spatialSign: Compute the multivariate spatial sign
In caret: Classification and Regression Training
Description
Usage
Arguments
Value
Author(s)
References
Examples
Description
Compute the spatial sign (a projection of a data vector to a unit length circle). The spatial sign of a vector w is w /norm(w).
Usage
1
2
3
4
5
6
## Default S3 method:
spatialSign(x)
## S3 method for class 'matrix'
spatialSign(x)
## S3 method for class 'data.frame'
spatialSign(x)
Arguments
x
an object full of numeric data (which should probably be scaled). Factors are not allowed. This could be a vector, matrix or data frame.
Value
A vector, matrix or data frame with the same dim names of the original data.
Author(s)
Max Kuhn
References
Serneels et al. Spatial sign preprocessing: a simple way to impart moderate robustness to multivariate estimators. J. Chem. Inf. Model (2006) vol. 46 (3) pp. 1402-1409
Examples
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
spatialSign(rnorm(5))
spatialSign(matrix(rnorm(12), ncol = 3))
# should fail since the fifth column is a factor
try(spatialSign(iris), silent = TRUE)
spatialSign(iris[,-5])
trellis.par.set(caretTheme())
featurePlot(iris[,-5], iris[,5], "pairs")
featurePlot(spatialSign(scale(iris[,-5])), iris[,5], "pairs")
Example output
Loading required package: lattice
Loading required package: ggplot2
[1] 0.46540476 -0.40503090 -0.67357465 -0.40018175 -0.07416288
[,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,] 0.7954431 -0.1486858 0.58750557
[2,] -0.2885908 -0.3715746 -0.88241014
[3,] -0.8519398 0.5214722 -0.04759519
[4,] 0.6274777 0.7496535 0.21045519
Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width
1 0.8037728 0.5516088 0.2206435 0.03152050
2 0.8281329 0.5070201 0.2366094 0.03380134
3 0.8053331 0.5483119 0.2227517 0.03426949
4 0.8000302 0.5391508 0.2608794 0.03478392
5 0.7909650 0.5694948 0.2214702 0.03163860
6 0.7841750 0.5663486 0.2468699 0.05808704
7 0.7801094 0.5766026 0.2374246 0.05087670
8 0.8021849 0.5454857 0.2406555 0.03208740
9 0.8064237 0.5315065 0.2565893 0.03665562
10 0.8180312 0.5175299 0.2504177 0.01669451
11 0.8037352 0.5507074 0.2232598 0.02976797
12 0.7869910 0.5574520 0.2623303 0.03279129
13 0.8230722 0.5144201 0.2400627 0.01714734
14 0.8025126 0.5598925 0.2052939 0.01866308
15 0.8112086 0.5594542 0.1678363 0.02797271
16 0.7738111 0.5973279 0.2036345 0.05430253
17 0.7942894 0.5736535 0.1912178 0.05883625
18 0.8032741 0.5512666 0.2205066 0.04725142
19 0.8068282 0.5378855 0.2406330 0.04246464
20 0.7796488 0.5809148 0.2293085 0.04586170
21 0.8173379 0.5146202 0.2573101 0.03027177
22 0.7859186 0.5701762 0.2311525 0.06164067
23 0.7757707 0.6071249 0.1686458 0.03372916
24 0.8059779 0.5215151 0.2686593 0.07901744
25 0.7761140 0.5497474 0.3072118 0.03233808
26 0.8264745 0.4958847 0.2644718 0.03305898
27 0.7977821 0.5424918 0.2552903 0.06382256
28 0.8064196 0.5427825 0.2326211 0.03101614
29 0.8160943 0.5336001 0.2197177 0.03138824
30 0.7952406 0.5414404 0.2707202 0.03384003
31 0.8084658 0.5221342 0.2694886 0.03368608
32 0.8222503 0.5177131 0.2284029 0.06090743
33 0.7657831 0.6037905 0.2208990 0.01472660
34 0.7786745 0.5946241 0.1982080 0.02831544
35 0.8176894 0.5173137 0.2503131 0.03337508
36 0.8251230 0.5280787 0.1980295 0.03300492
37 0.8269975 0.5262712 0.1954721 0.03007264
38 0.7852322 0.5769053 0.2243521 0.01602515
39 0.8021241 0.5469028 0.2369912 0.03646019
40 0.8077957 0.5385305 0.2375870 0.03167826
41 0.8003330 0.5602331 0.2080866 0.04801998
42 0.8609386 0.4400353 0.2487156 0.05739590
43 0.7860904 0.5717021 0.2322540 0.03573138
44 0.7888948 0.5522264 0.2524463 0.09466737
45 0.7669390 0.5714447 0.2857224 0.06015208
46 0.8221058 0.5138162 0.2397809 0.05138162
47 0.7772909 0.5791579 0.2438560 0.03048200
48 0.7959478 0.5537028 0.2422450 0.03460643
49 0.7983702 0.5573528 0.2259538 0.03012718
50 0.8122836 0.5361072 0.2274394 0.03249135
51 0.7670110 0.3506336 0.5149931 0.15340221
52 0.7454976 0.3727488 0.5241780 0.17472599
53 0.7551929 0.3392895 0.5362964 0.16417236
54 0.7538492 0.3152460 0.5482539 0.17818253
55 0.7581754 0.3265986 0.5365549 0.17496355
56 0.7223296 0.3548286 0.5702602 0.16474184
57 0.7263485 0.3804682 0.5418790 0.18446945
58 0.7591655 0.3718361 0.5112747 0.15493173
59 0.7630185 0.3352657 0.5318008 0.15029153
60 0.7246023 0.3762358 0.5434518 0.19508524
61 0.7692308 0.3076923 0.5384615 0.15384615
62 0.7392346 0.3758820 0.5262348 0.18794100
63 0.7889275 0.2892734 0.5259517 0.13148792
64 0.7308141 0.3474362 0.5630863 0.16772783
65 0.7591171 0.3931142 0.4880038 0.17622361
66 0.7694544 0.3560162 0.5053134 0.16078153
67 0.7063189 0.3783851 0.5675777 0.18919257
68 0.7567650 0.3522871 0.5349545 0.13047672
69 0.7644424 0.2712537 0.5548372 0.18494574
70 0.7618519 0.3401124 0.5305754 0.14964948
71 0.6985796 0.3788906 0.5683359 0.21312598
72 0.7701185 0.3534970 0.5049958 0.16412362
73 0.7414331 0.2942195 0.5766702 0.17653168
74 0.7365989 0.3381110 0.5675435 0.14490471
75 0.7674170 0.3477358 0.5156083 0.15588157
76 0.7678573 0.3490260 0.5119048 0.16287881
77 0.7646727 0.3148652 0.5397690 0.15743261
78 0.7408858 0.3317399 0.5528998 0.18798594
79 0.7335095 0.3545296 0.5501321 0.18337737
80 0.7866747 0.3588341 0.4830459 0.13801311
81 0.7652185 0.3339135 0.5286965 0.15304371
82 0.7724292 0.3370600 0.5196342 0.14044168
83 0.7643498 0.3558180 0.5139594 0.15814134
84 0.7077953 0.3185079 0.6016260 0.18874540
85 0.6933341 0.3851856 0.5777784 0.19259280
86 0.7152494 0.4053080 0.5364370 0.19073316
87 0.7545734 0.3491310 0.5293276 0.16893434
88 0.7753002 0.2830461 0.5414795 0.15998258
89 0.7299244 0.3910309 0.5344090 0.16944674
90 0.7471419 0.3396100 0.5433760 0.17659719
91 0.7233712 0.3419573 0.5786969 0.15782644
92 0.7326039 0.3602970 0.5524554 0.16813860
93 0.7626299 0.3418686 0.5259517 0.15778550
94 0.7698688 0.3541396 0.5081134 0.15397376
95 0.7354428 0.3545885 0.5515821 0.17072780
96 0.7323962 0.3854717 0.5396603 0.15418867
97 0.7344605 0.3736729 0.5411814 0.16750853
98 0.7572810 0.3542121 0.5252110 0.15878473
99 0.7825805 0.3836179 0.4603415 0.16879188
100 0.7431482 0.3650553 0.5345452 0.16948994
101 0.6538775 0.3425072 0.6227404 0.25947519
102 0.6905251 0.3214514 0.6071859 0.22620651
103 0.7149140 0.3020764 0.5940835 0.21145345
104 0.6927680 0.3188932 0.6157937 0.19793370
105 0.6861902 0.3167032 0.6122928 0.23224900
106 0.7095371 0.2800804 0.6161769 0.19605630
107 0.6705412 0.3421128 0.6158031 0.23263673
108 0.7136656 0.2835110 0.6159032 0.17597233
109 0.7141413 0.2664706 0.6182118 0.19185884
110 0.6919879 0.3459939 0.5862675 0.24027357
111 0.7156264 0.3523084 0.5614915 0.22019275
112 0.7157655 0.3019636 0.5927433 0.21249287
113 0.7171815 0.3164036 0.5800733 0.22148252
114 0.6925518 0.3037508 0.6075016 0.24300063
115 0.6776792 0.3271555 0.5958904 0.28041899
116 0.6958989 0.3479494 0.5762913 0.25008866
117 0.7061047 0.3258945 0.5974732 0.19553670
118 0.6929910 0.3419956 0.6029922 0.19799743
119 0.7060062 0.2383917 0.6326549 0.21088496
120 0.7271258 0.2666128 0.6059382 0.18178146
121 0.7055893 0.3272298 0.5828782 0.23519645
122 0.6830792 0.3415396 0.5976943 0.24395687
123 0.7148654 0.2599511 0.6220258 0.18567933
124 0.7312246 0.3133820 0.5687303 0.20892133
125 0.6959560 0.3427843 0.5920820 0.21813547
126 0.7152945 0.3179087 0.5960788 0.17882363
127 0.7278520 0.3287073 0.5634983 0.21131186
128 0.7117121 0.3500224 0.5717032 0.21001342
129 0.6959400 0.3044738 0.6089475 0.22835532
130 0.7308986 0.3045411 0.5887794 0.16242190
131 0.7276616 0.2753314 0.5998292 0.18683203
132 0.7157900 0.3443040 0.5798805 0.18121266
133 0.6941775 0.3037026 0.6074053 0.23862350
134 0.7236600 0.3216267 0.5858200 0.17230001
135 0.6938541 0.2957411 0.6369808 0.15924521
136 0.7315440 0.2850171 0.5795348 0.21851314
137 0.6701748 0.3616817 0.5957110 0.25530470
138 0.6980480 0.3381170 0.5998850 0.19632600
139 0.7106691 0.3553345 0.5685352 0.21320072
140 0.7241526 0.3253439 0.5667281 0.22039426
141 0.6999704 0.3238669 0.5850499 0.25073566
142 0.7333789 0.3294891 0.5420626 0.24445962
143 0.6905251 0.3214514 0.6071859 0.22620651
144 0.6919350 0.3256165 0.6003554 0.23403685
145 0.6891487 0.3394315 0.5862907 0.25714504
146 0.7215572 0.3230853 0.5600146 0.24769876
147 0.7296536 0.2895451 0.5790902 0.22005426
148 0.7165390 0.3307103 0.5732312 0.22047353
149 0.6746707 0.3699807 0.5876164 0.25028107
150 0.6902592 0.3509792 0.5966647 0.21058754
caret documentation built on May 2, 2019, 5:47 p.m.
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Description Usage Arguments Value Author(s) References Examples
Description
Compute the spatial sign (a projection of a data vector to a unit length circle). The spatial sign of a vector w is w /norm(w).
Usage
1 2 3 4 5 6 | ## Default S3 method:
spatialSign(x)
## S3 method for class 'matrix'
spatialSign(x)
## S3 method for class 'data.frame'
spatialSign(x)
|
Arguments
x |
an object full of numeric data (which should probably be scaled). Factors are not allowed. This could be a vector, matrix or data frame. |
Value
A vector, matrix or data frame with the same dim names of the original data.
Author(s)
Max Kuhn
References
Serneels et al. Spatial sign preprocessing: a simple way to impart moderate robustness to multivariate estimators. J. Chem. Inf. Model (2006) vol. 46 (3) pp. 1402-1409
Examples
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 | spatialSign(rnorm(5))
spatialSign(matrix(rnorm(12), ncol = 3))
# should fail since the fifth column is a factor
try(spatialSign(iris), silent = TRUE)
spatialSign(iris[,-5])
trellis.par.set(caretTheme())
featurePlot(iris[,-5], iris[,5], "pairs")
featurePlot(spatialSign(scale(iris[,-5])), iris[,5], "pairs")
|
Example output
Loading required package: lattice
Loading required package: ggplot2
[1] 0.46540476 -0.40503090 -0.67357465 -0.40018175 -0.07416288
[,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,] 0.7954431 -0.1486858 0.58750557
[2,] -0.2885908 -0.3715746 -0.88241014
[3,] -0.8519398 0.5214722 -0.04759519
[4,] 0.6274777 0.7496535 0.21045519
Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width
1 0.8037728 0.5516088 0.2206435 0.03152050
2 0.8281329 0.5070201 0.2366094 0.03380134
3 0.8053331 0.5483119 0.2227517 0.03426949
4 0.8000302 0.5391508 0.2608794 0.03478392
5 0.7909650 0.5694948 0.2214702 0.03163860
6 0.7841750 0.5663486 0.2468699 0.05808704
7 0.7801094 0.5766026 0.2374246 0.05087670
8 0.8021849 0.5454857 0.2406555 0.03208740
9 0.8064237 0.5315065 0.2565893 0.03665562
10 0.8180312 0.5175299 0.2504177 0.01669451
11 0.8037352 0.5507074 0.2232598 0.02976797
12 0.7869910 0.5574520 0.2623303 0.03279129
13 0.8230722 0.5144201 0.2400627 0.01714734
14 0.8025126 0.5598925 0.2052939 0.01866308
15 0.8112086 0.5594542 0.1678363 0.02797271
16 0.7738111 0.5973279 0.2036345 0.05430253
17 0.7942894 0.5736535 0.1912178 0.05883625
18 0.8032741 0.5512666 0.2205066 0.04725142
19 0.8068282 0.5378855 0.2406330 0.04246464
20 0.7796488 0.5809148 0.2293085 0.04586170
21 0.8173379 0.5146202 0.2573101 0.03027177
22 0.7859186 0.5701762 0.2311525 0.06164067
23 0.7757707 0.6071249 0.1686458 0.03372916
24 0.8059779 0.5215151 0.2686593 0.07901744
25 0.7761140 0.5497474 0.3072118 0.03233808
26 0.8264745 0.4958847 0.2644718 0.03305898
27 0.7977821 0.5424918 0.2552903 0.06382256
28 0.8064196 0.5427825 0.2326211 0.03101614
29 0.8160943 0.5336001 0.2197177 0.03138824
30 0.7952406 0.5414404 0.2707202 0.03384003
31 0.8084658 0.5221342 0.2694886 0.03368608
32 0.8222503 0.5177131 0.2284029 0.06090743
33 0.7657831 0.6037905 0.2208990 0.01472660
34 0.7786745 0.5946241 0.1982080 0.02831544
35 0.8176894 0.5173137 0.2503131 0.03337508
36 0.8251230 0.5280787 0.1980295 0.03300492
37 0.8269975 0.5262712 0.1954721 0.03007264
38 0.7852322 0.5769053 0.2243521 0.01602515
39 0.8021241 0.5469028 0.2369912 0.03646019
40 0.8077957 0.5385305 0.2375870 0.03167826
41 0.8003330 0.5602331 0.2080866 0.04801998
42 0.8609386 0.4400353 0.2487156 0.05739590
43 0.7860904 0.5717021 0.2322540 0.03573138
44 0.7888948 0.5522264 0.2524463 0.09466737
45 0.7669390 0.5714447 0.2857224 0.06015208
46 0.8221058 0.5138162 0.2397809 0.05138162
47 0.7772909 0.5791579 0.2438560 0.03048200
48 0.7959478 0.5537028 0.2422450 0.03460643
49 0.7983702 0.5573528 0.2259538 0.03012718
50 0.8122836 0.5361072 0.2274394 0.03249135
51 0.7670110 0.3506336 0.5149931 0.15340221
52 0.7454976 0.3727488 0.5241780 0.17472599
53 0.7551929 0.3392895 0.5362964 0.16417236
54 0.7538492 0.3152460 0.5482539 0.17818253
55 0.7581754 0.3265986 0.5365549 0.17496355
56 0.7223296 0.3548286 0.5702602 0.16474184
57 0.7263485 0.3804682 0.5418790 0.18446945
58 0.7591655 0.3718361 0.5112747 0.15493173
59 0.7630185 0.3352657 0.5318008 0.15029153
60 0.7246023 0.3762358 0.5434518 0.19508524
61 0.7692308 0.3076923 0.5384615 0.15384615
62 0.7392346 0.3758820 0.5262348 0.18794100
63 0.7889275 0.2892734 0.5259517 0.13148792
64 0.7308141 0.3474362 0.5630863 0.16772783
65 0.7591171 0.3931142 0.4880038 0.17622361
66 0.7694544 0.3560162 0.5053134 0.16078153
67 0.7063189 0.3783851 0.5675777 0.18919257
68 0.7567650 0.3522871 0.5349545 0.13047672
69 0.7644424 0.2712537 0.5548372 0.18494574
70 0.7618519 0.3401124 0.5305754 0.14964948
71 0.6985796 0.3788906 0.5683359 0.21312598
72 0.7701185 0.3534970 0.5049958 0.16412362
73 0.7414331 0.2942195 0.5766702 0.17653168
74 0.7365989 0.3381110 0.5675435 0.14490471
75 0.7674170 0.3477358 0.5156083 0.15588157
76 0.7678573 0.3490260 0.5119048 0.16287881
77 0.7646727 0.3148652 0.5397690 0.15743261
78 0.7408858 0.3317399 0.5528998 0.18798594
79 0.7335095 0.3545296 0.5501321 0.18337737
80 0.7866747 0.3588341 0.4830459 0.13801311
81 0.7652185 0.3339135 0.5286965 0.15304371
82 0.7724292 0.3370600 0.5196342 0.14044168
83 0.7643498 0.3558180 0.5139594 0.15814134
84 0.7077953 0.3185079 0.6016260 0.18874540
85 0.6933341 0.3851856 0.5777784 0.19259280
86 0.7152494 0.4053080 0.5364370 0.19073316
87 0.7545734 0.3491310 0.5293276 0.16893434
88 0.7753002 0.2830461 0.5414795 0.15998258
89 0.7299244 0.3910309 0.5344090 0.16944674
90 0.7471419 0.3396100 0.5433760 0.17659719
91 0.7233712 0.3419573 0.5786969 0.15782644
92 0.7326039 0.3602970 0.5524554 0.16813860
93 0.7626299 0.3418686 0.5259517 0.15778550
94 0.7698688 0.3541396 0.5081134 0.15397376
95 0.7354428 0.3545885 0.5515821 0.17072780
96 0.7323962 0.3854717 0.5396603 0.15418867
97 0.7344605 0.3736729 0.5411814 0.16750853
98 0.7572810 0.3542121 0.5252110 0.15878473
99 0.7825805 0.3836179 0.4603415 0.16879188
100 0.7431482 0.3650553 0.5345452 0.16948994
101 0.6538775 0.3425072 0.6227404 0.25947519
102 0.6905251 0.3214514 0.6071859 0.22620651
103 0.7149140 0.3020764 0.5940835 0.21145345
104 0.6927680 0.3188932 0.6157937 0.19793370
105 0.6861902 0.3167032 0.6122928 0.23224900
106 0.7095371 0.2800804 0.6161769 0.19605630
107 0.6705412 0.3421128 0.6158031 0.23263673
108 0.7136656 0.2835110 0.6159032 0.17597233
109 0.7141413 0.2664706 0.6182118 0.19185884
110 0.6919879 0.3459939 0.5862675 0.24027357
111 0.7156264 0.3523084 0.5614915 0.22019275
112 0.7157655 0.3019636 0.5927433 0.21249287
113 0.7171815 0.3164036 0.5800733 0.22148252
114 0.6925518 0.3037508 0.6075016 0.24300063
115 0.6776792 0.3271555 0.5958904 0.28041899
116 0.6958989 0.3479494 0.5762913 0.25008866
117 0.7061047 0.3258945 0.5974732 0.19553670
118 0.6929910 0.3419956 0.6029922 0.19799743
119 0.7060062 0.2383917 0.6326549 0.21088496
120 0.7271258 0.2666128 0.6059382 0.18178146
121 0.7055893 0.3272298 0.5828782 0.23519645
122 0.6830792 0.3415396 0.5976943 0.24395687
123 0.7148654 0.2599511 0.6220258 0.18567933
124 0.7312246 0.3133820 0.5687303 0.20892133
125 0.6959560 0.3427843 0.5920820 0.21813547
126 0.7152945 0.3179087 0.5960788 0.17882363
127 0.7278520 0.3287073 0.5634983 0.21131186
128 0.7117121 0.3500224 0.5717032 0.21001342
129 0.6959400 0.3044738 0.6089475 0.22835532
130 0.7308986 0.3045411 0.5887794 0.16242190
131 0.7276616 0.2753314 0.5998292 0.18683203
132 0.7157900 0.3443040 0.5798805 0.18121266
133 0.6941775 0.3037026 0.6074053 0.23862350
134 0.7236600 0.3216267 0.5858200 0.17230001
135 0.6938541 0.2957411 0.6369808 0.15924521
136 0.7315440 0.2850171 0.5795348 0.21851314
137 0.6701748 0.3616817 0.5957110 0.25530470
138 0.6980480 0.3381170 0.5998850 0.19632600
139 0.7106691 0.3553345 0.5685352 0.21320072
140 0.7241526 0.3253439 0.5667281 0.22039426
141 0.6999704 0.3238669 0.5850499 0.25073566
142 0.7333789 0.3294891 0.5420626 0.24445962
143 0.6905251 0.3214514 0.6071859 0.22620651
144 0.6919350 0.3256165 0.6003554 0.23403685
145 0.6891487 0.3394315 0.5862907 0.25714504
146 0.7215572 0.3230853 0.5600146 0.24769876
147 0.7296536 0.2895451 0.5790902 0.22005426
148 0.7165390 0.3307103 0.5732312 0.22047353
149 0.6746707 0.3699807 0.5876164 0.25028107
150 0.6902592 0.3509792 0.5966647 0.21058754
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