returns.plot: Plot some return levels.

In ExtremalDep: Extremal Dependence Models

Plot some return levels.

Description

This function displays return levels for bivariate and trivariate extreme values models.

Usage

returns.plot(model, par, Q.fix, Q.range, Q.range0, cond, labels, cex.lab, ...)

Arguments

model	A string with the name of the model considered. Takes value "HR", "ET" or "EST".
par	A vector representing the parameters of the model.
Q.fix	A vector of length the dimension of the model, indicating some fixed quantiles to compute joint return levels. Must contain NA (maximum 2) for components whose quantiles are allowed to vary.
Q.range	A vector or matrix indicating quantile values on the unit Frechet scale, for the components that are allowed to vary. Must be a vector or a one-column matrix if there is one NA in Q.fix. Must be a two-column matrix if there are two NAs in Q.fix.
Q.range0	A object of the same format as Q.range, corresponding to the quantiles on the original scale.
cond	A logical value; if TRUE then conditional return levels are computed where the conditional event is the fixed event. Default if FALSE.
labels	A vector of character strings indicating the labels. Must be of length 1 or 2 for uni/bi-variate return levels.
cex.lab	A positive real indicating the size of the labels.
...	Additional graphical arguments for the plot() and contour() functions.

Details

There are two possibilities: univariate and bivariate return levels. Since the model dimensions are restricted to a maximum of three, in that case, a univariate return level corresponds to fixing two components while a bivariate return level fixes only one component. The choice of the fixed component is decided by the position of the NA value(s) in the Q.fix argument. If par is a vector then the corresponding return level(s) are printed. However if par is a matrix then the return level(s) are evaluated for each value of the parameter vector and the mean, and empirical 95\% empirical interval are displayed. Typically this is used when posterior samples are available. When par is a matrix with only two rows, resulting plots may not provide much information. When contours are displayed, levels are chosen to be the deciles.

Author(s)

Simone Padoan, [e-mail], https://faculty.unibocconi.it/simonepadoan/; Boris Beranger, [e-mail] https://www.borisberanger.com;

See Also

dExtDep, index.ExtDep.

Examples

data(pollution)

X.range <- seq(from=68, to=400, length=10)
Y.range <- seq(from=182.6, to=800, length=10)

transform <- function (x, data, par){
  data <- na.omit(data)
  if(x > par[1]){
    emp.dist <- mean(data <= par[1])
    dist <- 1 - ( 1-emp.dist ) * max(0, 1+par[3]*(x-par[1])/par[2])^(-1/par[3])
  }else{
    dist <- mean(data <= x)
  }
  return(-1/log(dist))
}

Q.range <- cbind(sapply(X.range, transform, data=winterdat[,1], par=c(68, 36.7, 0.29)),
                 sapply(Y.range, transform, data=winterdat[,1], par=c(183, 136.7, 0.13)))
Q.range0 <- cbind(X.range, Y.range)



  returns.plot(model="HR", par=c(0.6, 0.9, 1.0), Q.fix=c(NA, NA, 7), 
               Q.range=Q.range, Q.range0=Q.range0, labels = c("PM10", "NO"))

ExtremalDep documentation built on June 29, 2025, 9:06 a.m.