pediatric_ins_outs: Pediatric Ins and Outs (Maintenance Fluids and Urine Output)

In cliot: Clinical Indices and Outcomes Tools

Pediatric Ins and Outs (Maintenance Fluids and Urine Output)

Description

Calculates the maintenance fluid requirements using the Holliday-Segar (4-2-1) Rule and estimates the target urine output based on the child's weight. This provides a guideline for fluid management and monitoring renal function in pediatric patients.

Usage

pediatric_ins_outs(weight_kg)

Arguments

weight_kg

Numeric. The patient's weight in kilograms.

Details

Maintenance Fluids (4-2-1 Rule):

• 0-10 kg: 4 mL/kg/hr

• 10-20 kg: 40 mL/hr + 2 mL/kg/hr for every kg above 10

• >20 kg: 60 mL/hr + 1 mL/kg/hr for every kg above 20

Target Urine Output (Estimates):

• Infants/Young Children: ~1-2 mL/kg/hr

• Children: ~1 mL/kg/hr

• Adolescents: ~0.5-1 mL/kg/hr

Value

A list containing:

Maintenance_Rate_mL_hr	The calculated hourly maintenance fluid rate.
Maintenance_Volume_24h_mL	The total daily maintenance fluid volume.
Target_Urine_Output_mL_hr	The estimated range for adequate urine output in mL/hr.
Target_Description	The specific rate standard used based on weight.

References

Holliday MA, Segar WE. The maintenance need for water in parenteral fluid therapy. Pediatrics. 1957;19(5):823-832.

Examples

# Example 1: 8 kg Infant
# Maint = 32 mL/hr, UO Target 8-16 mL/hr
pediatric_ins_outs(8)

# Example 2: 15 kg Child
# Maint = 40 + (5*2) = 50 mL/hr, UO Target 15-22.5 mL/hr
pediatric_ins_outs(15)

# Example 3: 50 kg Adolescent
# Maint = 60 + (30*1) = 90 mL/hr, UO Target 25-50 mL/hr
pediatric_ins_outs(50)

cliot documentation built on Dec. 1, 2025, 1:06 a.m.