonary edema. 4: Cardiogenic shock.
cardiac_arrest_admission	Numeric (0 or 1). Cardiac arrest occurred at admission. (1 = Yes).
st_segment_deviation	Numeric (0 or 1). ST-segment deviation on EKG. (1 = Yes).
elevated_cardiac_enzymes	Numeric (0 or 1). Elevated cardiac enzymes/markers (e.g., Troponin). (1 = Yes).
creatinine_units	String. Units for creatinine input. Options: "mg/dL" (default) or "umol/L".

Value

A list containing:

GRACE_Score	The calculated total risk score (Range 0-372).
In_Hospital_Mortality_Risk	Estimated percentage probability of in-hospital death.
Risk_Category	Classification (Low, Intermediate, High).

References

Granger CB, Goldberg RJ, Dabbous O, et al. Predictors of hospital mortality in the global registry of acute coronary events. Arch Intern Med. 2003;163(19):2345-2353. doi:10.1001/archinte.163.19.2345

Examples

# Example 1: High Risk
# 75yo, HR 110, SBP 100, Cr 2.0, Killip 3, ST Dev Yes, Enzymes Yes
# Score calculation depends on variable bins.
grace_acs_risk(75, 110, 100, 2.0, 3, 0, 1, 1)

# Example 2: Low Risk
# 50yo, HR 70, SBP 130, Cr 0.9, Killip 1, No arrest/ST dev/Enzymes
grace_acs_risk(50, 70, 130, 0.9, 1, 0, 0, 0)

cliot documentation built on Dec. 1, 2025, 1:06 a.m.