panss_score: Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for...

In cliot: Clinical Indices and Outcomes Tools

Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for Schizophrenia

Description

Calculates the PANSS score, a comprehensive standard for assessing the severity of schizophrenia symptoms. It is divided into three subscales: Positive (P), Negative (N), and General Psychopathology (G). The total score ranges from 30 to 210.

Usage

panss_score(positive_scale_items, negative_scale_items,
            general_psychopathology_items)

Arguments

positive_scale_items	Numeric vector of length 7. Scores for items P1 through P7 (e.g., Delusions, Conceptual disorganization). Each item is scored 1 (Absent) to 7 (Extreme).
negative_scale_items	Numeric vector of length 7. Scores for items N1 through N7 (e.g., Blunted affect, Emotional withdrawal). Each item is scored 1 (Absent) to 7 (Extreme).
general_psychopathology_items	Numeric vector of length 16. Scores for items G1 through G16 (e.g., Somatic concern, Anxiety, Guilt feelings). Each item is scored 1 (Absent) to 7 (Extreme).

Value

A list containing:

PANSS_Total_Score	The sum of all 30 items (Range 30-210).
Severity_Estimate	Clinical impression based on Leucht et al. cutoffs.
Subscales	A list containing the individual sums for the Positive, Negative, and General subscales.

References

Kay SR, Fiszbein A, Opler LA. The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull. 1987;13(2):261-276. doi:10.1093/schbul/13.2.261 Leucht S, Kane JM, Kissling W, et al. What does the PANSS mean? Schizophr Res. 2005;79(2-3):231-238.

Examples

# Example 1: Moderate Severity
# P-scale (all 4s), N-scale (all 3s), G-scale (all 2s)
p_vec <- rep(4, 7)
n_vec <- rep(3, 7)
g_vec <- rep(2, 16)
# Total = 28 + 21 + 32 = 81
panss_score(p_vec, n_vec, g_vec)

# Example 2: Minimum Score (Absent symptoms)
p_min <- rep(1, 7)
n_min <- rep(1, 7)
g_min <- rep(1, 16)
# Total = 30
panss_score(p_min, n_min, g_min)

cliot documentation built on Dec. 1, 2025, 1:06 a.m.