piama_risk_score: PIAMA Risk Score for Asthma Prediction

In cliot: Clinical Indices and Outcomes Tools

PIAMA Risk Score for Asthma Prediction

Description

Calculates the Prevention and Incidence of Asthma and Mite Allergy (PIAMA) Risk Score. This tool predicts the probability of a preschool-aged child (tested around age 4) developing asthma by school age (age 8), based on eight clinical and demographic variables.

Usage

piama_risk_score(sex, gestational_age_gt_40_weeks,
                 parental_education_low_intermediate, parental_asthma,
                 eczema, wheezing_frequency, wheezing_apart_from_colds,
                 inhaled_medication)

Arguments

sex	String. Child's sex ("Male" or "Female"). (Male adds 2 points).
gestational_age_gt_40_weeks	Numeric (0 or 1). Was the child born post-term (> 40 weeks gestation)? (1 = Yes, +1 point).
parental_education_low_intermediate	Numeric (0 or 1). Is maternal/paternal education level low or intermediate (i.e., not high/tertiary)? (1 = Yes, +1 point).
parental_asthma	Numeric (0 or 1). Does a parent have asthma? (1 = Yes, +2 points).
eczema	Numeric (0 or 1). Does the child have eczema? (1 = Yes, +1 point).
wheezing_frequency	String. Frequency of wheezing in the past year. "none": 0 points. "1_to_3": 1-3 episodes (+1 point). "4_or_more": >= 4 episodes (+5 points).
wheezing_apart_from_colds	Numeric (0 or 1). Does wheezing occur apart from colds? (1 = Yes, +2 points).
inhaled_medication	Numeric (0 or 1). Did the child use inhaled medication (bronchodilators or steroids) in the last year? (1 = Yes, +4 points).

Value

A list containing:

PIAMA_Score	The calculated risk score (Range 0-18).
Asthma_Risk_Age_8	Estimated probability of having asthma at age 8 years.

References

Caudri D, Wijga A, A Schipper CM, et al. Predicting the long-term prognosis of children with symptoms suggestive of asthma at preschool age. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2009;124(5):903-910.e1-7. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2009.06.045

Examples

# Example 1: High Risk
# Male (+2), Post-term (+1), Parent Asthma (+2), Wheeze >4x (+5), Meds (+4)
# Score = 14
piama_risk_score("male", 1, 0, 1, 0, "4_or_more", 0, 1)

# Example 2: Low Risk
# Female, Term, High Education, No Hx, Wheeze 1-3x (+1)
# Score = 1
piama_risk_score("female", 0, 0, 0, 0, "1_to_3", 0, 0)

cliot documentation built on Dec. 1, 2025, 1:06 a.m.