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bi2KMSv2<-function(r1=sum(x),n1=length(x),r2=sum(y),n2=length(y),
x=NA,y=NA,nullval=0){
#
# Test the hypothesis that two independent binomials have equal
# probability of success using method KMS.
#
# Unlike the function bi2KMS, a p-value is returned
#
# r1=number of successes in group 1
# n1=number of observations in group 1
#
# Uses Kulinskaya et al. method American Statistician, 2010, 64, 350-
#
# null value is the hypothesized value for p1-p2
#
alph<-c(1:99)/100
for(i in 1:99){
irem<-i
chkit<-bi2KMS(r1=r1,n1=n1,r2=r2,n2=n2,x=x,y=x,alpha=alph[i])
if(chkit$ci[1]>nullval || chkit$ci[2]<nullval)break
}
p.value<-irem/100
if(p.value<=.1){
iup<-(irem+1)/100
alph<-seq(.001,iup,.001)
for(i in 1:length(alph)){
p.value<-alph[i]
chkit<-bi2KMS(r1=r1,n1=n1,r2=r2,n2=n2,x=x,y=x,alpha=alph[i])
if(chkit$ci[1]>nullval || chkit$ci[2]<nullval)break
}}
est=bi2KMS(r1=r1,n1=n1,r2=r2,n2=n2,x=x,y=y)
list(ci=est$ci,est.p1=est$p1,est.p2=est$p2,p.value=p.value)
}
bi2KMS<-function(r1=sum(x),n1=length(x),r2=sum(y),n2=length(y),
x=NA,y=NA,alpha=.05){
#
# Test the hypothesis that two independent binomials have equal
# probability of success
#
# r1=number of successes in group 1
# n1=number of observations in group 1
#
# Use Kulinskaya et al. method American Statistician, 2010, 64, 350-
#
N=n1+n2
u=.5
Dhat=(r1+.5)/(n1+1)-(r2+.5)/(n2+1)
psihat=((r1+.5)/(n1+1)+(r2+.5)/(n2+1))/2
nuhat=(1-2*psihat)*(.5-n2/N)
what=sqrt(2*u*psihat*(1-psihat)+nuhat^2)
se=qnorm(1-alpha/2)*sqrt(u/(2*n1*n2/N))
val1=max(c(-1,(u*Dhat+nuhat)/what-se))
ci=what*sin(asin(val1))/u-nuhat/u
val2=min(c(1,(u*Dhat+nuhat)/what+se))
ci[2]=what*sin(asin(val2))/u-nuhat/u
list(ci=ci,p1=r1/n1,p2=r2/n2)
}
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