Nothing
R/datasetsDoc.R
In mosaicData: Project MOSAIC Data Sets
#' Volume of Users of a Rail Trail
#'
#' The Pioneer Valley Planning Commission (PVPC) collected data north of Chestnut Street in
#' Florence, MA for ninety days from April 5, 2005 to November 15, 2005. Data collectors set up a
#' laser sensor, with breaks in the laser beam recording when a rail-trail user passed the
#' data collection station.
#'
#' @docType data
#' @name RailTrail
#' @usage data(RailTrail)
#' @format
#' A data frame with 90 observations on the following variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{hightemp}}{daily high temperature (in degrees Fahrenheit)}
#' \item{\code{lowtemp}}{daily low temperature (in degrees Fahrenheit)}
#' \item{\code{avgtemp}}{average of daily low and daily high temperature (in degrees Fahrenheit)}
#' \item{\code{spring}}{indicator of whether the season was Spring}
#' \item{\code{summer}}{indicator of whether the season was Summer}
#' \item{\code{fall}}{indicator of whether the season was Fall}
#' \item{\code{cloudcover}}{measure of cloud cover (in oktas)}
#' \item{\code{precip}}{measure of precipitation (in inches)}
#' \item{\code{volume}}{estimated number of trail users that day (number of breaks recorded)}
#' \item{\code{weekday}}{logical indicator of whether the day was a non-holiday weekday}
#' \item{\code{dayType}}{one of "weekday" or "weekend"}
#' }
#'
#' @details
#' There is a potential for error when two users trigger the infrared beam at exactly the same time since the counter
#' would only logs one of the crossings. The collectors left the motion detector out during the winter, but because the
#' counter drops data when the temperature falls below 14 degrees Fahrenheit, there is no data for the cold winter months.
#'
#' @source
#' Pioneer Valley Planning Commission
#'
#' @references
#' http://www.fvgreenway.org/pdfs/Northampton-Bikepath-Volume-Counts%20_05_LTA.pdf
#'
#' @examples
#' data(RailTrail)
#'
NA
#' Alcohol Consumption per Capita
#'
#' These data provide per capita alcohol consumption values
#' for many countries in 2005 and 2008. There are also a few
#' countries for which there are data in other years.
#'
#' @docType data
#' @name Alcohol
#' @usage data(Alcohol)
#' @format
#' A data frame with 411 observations on the following variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{country}}{country name}
#' \item{\code{year}}{year}
#' \item{\code{alcohol}}{estimated per capita alcohol consumption for adults (15+)
#' in litres pure alcohol}
#' }
#'
#' @source
#' Gapminder (\url{https://www.gapminder.org/data/})
#'
#'
#' @examples
#' data(Alcohol)
#' # There are only a few observations in years other than 2005 and 2008
#' subset(Alcohol, ! year %in% c(2005,2008))
NA
#' Standard Deck of Cards
#'
#' A character vector with two or three character representations of
#' each card in a standard 52-card deck.
#'
#' @name Cards
#' @aliases card
#' @docType data
#'
#' @usage Cards
#'
#' @details
#' The 2 of clubs is represented as "2C", while the 10 of diamonds is "10D".
#'
#' @examples
#' if (require(mosaic)) {
#' deal(Cards, 13) # bridge hand
#' deal(Cards, 5) # poker hand
#' shuffle(Cards) # shuffled deck
#' }
#'
#' @keywords datasets
NA
#' Countries
#'
#' A data frame containing country names as used by Gapminder and the \code{maps}
#' package to facilitate conversation between the two.
#'
#' @name Countries
#' @aliases Countries
#' @docType data
#'
#' @usage data(Countries)
#' @format
#' A data frame with 258 observations on the following variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{maptools}}{region name http://mappinghacks.com/ data sets}
#' \item{\code{gapminder}}{country name in Gapminder data sets}
#' \item{\code{maps}}{region name in \code{maps} data sets}
#' }
#'
#' @details
#' The "countries" in the \code{maps} data include several other geographic regions (bodies
#' of water, islands belonging to other countries, Hawaii, etc.) that are not countries.
#' Furthermore, the \code{maps} countries do not include many of the countries that
#' have been created since ca. 2000. The mapping is therefore many-to-many, and also
#' includes some NAs when there is no appropriate mapping. Bodies of water in the
#' \code{maps} data, for example, are not assigned a country in the Gapminder.
#'
#' @examples
#' data(Countries)
#' subset(Countries, maps=="Yugoslavia") # Where has Yugoslavia gone?
#' subset(Countries, is.na(gapminder)) # Things from maps with no Gapminder equivalent
#' subset(Countries, is.na(maps)) # Things from Gapminder with no maps equivalent
#' @keywords datasets
NA
#' Data from the 1985 Current Population Survey (CPS85)
#'
#' The Current Population Survey (CPS) is used to supplement census
#' information between census years. These data consist of a random
#' sample of persons from the CPS85, with information on wages and
#' other characteristics of the workers, including sex, number of years
#' of education, years of work experience, occupational status, region of
#' residence and union membership.
#'
#' @docType data
#' @name CPS85
#' @usage data(CPS85)
#' @format
#' A data frame with 534 observations on the following variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{wage}}{wage (US dollars per hour)}
#' \item{\code{educ}}{number of years of education}
#' \item{\code{race}}{a factor with levels \code{NW} (nonwhite) or \code{W} (white)}
#' \item{\code{sex}}{a factor with levels \code{F} \code{M}}
#' \item{\code{hispanic}}{a factor with levels \code{Hisp} \code{NH}}
#' \item{\code{south}}{a factor with levels \code{NS} \code{S}}
#' \item{\code{married}}{a factor with levels \code{Married} \code{Single}}
#' \item{\code{exper}}{number of years of work experience (inferred from \code{age} and
#' \code{educ})}
#' \item{\code{union}}{a factor with levels \code{Not} \code{Union}}
#' \item{\code{age}}{age in years}
#' \item{\code{sector}}{a factor with levels \code{clerical} \code{const}
#' \code{manag} \code{manuf} \code{other} \code{prof} \code{sales} \code{service}}
#' }
#'
#' @details
#' Data are from 1985.
#' The data file is recoded from the original, which had
#' entirely numerical codes.
#'
#' @source
#' Data are from <https://dasl.datadescription.com>
#'
#' @references
#' Berndt, ER. \emph{The Practice of Econometrics} 1991. Addison-Wesley.
#'
#' @examples
#' data(CPS85)
#'
NA
#' Galton's dataset of parent and child heights
#'
#' In the 1880's, Francis Galton was developing ways to quantify the
#' heritability of traits. As part of this work, he collected data on
#' the heights of adult children and their parents.
#'
#' @docType data
#' @keywords datasets
#' @name Galton
#' @usage data(Galton)
#' @format
#' A data frame with 898 observations on the following variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{family}}{a factor with levels for each family}
#' \item{\code{father}}{the father's height (in inches)}
#' \item{\code{mother}}{the mother's height (in inches)}
#' \item{\code{sex}}{the child's sex: \code{F} or \code{M}}
#' \item{\code{height}}{the child's height as an adult (in inches)}
#' \item{\code{nkids}}{the number of adult children in the family, or, at least,
#' the number whose heights Galton recorded.}
#' }
#'
#' @details
#' Entries were deleted for
#' those children whose heights were not recorded numerically by Galton,
#' who sometimes used entries such as "tall", "short", "idiotic",
#' "deformed" and so on.
#'
#' @source
#' The data were transcribed by J.A. Hanley who has published them at
#' \url{http://www.medicine.mcgill.ca/epidemiology/hanley/galton/}
#'
#' @references
#' "Transmuting" women into men: Galton's family data on human stature. (2004)
#' \emph{The American Statistician}, 58(3):237-243.
#'
#' @examples
#' data(Galton)
#'
#' @keywords datasets
#'
#'
NA
#' Data from a heat exchanger laboratory
#'
#' These data were collected by engineering students at Calvin College.
#' The apparatus consists of concentric pipes insulated from the environment so that
#' as nearly as can be managed the only heat exchange is between the hot and cold water.
#'
#' @docType data
#' @keywords datasets
#' @name HeatX
#' @usage data(HeatX)
#' @format
#' A data frame with 6 observations on the following variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{trial}}{trial number}
#' \item{\code{T.cold.in}}{temperature (C) of the cold water as it enters the apparatus}
#' \item{\code{T.cold.out}}{temperature (C) of the cold water as it leaves the apparatus}
#' \item{\code{m.cold}}{flow rate (L/min) of the cold water}
#' \item{\code{T.hot.in}}{temperature (C) of the hot water as it enters the apparatus}
#' \item{\code{T.hot.out}}{temperature (C) of the hot water as it leaves the apparatus}
#' \item{\code{m.hot}}{flow rate (L/min) of the hot water}
#' }
#' @examples
#' # We can test for heat exchange with the environment by checking to see if the
#' # heat gained by the cold water matches the heat lost by the hot water.
#' C_p <- 4.182 / 60 # / 60 because measuring m in L/min
#' HeatX2 <-
#' dplyr::mutate(HeatX,
#' Q.cold = m.cold * C_p * (T.cold.out - T.cold.in),
#' Q.hot = m.hot * C_p * (T.hot.out- T.hot.in),
#' Q.env = Q.cold + Q.hot
#' )
#' if (require(ggformula)) {
#' gf_jitter( "" ~ Q.env, data = HeatX2, alpha = 0.6, size = 4,
#' width = 0, height = 0.1, seed = 123) |>
#' gf_labs(y = "")
#' }
#' if (require(mosaic)) {
#' t.test( ~Q.env, data = HeatX2 )
#' }
NA
#' Data from the Child Health and Development Studies
#'
#' Birth weight, date, and gestational period collected as part of the Child
#' Health and Development Studies in 1961 and 1962. Information about the baby's
#' parents --- age, education, height, weight, and whether the mother smoked is
#' also recorded.
#'
#' @name Gestation
#' @usage data(Gestation)
#' @docType data
#'
#' @format
#' A data frame with 1236 observations on the following variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{id}}{identification number}
#' \item{\code{plurality}}{all "single fetus" in this data set}
#' \item{\code{outcome}}{all "live birth" (survived at least 28 days) in this data set}
#' \item{\code{date}}{birth date where 1096=January 1, 1961}
#' \item{\code{gestation}}{length of gestation (in days)}
#' \item{\code{wt}}{birth weight (in ounces)}
#' \item{\code{parity}}{total number of previous pregnancies (including fetal deaths
#' and still births)}
#' \item{\code{sex}}{"male"}
#' \item{\code{race}}{mother's race: "asian", "black", "mex", "mixed", or "white"}
#' \item{\code{age}}{mother's age in years at termination of pregnancy}
#' \item{\code{ed}}{mother's education}
#' \item{\code{ht}}{mother's height in inches to the last completed inch}
#' \item{\code{wt.1}}{mother's prepregnancy weight (in pounds)}
#' \item{\code{drace}}{father's race}
#' \item{\code{dage}}{father's age (in years)}
#' \item{\code{ded}}{father's education}
#' \item{\code{dht}}{father's height in inches to the last completed inch}
#' \item{\code{dwt}}{father's weight (in pounds)}
#' \item{\code{marital}}{marital status},
#' \item{\code{inc}}{family yearly income in $2500 increments}
#' \item{\code{smoke}}{does mother smoke? (never, smokes now,
#' until current pregnancy, once did, not now)}
#' \item{\code{time}}{time since quitting smoking
#' (never smoked, still smokes, during current preg, within 1 year,
#' 1 to 2 years ago, 2 to 3 years ago, 3 to 4 years ago,
#' 5 to 9 years ago, 10+ years ago, quit and don't know}
#' \item{\code{number}}{number of cigarettes smoked per day for past and
#' current smokers (never, 1-4, 5-9, 10-14, 15-19, 20-29, 30-39, 40-60, 60+,
#' smoke but don't know)}
#' }
#'
#' @details
#' The data were presented by Nolan and Speed to address the question of whether there is a link between maternal smoking and the baby's health for male births.
#'
#' @source
#' The book by Nolan and Speed
#' describes the data in more detail
#' and provides an Internet site for accessing them:
#' \url{https://www.stat.berkeley.edu/users/statlabs/}
#'
#'
#' @references
#' D Nolan and T Speed. \emph{Stat Labs: Mathematical
#' Statistics Through Applications} (2000), Springer-Verlag.
#'
#' @examples
#' data(Gestation)
#'
#' @keywords datasets
NA
#' Health Evaluation and Linkage to Primary Care
#'
#' The HELP study was a clinical trial for adult inpatients recruited from a
#' detoxification unit. Patients with no primary care physician were randomized
#' to receive a multidisciplinary assessment and a brief motivational intervention
#' or usual care, with the goal of linking them to primary medical care.
#'
#' @keywords datasets
#' @name HELPfull
#' @usage data(HELPfull)
#' @docType data
#' @format
#' A data frame with 1472 observations on the following variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{ID}}{Subject ID}
#' \item{\code{A10}}{Marital Status (1=Married, 2=Remarried, 3=Widowed, 4= Separated, 5=Divorced, 6=Never Married}
#' \item{\code{A11A}}{Do you currently have a living mother? (0=No, 1= Yes}
#' \item{\code{A11B}}{Do you currently have a living father? (0=No, 1=Yes}
#' \item{\code{A11C}}{Do you currently have siblings? (0=No, 1=Yes}
#' \item{\code{A11D}}{Do you currently have a partner (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{A11E}}{Do you currently have children? (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{A12B_REC}}{Hollingshead category (recode) (0=Cat 1,2,3, 1=Cat 4,5,6, 2=Cat 7,8,9)}
#' \item{\code{A12B}}{Hollingshead categories (1=Major profess, 2=Lesser professional, 3=Minor professional, 4=Clerical/sales, 5=Skilled manual, 6=Semi-skilled, 7=Unskilled, 8= Homemaker, 9=No occupation)}
#' \item{\code{A13}}{Usual employment pattern in last 6 months (1=Full time, 2=Part time, 3=Student, 4=Unemployed, 5=Control envir)}
#' \item{\code{A14A}}{Lived alone-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{A14B}}{Lived with a partner-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes}
#' \item{\code{A14C}}{Lived with parent(s)-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{A14D}}{Lived with children-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{A14E}}{Lived with other family-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes}
#' \item{\code{A14F}}{Lived with friend(s)-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{A14G_T}}{a factor with levels \code{} \code{1/2 WAY HOUSE} \code{3/4 HOUSE} \code{ANCHOR INN} \code{ARMY} \code{ASSOCIATES} \code{BOARDERS} \code{BOYFRIENDS MOM} \code{CORRECTIONAL FACILIT} \code{CRACK HOUSE} \code{DEALER} \code{ENTRE FAMILIA} \code{FENWOOD} \code{GAVIN HSE} \code{GIRLFRIENDS DAUGHTE} \code{GIRLFRIENDS SON} \code{GIRLFRIENDS CHILDREN} \code{GIRLFRIENDS DAUGHTER} \code{GROUP HOME} \code{HALF-WAY HOUSE} \code{HALFWAY HOUSE} \code{HALFWAY HOUSES} \code{HALFWAY HSE} \code{HOLDING UNIT} \code{HOME BORDER} \code{HOMELESS} \code{HOMELESS SHELTER} \code{IN JAIL} \code{IN PROGRAMS} \code{INCARCERATED} \code{JAIL} \code{JAIL HALFWAY HOUSE} \code{JAIL, SHELTER} \code{JAIL, STREET} \code{JAIL/PROGRAM} \code{JAIL/SHELTER} \code{JAILS} \code{LANDLADY} \code{LANDLORD} \code{LODGING HOUSE} \code{MERIDIAN HOUSE} \code{NURSING HOME} \code{ON THE STREET} \code{PARTNERS MOTHER} \code{PARTNERS CHILD} \code{PARTNERS CHILDREN} \code{PRDGRAMS} \code{PRISON} \code{PROGRAM} \code{PROGRAM MTHP} \code{PROGRAM ROOMMATES} \code{PROGRAM SOBER HOUSE} \code{PROGRAM-RESIDENTIAL} \code{PROGRAM/HALFWAY HOUS} \code{PROGRAM/JAIL} \code{PROGRAM/SHELTER} \code{PROGRAM/SHELTERS} \code{PROGRAMS} \code{PROGRAMS SUBSTANCE} \code{PROGRAMS/SHELTER} \code{PROGRAMS/SHELTERS} \code{PROGRAMS/SHELTERS/DE} \code{PROJECT SOAR} \code{RESIDENTIAL FACILITY} \code{RESIDENTIAL PROGRAM} \code{ROOMING HOUSE} \code{ROOMING HOUSE (RELIG} \code{ROOMMATE} \code{ROOMMATES} \code{ROOMMATES AT TRANSIT} \code{RYAN HOUSE} \code{SALVATION ARMY} \code{SHELTER} \code{SHELTER/HALFWAY HSE} \code{SHELTER/HOTEL} \code{SHELTER/PROGRAM} \code{SHELTERS} \code{SHELTERS/HOSPITALS} \code{SHELTERS/JAIL} \code{SHELTERS/PROGRAMS} \code{SHELTERS/STREETS} \code{SOBER HOUSE} \code{SOBER HOUSING} \code{SOUTH BAY JAIL} \code{STEPSON} \code{STREET} \code{STREETS} \code{SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREA} \code{TRANSITIONAL HOUSE} \code{VA SHELTER}}
#' \item{\code{A14G}}{Lived w/ other-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{A15A}}{#nights in overnight shelter-last 6 months}
#' \item{\code{A15B}}{# nights on street-last 6 months}
#' \item{\code{A15C}}{# months in jail-last 6 months}
#' \item{\code{A16A}}{# months in overnight shelter-last 5 years}
#' \item{\code{A16B}}{# moths on street-last 5 years}
#' \item{\code{A16C}}{# months in jail-last 5 years}
#' \item{\code{A17A}}{Received SSI -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{A17B}}{Received SSDI -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{A17C}}{Received AFDC -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{A17D}}{Received EAEDC -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{A17E}}{Received WIC -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{A17F}}{Received unemployment benefits -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{A17G}}{Received Workman's Compensation -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{A17H}}{Received Child Support -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{A17I_T}}{a factor with levels \code{} \code{DISABLED VETERAN} \code{EBT (FOOD STAMPS)} \code{EMERGENCY FOOD STAMP} \code{FOOD STAMP} \code{FOOD STAMPS} \code{FOOD STAMPS/VETERAN} \code{FOOD STAMPS/VETERANS} \code{INSURANCE SETTLEMENT} \code{PENSION CHECK} \code{SECTION 8} \code{SERVICE CONNECTED DI} \code{SOCIAL SECURITY} \code{SSDI FOR SON} \code{SURVIVORS BENEFITS} \code{TEMPORARY DISABILITY} \code{VA BENEFITS-DISABILI} \code{VA COMPENSATION} \code{VA DISABILITY PENSIO} \code{VETERAN BENEFITS} \code{VETERANS SERVICES} \code{VETERANS AFFAIRS}}
#' \item{\code{A17I}}{Received other income -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{A18_REC1}}{Most money made in 1 year (recode) (0=$19,000 or less, 1=$20,000-$49,000, 2=$50,000 or more)}
#' \item{\code{A18_REC2}}{Most money made-continuous recode}
#' \item{\code{A18}}{Most money made in any 1 year-last 5 years (1=<5000, 2=5000-10000, 3=11000-19000, 4=20000-29000, 5=30000-39000, 6=40000-49000, 7=50000+}
#' \item{\code{A1}}{Gender (1=Male, 2=Female)}
#' \item{\code{A9}}{Years of education completed}
#' \item{\code{ABUSE2}}{Type of abuse (0=No abuse, 1=Physical only, 2=Sexual only, 3=Physical and sexual)}
#' \item{\code{ABUSE3}}{Type of abuse (0=No abuse, 1=Physical only, 2=Sexual +/- physical (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{ABUSE}}{Abuse-physical or sexual (0=No abuse, 1=Family abuse, 2=Stranger only abuse)}
#' \item{\code{AGE}}{Age in years}
#' \item{\code{ALCOHOL}}{1st/2nd drug of coice=Alcohol (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{ALCQ_30}}{Total number drinks past 30 days}
#' \item{\code{ALONE6M}}{Usually lived alone past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{ALT_TRT}}{Alternative tratments (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{ANYSUBSTATUS}}{Used alcohol, heroin, or cocaine since leaving detox-6 months}
#' \item{\code{ANY_INS}}{Did you have health insurance in past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{ANY_UTIL}}{Any recent health utilization (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{ANY_VIS_CUMUL}}{Cumulative # visits to regular doctor's office}
#' \item{\code{ANY_VIS}}{# visits to regular doctor's office--This time point}
#' \item{\code{B10}}{Any physcal/emotional problem interfere with social activities-last 4 weeks (1=All of the time, 2=Most of the time, 3=Some of the time, 4= A lttle of time, 5= None of the time)}
#' \item{\code{B11A}}{I seem to get sick easier than other people (1=Definitely true, 2=Mostly True, 3=Don't know, 4=Mostly false, 5=Definitely false)}
#' \item{\code{B11B}}{I am as healthy as anybody I know (1=Definitely true, 2=Mostly true, 3=Don't know, 4=Mostly false, 5=Definitely False)}
#' \item{\code{B11C}}{I expect my health to get worse (1=Definitely true, 2=Mostly true, 3=Don't know, 3=Mostly false, 5=Definitely false)}
#' \item{\code{B11D}}{My health is excellent (1=Definitely true, 2=Mostly true, 3=Don't know, 4=Mostly false, 5=Definitely false)}
#' \item{\code{B1}}{In general, how is your health (1=Excellent, 2=Very Good, 3=Good, 4=Fair, 5=Poor)}
#' \item{\code{B2}}{Compared to 1 year ago, how is your health now (1=Much better, 2=Somewhat better, 3=About the same, 4=Somewhat worse, 5=Much worse)}
#' \item{\code{B3A}}{Does health limit you in vigorous activity (1=Limited a lot, 2=Limited a little, 3=Not limited)}
#' \item{\code{B3B}}{Does your health limit you in moderate activity (1=Limited a lot, 2=Limited a little, 3=Not limited)}
#' \item{\code{B3C}}{Does health limit you in lift/carry groceries (1=Limited a lot, 2=Limited a little, 3=Not limited)}
#' \item{\code{B3D}}{Does health limit you in climb several stair flights (1=Limited a lot, 2=Limited a little, 3=Not limited)}
#' \item{\code{B3E}}{Does health limit you in climb 1 stair flight (1=Limited a lot, 2=Limited a little, 3=Not limited)}
#' \item{\code{B3F}}{Does health limit you in bend/kneel/stoop (1=Limited a lot, 2=Limited a little, 3=Not limited)}
#' \item{\code{B3G}}{Does health limit you in walking >1 mile (1=Limited a lot, 2=Limited a little, 3=Not limited)}
#' \item{\code{B3H}}{Does health limit you in walking sevral blocks (1=Limited a lot, 2=Limited a little, 3=Not limited)}
#' \item{\code{B3I}}{Does health limit you in walking 1 block (1=Limited a lot, 2=Limited a little, 3=Not limited)}
#' \item{\code{B3J}}{Does health limit you in bathing/dressing self (1=Limited a lot, 2=Limited a little, 3=Not limited)}
#' \item{\code{B4A}}{Cut down work/activity due to physical health-last 4 weeks (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{B4B}}{Accomplish less due to phys health-last 4 weeks (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{B4C}}{Lim wrk/act type due to phys health-last 4 weeks (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{B4D}}{Diff perf work due to phys health-last 4 weeks (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{B5A}}{Cut wrk/act time due to emot prbs-last 4 weeks (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{B5B}}{Accomplish ess due to emot probs-last 4 weeks (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{B5C}}{<carefl w/wrk/act due to em prb-last 4 weeks (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{B6}}{Ext phys/em intf w/norm soc act-last 4 weeks (1=Not al all, 2=Slightly, 3=Moderately, 4=Quite a bit, 5=Extremely)}
#' \item{\code{B7}}{Amount of bodily pain -- past 4 weeks (1=None, 2=Very mild, 3= Mild, 4=Moderate, 5= Severe, 6= Very severe)}
#' \item{\code{B8}}{Amount of pain interfering with normal work-last 4 weeks (1=Not at all, 2=A little bit, 3=Moderately, 4=Quite a bit, 5=Extremely}
#' \item{\code{B9A}}{Did you feel full of pep -- past 4 weeks (1=All of the time, 2=Most of the time, 3 = Good bit of the time, 4=Some of the time, 5=A little of time, 6=None of the time)}
#' \item{\code{B9B}}{Have you been nervous -- past 4 weeks (1=All of the time, 2=Most of the time, 3 = Good bit of the time, 4=Some of the time, 5=A little of time, 6=None of the time)}
#' \item{\code{B9C}}{Felt nothing could cheer you-last 4 weeks (1=All of the time, 2=Most of the time, 3 = Good bit of the time, 4=Some of the time, 5=A little of time, 6=None of the time)}
#' \item{\code{B9D}}{Have you felt calm/peaceful -- past 4 weeks (1=All of the time, 2=Most of the time, 3 = Good bit of the time, 4=Some of the time, 5=A little of time, 6=None of the time)}
#' \item{\code{B9E}}{Did you have a lot of energy -- past 4 weeks (1=All of the time, 2=Most of the time, 3 = Good bit of the time, 4=Some of the time, 5=A little of time, 6=None of the time)}
#' \item{\code{B9F}}{Did you feel downhearted -- past 4 weeks (1=All of the time, 2=Most of the time, 3 = Good bit of the time, 4=Some of the time, 5=A little of time, 6=None of the time)}
#' \item{\code{B9G}}{Did you feel worn out -- past 4 weeks (1=All of the time, 2=Most of the time, 3 = Good bit of the time, 4=Some of the time, 5=A little of time, 6=None of the time)}
#' \item{\code{B9H}}{Have you been a happy pers -- past 4 weeks (1=All of the time, 2=Most of the time, 3 = Good bit of the time, 4=Some of the time, 5=A little of time, 6=None of the time)}
#' \item{\code{B9I}}{Did you feel tired -- past 4 weeks (1=All of the time, 2=Most of the time, 3 = Good bit of the time, 4=Some of the time, 5=A little of time, 6=None of the time)}
#' \item{\code{BIRTHPLC}}{Where born (recode) (0=USA, 1=Foreign)}
#' \item{\code{BP}}{SF-36 pain index (0-100)}
#' \item{\code{C1A}}{Tolf by MD had seix, epil, convuls (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C1B}}{Told by MD had asthma, emphysema, chr lung dis (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C1C}}{Told by MD had MI (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C1D}}{Told by MD had CHF (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C1E}}{Told by MD had other heart dis (req med) (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C1F}}{Told by MD had HBP (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C1G}}{Told by MD had chronic liver disease (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C1H}}{Told by MD had kidney failure (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C1I}}{Told by MD had chronic art, osteoarth (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C1J}}{Told by MD had peripheral neuropathy (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C1K}}{Ever told by MD had cancer (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C1L}}{Ever told by MD had diabetes (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C1M}}{Ever told by MD had stroke (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2A1}}{Have you ever had skin infections (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2A2}}{Have you had skin infections -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2B1}}{Have you ever had pneumonia (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2B2}}{Have you had pneumonia -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2C1}}{Have you ever had septic arthritis (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2C2}}{Have you had septic arthritis -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2D1}}{Have you ever had TB (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2D2}}{Have you had TB-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2E1}}{Have you ever had endocarditis (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2E2}}{Have you had endocarditis -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2F1}}{Have you ever had an ulcer (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2F2}}{Have you had an ulcer -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2G1}}{Have you ever had pancreatitis (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2G2}}{Have you had pancreatitis -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2H1}}{Ever had abdom pain req overnt hosp stay (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2H2}}{Abdom pain req ovrnt hosp stay-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2I1}}{Have you ever vomited blood (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2I2}}{Have you vomited blood -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2J1}}{Have you ever had hepatitis (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2J2}}{Have you had hepatitis -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2K1}}{Ever had blood clots in legs/lungs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2K2}}{Blood clots in legs/lungs -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2L1}}{Have you ever had osteomyelitis (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2L2}}{Have you had osteomyelitis -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2M1}}{Chest pain using cocaine req ER/hosp (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2M2}}{Chest pain using coc req ER/hosp-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2N1}}{Have you ever had jaundice (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2N2}}{Have you had jaundice -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2O1}}{Lower back pain > 3 months req med attn (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2O2}}{Lwr back pain >3 months req med attention-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2P1}}{Ever had seizures or convulsions (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2P2}}{Had seizures or convulsions -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2Q1}}{Ever had drug/alcohol overdose requiring ER attention (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2Q2}}{Drug/alcohol overdose req ER attn (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2R1}}{Have you ever had a gunshot wound (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2R2}}{Had a gunshot wound -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2S1}}{Have you ever had a stab wound (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2S2}}{Have you had a stab wound -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2T1}}{Ever had accident/falls req med attn (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2T2}}{Had accident/falls req med attn -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2U1}}{Ever had fract/disloc to bones/joints (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2U2}}{Fract/disloc to bones/joints -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2V1}}{Ever had injury from traffic accident (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2V2}}{Had injury from traffic accident -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2W1}}{Have you ever had a head injury (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2W2}}{Have you had a head injury -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C3A1}}{Have you ever had syphilis (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C3A2}}{# times had syphilis}
#' \item{\code{C3A3}}{Have you had syphilis in last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C3B1}}{Have you ever had gonorrhea (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C3B2}}{# times had gonorrhea}
#' \item{\code{C3B3}}{Have you had gonorrhea in last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C3C1}}{Have you ever had chlamydia (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C3C2}}{# of times had Chlamydia}
#' \item{\code{C3C3}}{Have you had chlamydia in last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C3D}}{Have you ever had genital warts (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C3E}}{Have you ever had genital herpes (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C3F1}}{Have you ever had other STD's (not HIV) (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C3F2}}{# of times had other STD's (not HIV)}
#' \item{\code{C3F3}}{Had other STD's (not HIV)-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C3F_T}}{a factor with levels \code{} \code{7} \code{CRABS} \code{CRABS - TRICHONOMIS} \code{CRABS, HEP B} \code{DOESNT KNOW NAME} \code{HAS HAD ALL 3 ABC} \code{HEP B} \code{HEP B, TRICAMONAS} \code{HEP. B} \code{HEPATITIS B} \code{HEPATITS B} \code{TRICHAMONAS VAGINALA} \code{TRICHAMONIS} \code{TRICHOMONAS} \code{TRICHOMONIASIS} \code{TRICHOMONIS} \code{TRICHOMONIS VAGINITI} \code{TRICHOMORAS} \code{TRICHONOMIS}}
#' \item{\code{C3G1}}{Have you ever been tested for HIV/AIDS (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C3G2}}{# times tested for HIV/AIDS}
#' \item{\code{C3G3}}{Have you been tested for HIV/AIDS-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C3G4}}{What was the result of last test (1=Positive, 2=Negative, 3=Refused, 4=Never got result, 5=Inconclusive}
#' \item{\code{C3H1}}{Have you ever had PID (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C3H2}}{# of times had PID}
#' \item{\code{C3H3}}{Have you had PID in last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C3I}}{Have you ever had a Pap smear (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C3J}}{Have you had a Pap smear in last 3 years (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C3K_M}}{How many months pregnant}
#' \item{\code{C3K}}{Are you pregnant (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{CESD_CUT}}{CES-D score > 21 y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{CES_D}}{CES-D score, measure of depressive symptoms, high scores are worse}
#' \item{\code{CHR_6M}}{Chronic medical conds/HIV -- past 6m y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{CHR_EVER}}{Chronic medical conds/HIV-ever y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{CHR_SUM}}{Sum chronic medical conds/HIV ever}
#' \item{\code{CNTRL}}{InDUC-2L-Control score}
#' \item{\code{COC_HER}}{1st/2nd drug of choice=cocaine or heroine (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{CUAD_C}}{CUAD-Cocaine}
#' \item{\code{CUAD_H}}{CUAD-Heroin}
#' \item{\code{CURPHYAB}}{Current abuse-physical (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{CURPHYSEXAB}}{Curent abuse-physical or sexual (0=No abuse, 1=Physical only, 2=Sexual +/- physical)}
#' \item{\code{CURSEXAB}}{Current abuse-sexual (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C_AU}}{ASI-Composite score for alcohol use}
#' \item{\code{C_DU}}{ASI-Composite score for drug use}
#' \item{\code{C_MS}}{ASI-Composite medical status}
#' \item{\code{D1}}{$ of times hospitalized for med probs}
#' \item{\code{D2}}{Take prescription medicdation regularly for physical problem (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{D3_REC}}{Any medical problems past 30d y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{D3}}{# days had med probs-30 days bef detox}
#' \item{\code{D4_REC}}{Bothered by medical problems y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{D4}}{How bother by med prob-30days bef detox (0=Not at all, 1=Slightly, 2=Moderately, 3=Considerably, 4=Extremely)}
#' \item{\code{D5_REC}}{Medical trtmt is important y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{D5}}{How import is trtmnt for these med probs (0=Not at all, 1=Slightly, 2= Moderately, 3= Considerably, 4= Extremely}
#' \item{\code{DAYSANYSUB}}{time (days) from baseline to first alcohol, heroin, or cocaine since leaving detox-6m}
#' \item{\code{DAYSDRINK}}{Time (days) from baseline to first drink since leaving detox-6m}
#' \item{\code{DAYSLINK}}{Time (days) to linkage to primary care within 12 months (by administrative record)}
#' \item{\code{DAYS_SINCE_BL}}{# of days from baseline to current interview}
#' \item{\code{DAYS_SINCE_PREV}}{# of days from previous to current interview}
#' \item{\code{DEAD}}{a numeric vector}
#' \item{\code{DEC_AM}}{SOCRATES-Ambivalence-Decile}
#' \item{\code{DEC_RE}}{SOCRATES-Recognition-Decile}
#' \item{\code{DEC_TS}}{SOCRATES-Taking steps-Decile}
#' \item{\code{DRINKSTATUS}}{Drank alcohol since leaving detox-6m}
#' \item{\code{DRUGRISK}}{RAB-Drug risk total}
#' \item{\code{E10A}}{have you been to med clinic-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E10B1_R}}{Mental health treatment past 6m y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E10B1}}{# x visit ment health clin/prof-last 6 months}
#' \item{\code{E10B2_R}}{Med clinic/private MD past 6m y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E10B2}}{# x visited med clin/priv MD-last 6 months}
#' \item{\code{E10C19}}{Visited private MD-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E11A}}{Did you stay ovrnite/+ in hosp-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E11B}}{# times ovrnight/+ in hosp-last 6 months }
#' \item{\code{E11C}}{Total # nights in hosp-last 6 months}
#' \item{\code{E12A}}{Visited Hosp ER for med care -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E12B}}{# times visited hosp ER-last 6 months}
#' \item{\code{E13}}{Tlt # visits to MDs-last 2 weeks bef detox}
#' \item{\code{E14A}}{Recd trtmt from acupuncturist-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E14B}}{Recd trtmt from chiropractor-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E14C}}{Trtd by hol/herb/hom med prac-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E14D}}{Recd trtmt from spirit healer-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E14E}}{Have you had biofeedback-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E14F}}{Have you underwent hypnosis-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E14G}}{Received other treatment-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E15A}}{Tried to get subst ab services-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E15B}}{Always able to get subst ab servies (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E15C10}}{My insurance didn't cover services (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E15C11}}{There were no beds available at the prog (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E15C12}}{Other reason not get sub ab services (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E15C1}}{I could not pay for services (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E15C2}}{I did not know where to go for help (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E15C3}}{Couldn't get to services due to transp prob (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E15C4}}{The offie/clinic hrs were inconvenient (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E15C5}}{Didn't speak/understnd Englsh well enough (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E15C6}}{Afraid other might find out about prob (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E15C7}}{My substance abuse interfered (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E15C8}}{Didn't have someone to watch my children (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E15C9}}{I did not want to lose my job (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E16A10}}{I do not want to lose my job (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E16A11}}{My insurance doesn't cover charges (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E16A12}}{I do not feel I need a regular MD (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E16A13}}{Other reasons don't have regular MD (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E16A1}}{I cannot pay for services (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E16A2}}{I am not eligible for free care (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E16A3}}{I do not know where to go (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E16A4}}{Can't get to services due to trans prob (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E16A5}}{a numeric vectorOffice/clinic hours are inconvenient (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E16A6}}{I don't speak/understnd enough English (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E16A7}}{Afraid othrs find out about my health prob (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E16A8}}{My substance abuse interferes (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E16A9}}{I don't have someone to watch my children (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E16A_DD}}{Barrier to regular MD: dislike docs/system (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E16A_IB}}{Barrier to regular MD: internal barriers (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E16A_RT}}{Barrier to regular MD: red tape (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E16A_TM}}{Barrier to regular MD: time restrictions (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E18A}}{I could not pay for services (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E18B}}{I did not know where to go for help (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E18C}}{Couldn't get to services due to transp prob (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E18D}}{The office/clinic hrs were inconvenient (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E18F}}{Afraid others might find out about prob (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E18G}}{My substance abuse interfered (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E18H}}{Didn't have someone to watch my children (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E18I}}{I did not want to lose my job (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E18J}}{My insurance didn't cover services (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E18K}}{There were no beds available at the prog (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E18L}}{I do not need substance abuse services (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E18M}}{Other reason not get sub ab services (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E2A}}{Detox prog for alcohol or drug prob-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E2B}}{# times entered a detox prog-last 6 months}
#' \item{\code{E2C}}{# nights ovrnight in detox prg-last 6 months}
#' \item{\code{E3A}}{Holding unit for drug/alcohol prob-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E3B}}{# times in holding unity=last 6 months}
#' \item{\code{E3C}}{# total nights in holding unit-last 6 months}
#' \item{\code{E4A}}{In halfway hse/resid facil-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E4B}}{# times in hlfwy hse/res facil-last 6 months}
#' \item{\code{E4C}}{Ttl nites in hlfwy hse/res fac-last 6 months}
#' \item{\code{E5A}}{In day trtmt prg for alcohol/drug-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E5B}}{Total # days in day trtmt prg-last 6 months}
#' \item{\code{E6}}{In methadone maintenance prg-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E7A}}{Visit outpt prg subst ab couns-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E7B}}{# visits outpt prg subst ab couns-last 6 months}
#' \item{\code{E8A1}}{Saw MD/H care worker regarding alcohol/drugs-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E8A2}}{Saw Prst/Min/Rabbi re alcohol/drugs-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E8A3}}{Employ Asst Prg for alcohol/drug prb-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E8A4}}{Oth source cnsl for alcohol/drug prb-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E9A}}{AA/NA/slf-hlp for drug/alcohol/emot-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E9B}}{How often attend AA/NA/slf-hlp-last 6 months (1=Daily, 2=2-3 Times/week, 3=Weekly, 4=Every 2 weeks, 5=Once/month}
#' \item{\code{EPI_6M2B}}{Episodic(C2A-C2O)-6m y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{EPI_6M}}{Episodic (C2A-C2O,C2R-C2U, STD)-6m y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{EPI_SUM}}{Sum episodic (C2A-C2O, C2R-C2U, STD)-6m}
#' \item{\code{F1A}}{Bothered by thngs not generally bothered by (0=Rarely/never, 1=Some of the time, 2=Occas/moderately, 3=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{F1B}}{My appetite was poor (0=Rarely/never, 1=Some of the time, 2=Occas/moderately, 3=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{F1C}}{Couldn't shake blues evn w/fam+frnds hlp (0=Rarely/never, 1=Some of the time, 2=Occas/moderately, 3=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{F1D}}{Felt I was just as good as other people (0=Rarely/never, 1=Some of the time, 2=Occas/moderately, 3=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{F1E}}{Had trouble keeping mind on what doing (0=Rarely/never, 1=Some of the time, 2=Occas/moderately, 3=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{F1F}}{I felt depressed (0=Rarely/never, 1=Some of the time, 2=Occas/moderately, 3=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{F1G}}{I felt everything I did was an effort (0=Rarely/never, 1=Some of the time, 2=Occas/moderately, 3=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{F1H}}{I felt hopeful about the future (0=Rarely/never, 1=Some of the time, 2=Occas/moderately, 3=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{F1I}}{I thought my life had been a failure (0=Rarely/never, 1=Some of the time, 2=Occas/moderately, 3=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{F1J}}{I felt fearful (0=Rarely/never, 1=Some of the time, 2=Occas/moderately, 3=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{F1K}}{My sleep was restless (0=Rarely/never, 1=Some of the time, 2=Occas/moderately, 3=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{F1L}}{I was happy (0=Rarely/never, 1=Some of the time, 2=Occas/moderately, 3=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{F1M}}{I talked less than usual (0=Rarely/never, 1=Some of the time, 2=Occas/moderately, 3=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{F1N}}{I felt lonely (0=Rarely/never, 1=Some of the time, 2=Occas/moderately, 3=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{F1O}}{People were unfriendly (0=Rarely/never, 1=Some of the time, 2=Occas/moderately, 3=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{F1P}}{I enjoyed life (0=Rarely/never, 1=Some of the time, 2=Occas/moderately, 3=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{F1Q}}{I had crying spells (0=Rarely/never, 1=Some of the time, 2=Occas/moderately, 3=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{F1R}}{I felt sad (0=Rarely/never, 1=Some of the time, 2=Occas/moderately, 3=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{F1S}}{I felt that people dislike me (0=Rarely/never, 1=Some of the time, 2=Occas/moderately, 3=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{F1T}}{I could not get going (0=Rarely/never, 1=Some of the time, 2=Occas/moderately, 3=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{FAMABUSE}}{Family abuse-physical or sexual (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{FRML_SAT}}{Formal substance abuse treatment y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{G1A_30}}{Diff contr viol beh-sig per last 30 days (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{G1A}}{Diff contr viol beh for sig time per evr (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{G1B_30}}{Had thoughts of suicide-last 30 days (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{G1B_REC}}{Suicidal thoughts past 30 days y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{G1B}}{Ever had thoughts of suicide (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{G1C_30}}{Attempted suicide-last 30 days (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{G1C}}{Attempted suicide ever (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{G1D_30}}{Prescr med for psy/emot prob-last 30 days (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{G1D_REC}}{Prescribed psych meds past 30 days y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{G1D}}{Prescr med for pst/emot prob ever (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{GH}}{SF-36 general health perceptions (0-100)}
#' \item{\code{GOV_SUPP}}{Received government support past 6 m (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{GROUP}}{Randomization Group (0=Control, 1=Clinic)}
#' \item{\code{H10_30}}{# days in last 30 bef detox used cannabis}
#' \item{\code{H10_LT}}{# years regularly used cannabis}
#' \item{\code{H10_PRB}}{Problem sub: marijuana, cannabis (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{H10_RT}}{Route of admin of cannabis (0=N/A. 1=Oral, 2=Nasal, 3=Smoking, 4=Non-IV injection, 5=IV)}
#' \item{\code{H11_30}}{# days in last 30 bef detox used halluc}
#' \item{\code{H11_LT}}{# years regularly used hallucinogens}
#' \item{\code{H11_PRB}}{Problem sub: hallucinogens (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{H11_RT}}{Route of admin of hallucinogens (0=N/A. 1=Oral, 2=Nasal, 3=Smoking, 4=Non-IV injection, 5=IV)}
#' \item{\code{H12_30}}{# days in last 30 bef detox used inhalant}
#' \item{\code{H12_LT}}{# years regularly used inhalants}
#' \item{\code{H12_PRB}}{Problem sub: inhalants (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{H12_RT}}{Route of admin of inhalants (0=N/A. 1=Oral, 2=Nasal, 3=Smoking, 4=Non-IV injection, 5=IV)}
#' \item{\code{H13_30}}{# days used >1 sub/day-last 30 bef detox}
#' \item{\code{H13_LT}}{# years regularly used >1 subst/day}
#' \item{\code{H13_RT}}{Route of admin of >1 subst/day (0=N/A. 1=Oral, 2=Nasal, 3=Smoking, 4=Non-IV injection, 5=IV)}
#' \item{\code{H14}}{According to interviewer, which substance is main problem (0=No problem, 1=Alcohol, 2=Alcohol to intox, 3=Heroin 4=Methadone, 5=Other opiate/analg, 6=Barbituates, 7=Sed/hyp/tranq, 8=Cocaine, 9=Amphetamines, 10=Marij/cannabis, 15=Alcohol and one or more drug, 16=More than one drug}
#' \item{\code{H15A}}{# times had alcohol DTs}
#' \item{\code{H15B}}{# times overdosed on drugs}
#' \item{\code{H16A}}{$ spent on alcohol-last 30 days bef detox}
#' \item{\code{H16B}}{$ spent on drugs-last 30 days bef detox}
#' \item{\code{H17A}}{# days had alcohol prob-last 30 days bef det}
#' \item{\code{H17B}}{# days had drug prob-last 30 days bef det}
#' \item{\code{H18A}}{How troubled by alcohol probs-last 30 days (0=Not at all, 1=Slightly, 2=Moderately, 3=Considerably, 4=Extremely)}
#' \item{\code{H18B}}{How troubled by drug probs-last 30 days (0=Not at all, 1=Slightly, 2=Moderately, 3=Considerably, 4=Extremely)}
#' \item{\code{H19A}}{How import is treatment for alcohol problems now (0=Not at all, 1=Slightly, 2=Moderately, 3=Considerably, 4=Extremely)}
#' \item{\code{H19B}}{How important is trtmnt for drug probs now (0=Not at all, 1=Slightly, 2=Moderately, 3=Considerably, 4=Extremely)}
#' \item{\code{H1_30}}{# days in past 30 bef detox used alcohol}
#' \item{\code{H1_LT}}{# years regularly used alcohol}
#' \item{\code{H1_RT}}{Route of administration use alcohol (0=N/A. 1=Oral, 2=Nasal, 3=Smoking, 4=Non-IV injection, 5=IV)}
#' \item{\code{H2_30}}{#days in 3- bef detox use alcohol to intox}
#' \item{\code{H2_LT}}{# years regularly used alcohol to intox}
#' \item{\code{H2_PRB}}{Problem sub: alcohol to intox (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{H2_RT}}{Route of admin use alcohol to intox (0=N/A. 1=Oral, 2=Nasal, 3=Smoking, 4=Non-IV injection, 5=IV)}
#' \item{\code{H3_30}}{# days in past 30 bef detox used heroin}
#' \item{\code{H3_LT}}{# years regularly used heroin}
#' \item{\code{H3_PRB}}{Problem sub: heroin (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{H3_RT}}{Route of administration of heroin (0=N/A. 1=Oral, 2=Nasal, 3=Smoking, 4=Non-IV injection, 5=IV)}
#' \item{\code{H4_30}}{# days used methadone-last 30 bef detox}
#' \item{\code{H4_LT}}{# years regularly used methadone}
#' \item{\code{H4_PRB}}{Problem sub: methadone (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{H4_RT}}{Route of administration of methadone (0=N/A. 1=Oral, 2=Nasal, 3=Smoking, 4=Non-IV injection, 5=IV)}
#' \item{\code{H5_30}}{# days used opiates/analg-last 30 bef detox}
#' \item{\code{H5_LT}}{# years regularly used oth opiates/analg}
#' \item{\code{H5_PRB}}{Problem sub: other opiates/analg (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{H5_RT}}{Route of admin of other opiates/analg (0=N/A. 1=Oral, 2=Nasal, 3=Smoking, 4=Non-IV injection, 5=IV)}
#' \item{\code{H6_30}}{# days in past 30 before detox used barbiturates}
#' \item{\code{H6_LT}}{# years regularly used barbiturates}
#' \item{\code{H6_PRB}}{Problem sub: barbiturates (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{H6_RT}}{Route of admin of barbiturates (0=N/A. 1=Oral, 2=Nasal, 3=Smoking, 4=Non-IV injection, 5=IV)}
#' \item{\code{H7_30}}{# days used sed/hyp/trnq-last 30 bef det}
#' \item{\code{H7_LT}}{# years regularly used sed/hyp/trnq}
#' \item{\code{H7_PRB}}{Problem sub: sedat/hyp/tranq (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{H7_RT}}{Route of admin of sed/hyp/trnq (0=N/A. 1=Oral, 2=Nasal, 3=Smoking, 4=Non-IV injection, 5=IV)}
#' \item{\code{H8_30}}{# days in last 30 bef detox used cocaine}
#' \item{\code{H8_LT}}{# years regularly used cocaine}
#' \item{\code{H8_PRB}}{Problem sub: cocaine (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{H8_RT}}{Route of admin of cocaine (0=N/A. 1=Oral, 2=Nasal, 3=Smoking, 4=Non-IV injection, 5=IV)}
#' \item{\code{H9_30}}{# days in last 30 bef detox used amphet}
#' \item{\code{H9_LT}}{# years regularly used amphetamines}
#' \item{\code{H9_PRB}}{Problem sub: amphetamines (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{H9_RT}}{Route of admin of amphetamines (0=N/A. 1=Oral, 2=Nasal, 3=Smoking, 4=Non-IV injection, 5=IV)}
#' \item{\code{HOMELESS}}{Homeless-shelter/street past 6 m (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{HS_GRAD}}{High school graduate (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{HT}}{Raw SF-36 health transition item}
#' \item{\code{I1}}{Avg # drinks in last 30 days bef detox}
#' \item{\code{I2}}{Most drank any 1 day in last 30 bef detox}
#' \item{\code{I3}}{On days used heroin, avg # bags used}
#' \item{\code{I4}}{Most bags heroin used any 1 day -- 30 before det}
#' \item{\code{I5}}{Avg $ amt of heroin used per day}
#' \item{\code{I6A}}{On days used cocaine, avg # bags used}
#' \item{\code{I6B}}{On days used cocaine, avg # rocks used}
#' \item{\code{I7A}}{Mst bgs cocaine use any 1 day-30 bef det}
#' \item{\code{I7B}}{Mst rcks cocaine use any 1 day-30 bef det}
#' \item{\code{I8}}{Avg $ amt of cocaine used per day}
#' \item{\code{IMPUL2}}{Inventory of Drug Use Consequences InDUC-2L-Impulse control-Raw (w/0 M23)}
#' \item{\code{IMPUL}}{Inventory of Drug Use Consequences InDUL-2L-Impulse control-Raw}
#' \item{\code{INDTOT2}}{InDUC-2L-Total drlnC-Raw- w/o M23 and M48}
#' \item{\code{INDTOT}}{InDUC-2LTotal drlnC sore-Raw}
#' \item{\code{INTER}}{InDUC-2L-Interpersonal-Raw}
#' \item{\code{INTRA}}{InDUC-2L-Intrapersonal-Raw}
#' \item{\code{INT_TIME1}}{# of months from baseline to current interview}
#' \item{\code{INT_TIME2}}{# of months from previous to current interview}
#' \item{\code{J10A}}{Get physically sick when stop using heroin (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{J10B}}{Ever use heroin to prevent getting sick (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{J1}}{Evr don't stop using cocaine when should (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{J2}}{Ever tried to cut down on cocaine (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{J3}}{Does cocaine take up a lot of your time (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{J4}}{Need use > cocaine to get some feeling (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{J5A}}{Get physically sick when stop using cocaine (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{J5B}}{Ever use cocaine to prevent getting sick (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{J6}}{Ever don't stop using heroin when should (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{J7}}{Ever tried to cut down on heroin (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{J8}}{Does heroin take up a lot of your time (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{J9}}{Need use > heroin to get some feeling (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{JAIL_5YR}}{Any jail time past 5 years y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{JAIL_MOS}}{Total months in jail past 5 years }
#' \item{\code{K1}}{Do you currently smoke cigarettes (1=Yes-every day, 2=Yes-some days, 3=No-former smoker, 4=No-never>100 cigarettes}
#' \item{\code{K2}}{Avg # cigarettes smoked per day}
#' \item{\code{K3}}{Considering quitting cigarettes within next 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{L10}}{Have had blkouts as result of drinkng (0=No, never, 1=Sometimes, 2=Often, 3=Alm evry time drink)}
#' \item{\code{L11}}{Do you carry bottle or keep close by (0=No, 1=Some of the time, 2=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{L12}}{After abstin end up drink heavily again (0=No, 1=Sometimes, 2=Almost evry time)}
#' \item{\code{L13}}{Passed out due to drinking-last 12 months (0=No, 1=Once, 2=More than once)}
#' \item{\code{L14}}{Had convuls following period of drinkng (0=No, 1=Once, 2=Several times)}
#' \item{\code{L15}}{Do you drink throughout the day (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{L16}}{After drinkng heavily was thinkng unclear (0=No, 1=Yes, few hrs, 2=Yes,1-2 days, 3=Yes, many days)}
#' \item{\code{L17}}{D/t drinkng felt heart beat rapidly (0=No, 1=Once, 2=Several times)}
#' \item{\code{L18}}{Do you constntly think about drinkng/alcohol (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{L19}}{D/t drinkng heard things not there (0=No, 1=Once, 2= Several times)}
#' \item{\code{L1}}{How often drink last time drank (1=To get high/less, 2=To get drunk, 3=To pass out)}
#' \item{\code{L20}}{Had weird/fright sensations when drinkng (0=No, 1=Once or twice, 2=Often)}
#' \item{\code{L21}}{When drinkng felt things rawl not there (0=No, 1=Once, 2=Several times)}
#' \item{\code{L22}}{With respect to blackouts (0=Never had one, 1=Had for <1hr, 2=Had several hrs, 3=Had for day/+)}
#' \item{\code{L23}}{Ever tried to cut down on drinking & failed (0=No, 1=Once, 2=Several times)}
#' \item{\code{L24}}{Do you gulp drinks (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{L25}}{After taking 1 or 2 drinks can you stop (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{L2}}{Often have hangovers Sun or Mon mornings (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{L3}}{Have you had the shakes when sobering (0=No, 1=Sometimes, 2=Alm evry time drink)}
#' \item{\code{L4}}{Do you get physically sick as reslt of drinking (0=No, 1=Sometimes, 2=Alm evry time drink)}
#' \item{\code{L5}}{have you had the DTs (0=No, 1=Once, 2=Several times}
#' \item{\code{L6}}{When drink do you stumble/stagger/weave (0=No, 1=Sometimes, 2=Often)}
#' \item{\code{L7}}{D/t drinkng felt overly hot/sweaty (0=No, 1=Once, 2=Several times)}
#' \item{\code{L8}}{As result of drinkng saw thngs not there (0=No, 1=Once, 2=Several times)}
#' \item{\code{L9}}{Panic because fear not have drink if need it (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{LINKSTATUS}}{Linked to primary care within 12 months (by administrative record)}
#' \item{\code{M10}}{Using alcohol/1 drug caused > use othr drugs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M11}}{I have been sick/vomited aft alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M12}}{I have been unhappy because of alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M13}}{Lost weight/eaten poorly due to alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M14}}{Fail to do what expected due to alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M15}}{Using alcohol/drugs has helped me to relax (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M16}}{Felt guilt/ashamed because of my alcohol drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M17}}{Said/done emarras thngs when on alcohol/drug (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M18}}{Personality changed for worse on alcohol/drug (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M19}}{Taken foolish risk when using alcohol/drugs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M1}}{Had hangover/felt bad aftr using alcohol/drugs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M20}}{Gotten into trouble because of alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M21}}{Said cruel things while using alcohol/drugs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M22}}{Done impuls thngs regret due to alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M23}}{Gotten in physical fights when use alcohol/drugs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M24}}{My physical health was harmed by alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M25}}{Using alcohol/drug helped me have more + outlook (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M26}}{I have had money probs because of my alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M27}}{My love relat harmed due to my alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M28}}{Smoked tobacco more when using alcohol/drugs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M29}}{My physical appearance harmed by alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M2}}{Felt bad about self because of alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M30}}{My family hurt because of my alcohol drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M31}}{Close relationsp damaged due to alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M32}}{Spent time in jail because of my alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M33}}{My sex life suffered due to my alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M34}}{Lost interst in activity due to my alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M35}}{Soc life> enjoyable when using alcohol/drug (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M36}}{Spirit/moral life harmed by alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M37}}{Not had kind life want due to alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M38}}{My alcohol/drug use in way of personal growth (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M39}}{My alcohol/drug use damaged soc life/reputat (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M3}}{Missed days wrk/sch because of alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M40}}{Spent/lost too much $ because alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M41}}{Arrested for DUI of alcohol or oth drugs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M42}}{Arrested for offenses rel to alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M43}}{Lost marriage/love relat due to alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M44}}{Susp/fired/left job/sch due to alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M45}}{I used drugs moderately w/o having probs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M46}}{I have lost a friend due to my alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M47}}{Had an accident while using alcohol/drugs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M48}}{Physically hurt/injured/burned when using alcohol/drugs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M49}}{I injured someone while using alcohol/drugs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M4}}{Fam/frinds worry/compl about alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M50}}{Damaged things/prop when using alcohol/drugs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M5}}{I have enjoyed drinking/using drugs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M6}}{Qual of work suffered because of alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M7}}{Parenting ability harmed by alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M8}}{Trouble sleeping/nightmares aftr alcohol/drugs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M9}}{Driven motor veh while undr inf alcohol/drugs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{MAR_STAT}}{Marital status (recode) (0=Married, 1=Not married)}
#' \item{\code{MCS}}{Standardized mental component scale-00}
#' \item{\code{MD_LANG}}{Lang prefer to speak to MD (recode) (0=English, 1=Other lang)}
#' \item{\code{MH}}{SF-36 mental health index (0-100)}
#' \item{\code{MMSEC}}{MMSEC}
#' \item{\code{N1A}}{My friends give me the moral support I need (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N1B}}{Most people closer to friends than I am (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N1C}}{My friends enjoy hearing what I think (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N1D}}{I rely on my friends for emot support (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N1E}}{Friend go to when down w/o feel funny later (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N1F}}{Frnds and I open re what thnk about things (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N1G}}{My friends sensitive to my pers needs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N1H}}{My friends good at helping me solve probs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N1I}}{have deep sharing relat w/ a # of frnds (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N1J}}{When confide in frnds makes me uncomfort (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N1K}}{My friends seek me out for companionship (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N1L}}{Not have as int relat w/frnds as others (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N1M}}{Recent good idea how to do somethng frm frnd (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N1N}}{I wish my friends were much different (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N2A}}{My family gives me the moral support I need (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N2B}}{Good ideas of how do/make thngs from fam (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N2C}}{Most peop closer to their fam than I am (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N2D}}{When confide make close fam membs uncomf (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N2E}}{My fam enjoys hearing about what I think (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N2F}}{Membs of my fam share many of my intrsts (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N2G}}{I rely on my fam for emot support (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N2H}}{Fam memb go to when down w/o feel funny (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N2I}}{Fam and I open about what thnk about thngs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N2J}}{My fam is sensitive to my personal needs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N2K}}{Fam memb good at helping me solve probs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N2L}}{Have deep sharing relat w/# of fam membs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N2M}}{Makes me uncomf to confide in fam membs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N2N}}{I wish my family were much different (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{NUM_BARR}}{# of perceived barriers to linkage}
#' \item{\code{NUM_INTERVALS}}{Number of 6-month intervals from previous to current interview}
#' \item{\code{O1A}}{# people spend tx w/who drink alcohol (1=None, 2= A few, 3=About half, 4= Most, 5=All)}
#' \item{\code{O1B_REC}}{Family/friends heavy drinkers y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{O1B}}{# people spend tx w/who are heavy drinkrs (1=None, 2= A few, 3=About half, 4= Most, 5=All)}
#' \item{\code{O1C_REC}}{Family/friends use drugs y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{O1C}}{# people spend tx w/who use drugs (1=None, 2= A few, 3=About half, 4= Most, 5=All)}
#' \item{\code{O1D_REC}}{Family/fiends support abst. y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{O1D}}{# peop spend tx w/who supprt your abstin (1=None, 2= A few, 3=About half, 4= Most, 5=All)}
#' \item{\code{O2_REC}}{Live-in partner drinks/drugs y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{O2}}{Does live-in part/spouse drink/use drugs (0=No, 1=Yes, 2=N/A)}
#' \item{\code{P1A}}{Physical abuse/assault by family members/person I know (0=No, 1=Yes, 7=Not sure)}
#' \item{\code{P1B}}{Age first physically assaulted by person I know}
#' \item{\code{P1C}}{Physically assaulted by person I know-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{P2A}}{Physical abuse/assault by stranger (0=No, 1=Yes, 7=Not sure)}
#' \item{\code{P2B}}{Age first physically assaulted by stranger}
#' \item{\code{P2C}}{Physically assaulted by stranger-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{P3}}{Using drugs/alcohol when physically assaulted (1=Don't know, 2=Never, 3=Some cases, 4=Most cases, 5=All cases, 9=Never assaulted)}
#' \item{\code{P4}}{Person who physically assaulted you was using alcohol/drugs (1=Don't know, 2=Never, 3=Some cases, 4=Most cases, 5=All cases, 9=Never assaulted)}
#' \item{\code{P5A}}{Sexual abuse/assault by family member/person you know (0=No, 1= Yes, 7=Not sure)}
#' \item{\code{P5B}}{Age first sexually assaulted by person you know}
#' \item{\code{P5C}}{Sexually assaulted by person you know-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{P6A}}{Sexual abuse/assault by stranger (0=No, 1=Yes, 7=Not sure)}
#' \item{\code{P6B}}{Age first sexually assaulted by stranger}
#' \item{\code{P6C}}{Sexually assaulted by stranger-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{P7}}{Using drugs/alcohol when sexually assaulted (1=Don't know, 2=Never, 3=Some cases, 4=Most cases, 5=All cases, 9=Never assaulted)}
#' \item{\code{P8}}{Person who sexually assaulted you using alcohol/drugs (1=Don't know, 2=Never, 3=Some cases, 4=Most cases, 5=All cases, 9=Never assaulted)}
#' \item{\code{PCP_ID}}{a numeric vector}
#' \item{\code{PCS}}{Standardized physical component scale-00}
#' \item{\code{PC_REC7}}{Primary cared received: Linked & # visits (0=Not linked, 1=Linked, 1 visit, 2=Linked, 2 visits, 3=Linked, 3 visits, 4=Linked, 4 visits, 5= Linked, 5 visits, 6=Linked, 6+visits)}
#' \item{\code{PC_REC}}{Primary care received: Linked & # visits (0=Not linked, 1=Linked, 1 visit, 2=Linked, 2+ visits)}
#' \item{\code{PF}}{SF-36 physical functioning (0-100)}
#' \item{\code{PHSXABUS}}{Any abuse (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{PHYABUSE}}{Physical abuse-stranger or family (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{PHYS2}}{InDUC-2L-Physical 9Raw (w/o M48)}
#' \item{\code{PHYS}}{InDUC-2L-Physical-Raw}
#' \item{\code{POLYSUB}}{Polysubstance abuser y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{PREV_TIME}}{Previous interview time}
#' \item{\code{PRIMLANG}}{First language (recode) (0=English, 1=Other lang)}
#' \item{\code{PRIMSUB2}}{First drug of choice (no marijuana) (0=None, 1=Alcohol, 2=Cocaine, 3=Heroin, 4=Barbituates, 5=Benzos, 6=Marijuana, 7=Methadone, 8=Opiates)}
#' \item{\code{PRIM_SUB}}{First drug of choice (0=None, 1=Alcohol, 2=Cocaine, 3=Heroin, 4=Barbituates, 5=Benzos, 6=Marijuana, 7=Methadone, 8=Opiates)}
#' \item{\code{PSS_FA}}{Perceived social support-family}
#' \item{\code{PSS_FR}}{Perceived social support-friends}
#' \item{\code{Q10}}{How would you describe yourself (0=Straight, 1=Gay/bisexual)}
#' \item{\code{Q11}}{# men had sex w/in past 6 months (0=0 men, 1=1 man, 2=2-3 men, 3=4+ men}
#' \item{\code{Q12}}{# women had sex w/in past 6 months (0=0 women, 1=1woman, 2=2-3 women, 3=4+ women}
#' \item{\code{Q13}}{# times had sex In past 6 months (0=Never, 1=Few times or less, 2=Few times/month, 3=Once or more/week)}
#' \item{\code{Q14}}{How often had sex to get drugs-last 6 months (0=Never, 1=Few times or less, 2=Few times/month, 3=Once or more/week)}
#' \item{\code{Q15}}{How often given drugs to have sex-last 6 months (0=Never, 1=Few times or less, 2=Few times/month, 3=Once or more/week)}
#' \item{\code{Q16}}{How often were you paid for sex-last 6 months (0=Never, 1=Few times or less, 2=Few times/month, 3=Once or more/week)}
#' \item{\code{Q17}}{How often you pay pers for sex-last 6 months (0=Never, 1=Few times or less, 2=Few times/month, 3=Once or more/week)}
#' \item{\code{Q18}}{How often use condoms during sex=last 6 months (0=No sex/always, 1=Most of the time, 2=Some of the time, 3=None of the time)}
#' \item{\code{Q19}}{Condoms are too much of a hassle to use (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{Q1A}}{Have you ever injected drugs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{Q1B}}{Have you injected drugs-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{Q20}}{Safer sex is always your responsibility (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{Q2}}{Have you shared needles/works-last 6 months (0=No/Not shot up, 3=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{Q3}}{# people shared needles w/past 6 months (0=No/Not shot up, 1=1 other person, 2=2-3 diff people, 3=4/+ diff people)}
#' \item{\code{Q4}}{How often been to shoot gall/hse-last 6 months (0=Never, 1=Few times or less, 2= Few times/month, 3= Once or more/week)}
#' \item{\code{Q5}}{How often been to crack house-last 6 months (0=Never, 1=Few times or less, 2=Few times/month, 3=Once or more/week)}
#' \item{\code{Q6}}{How often shared rinse-water-last 6 months (0=Nevr/Not shot up, 1=Few times or less, 2=Few times/month, 3=Once or more/week)}
#' \item{\code{Q7}}{How often shared a cooker-last 6 months (0=Nevr/Not shot up, 1=Few times or less, 2=Few times/month, 3=Once or more/week)}
#' \item{\code{Q8}}{How often shared a cotton-last 6 months (0=Nevr/Not shot up, 1=Few times or less, 2=Few times/month, 3=Once or more/week)}
#' \item{\code{Q9}}{How often use syringe to div drugs-last 6 months (0=Nevr/Not shot up, 1=Few times or less, 2=Few times/month, 3=Once or more/week)}
#' \item{\code{R1A}}{I really want to change my alcohol/drug use (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{R1B}}{Sometimes I wonder if I'm an alcohol/addict (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{R1C}}{Id I don't change alcohol/drug probs will worsen (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{R1D}}{I started making changes in alcohol/drug use (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{R1E}}{Was using too much but managed to change (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{R1F}}{I wonder if my alcohol/drug use hurting othrs (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{R1G}}{I am a prob drinker or have drug prob (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{R1H}}{Already doing thngs to change alcohol/drug use (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{R1I}}{have changed use-trying to not slip back (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{R1J}}{I have a serious problem w/ alcohol/drugs (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{R1K}}{I wonder if I'm in control of alcohol/drug use (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{R1L}}{My alcohol/drug use is causing a lot of harm (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{R1M}}{Actively cutting down/stopping alcohol/drug use (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{R1N}}{Want help to not go back to alcohol/drugs (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{R1O}}{I know that I have an alcohol/drug problem (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{R1P}}{I wonder if I use alcohol/drugs too much (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{R1Q}}{I am an alcoholic or drug addict (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{R1R}}{I am working hard to change alcohol/drug use (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{R1S}}{Some changes-want help from going back (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{RABSCALE}}{RAB scale sore}
#' \item{\code{RACE2}}{Race (recode) (1=White, 2=Minority)}
#' \item{\code{RACE}}{Race (recode) (1=Afr Amer/Black, 2=White, 3=Hispanic, 4=Other)}
#' \item{\code{RAWBP}}{Raw SF-36 pain index}
#' \item{\code{RAWGH}}{Raw SF-36 general health perceptions}
#' \item{\code{RAWMH}}{Raw SF-36 mental health index}
#' \item{\code{RAWPF}}{Raw SF-36 physical functioning}
#' \item{\code{RAWRE}}{Raw SF-36 role-emotional}
#' \item{\code{RAWRP}}{Raw SF-36 role-physical}
#' \item{\code{RAWSF}}{Raw SF-36 social functioning}
#' \item{\code{RAWVT}}{Raw SF-36 vitality}
#' \item{\code{RAW_ADS}}{ADS score}
#' \item{\code{RAW_AM}}{SOCRATES-Ambivalence-Raw}
#' \item{\code{RAW_RE}}{SOCRATES-Recognition-Raw}
#' \item{\code{RAW_TS}}{SOCRATES-Taking steps-Raw}
#' \item{\code{RCT_LINK}}{Did subject link to primary care (RCT)--This time point (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{REALM2}}{REALM score (dichotomous) (1=0-60, 2=61-66)}
#' \item{\code{REALM3}}{REALM score (categorical) (1=0-44), 2=45-60), 3=61-66)}
#' \item{\code{REALM}}{REALM score}
#' \item{\code{REG_MD}}{Did subject report having regular doctor--This time point (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{RE}}{SF-36 role-emotional (0-100)}
#' \item{\code{RP}}{SF-36 role physical (0-100)}
#' \item{\code{S1A}}{At interview pt obviously depressed/withdrawn (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{S1B}}{at interview pt obviously hostile (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{S1C}}{At interview patientt obviously anxious/nervous (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{S1D}}{Trouble with real tst/thght dis/par at interview (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{S1E}}{At interview pt trbl w/ compr/concen/rememb (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{S1F}}{At interview pt had suicidal thoughts (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{SATREAT}}{Any BSAS substance abuse this time point (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{SECD_SUB}}{Second drug of choice (0=None, 1=Alcohol, 3=Cocaine, 3=Heroine, 4=Barbituates, 5=Benzos, 6=Marijuana, 7=Methadone, 8=Opiates)}
#' \item{\code{SER_INJ}}{Recent (6m) serious injury y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{SEXABUSE}}{Sexual abuse-stranger or family (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{SEXRISK}}{RAB-Sex risk total}
#' \item{\code{SF}}{SF-36 social functioning (0-100)}
#' \item{\code{SMOKER}}{Current smoker (every/some days) y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{SR}}{InDUC-2L-Social responsibility-Raw}
#' \item{\code{STD_6M}}{Had an STD past 6m y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{STD_EVER}}{Ever had an STD y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{STRABUSE}}{Stranger abuse-physical or sexual (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{T1B}}{# days in row continued to drink}
#' \item{\code{T1C}}{Longest period abstain-last 6 months (alcohol)}
#' \item{\code{T1}}{Have used alcohol since leaving River St. (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{T2B}}{# days in row continued to use heroin}
#' \item{\code{T2C}}{Longest period abstain-last 6 months (heroin)}
#' \item{\code{T2}}{Have used heroin since leaving River St (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{T3B}}{# days in row continued to use cocaine}
#' \item{\code{T3C}}{Longest period abstain-last 6 months (cocaine)}
#' \item{\code{T3}}{Have used cocaine since leaving River St (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{TIME}}{Interview time point}
#' \item{\code{TOTALRAB}}{RAB-Total RAB sore}
#' \item{\code{U10A}}{# times been to regular MDs office-pst 6 months}
#' \item{\code{U10B}}{# times saw regular MD in office-pst 6 months}
#' \item{\code{U10C}}{# times saw oth prof in office-pst 6 months}
#' \item{\code{U11}}{Rate convenience of MD office location (1=Very poor, 2=Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5=Very good, 6=Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U12}}{Rate hours MD office open for medical appointments (1=Very poor, 2=Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5=Very good, 6=Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U13}}{Usual wait for appointment when sick (unscheduled) (1=Very poor, 2=Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5=Very good, 6=Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U14}}{Time wait for appointment to start at MD office (1=Very poor, 2=Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5=Very good, 6=Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U15A}}{DO you pay for any/all of MD visits (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U15B}}{How rate amt of $ you pay for MD visits (1=Very poor, 2=Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5=Very good, 6=Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U16A}}{Do you pay for any/all of prescript meds (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U16B}}{Rate amt $ pay for meds/prescript trtmnts (1=Very poor, 2=Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5=Very good, 6=Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U17}}{Ever skip meds/trtmnts because too expensive (1=Yes, often, 2=Yes, occasionally, 3=No, never)}
#' \item{\code{U18A}}{Ability to reach MC office by phone (1=Very poor, 2=Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5=Very good, 6=Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U18B}}{Ability to speak to MD by phone if need (1=Very poor, 2=Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5=Very good, 6=Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U19}}{How often see regular MD when have regular check-up (1=Always, 2=Almost always, 3=A lot of the time, 4=Some of the time, 5=Almost never, 6=Never)}
#' \item{\code{U1}}{It is important to have a regular MD (1=Strongly agree, 2=Agree, 3=Uncertain, 4=Disagree, 5=Strongly Disagree)}
#' \item{\code{U20}}{When sick + go to MD how often see regular MD (1=Always, 2=Almost always, 3=A lot of the time, 4=Some of the time, 5=Almost never, 6=Never)}
#' \item{\code{U21A}}{How thorough MD exam to check health prb (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U21B}}{How often question if MD diagnosis right (1=Always, 2=Almost always, 3=A lot of the time, 4=Some of the time, 5=Almost never, 6=Never)}
#' \item{\code{U22A}}{Thoroughness of MD questions re symptoms (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U22B}}{Attn MD gives to what you have to say (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U22C}}{MD explanations of health problems/treatments need (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U22D}}{MD instructions re symptom report/further care (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U22E}}{MD advice in decisions about your care (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U23}}{How often leave MD office with unanswd quests (1=Always, 2=Almost always, 3=A lot of the time, 4=Some of the time, 5=Almost never, 6=Never)}
#' \item{\code{U24A}}{Amount of time your MD spends with you (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U24B}}{MDs patience w/ your questions/worries (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U24C}}{MDs friendliness and warmth toward you (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U24D}}{MDs caring and concern for you (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U24E}}{MDs respect for you (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U25A}}{Reg MD ever talked to you about smoking (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U25B}}{Reg MD ever talked to you about alcohol use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U25C}}{Reg MD ever talk to you about seat belt use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U25D}}{Reg MD ever talked to you about diet (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U25E}}{Reg Mdever talked to you about exercise (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U25F}}{Reg MD ever talked to you about stress (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U25G}}{Reg MD ever talked to you about safe sex (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U25H}}{Reg MD ever talked to you about drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U25I}}{Reg MD ever talked to you about HIV testing (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U26A}}{Cut/quit smoking because of MDs advice (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U26B}}{Tried to drink less alcohol because of MD advice (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U26C}}{Wore my seat belt more because of MDs advice (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U26D}}{Changed diet because of MDs advice (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U26E}}{Done more exercise because MDs advice (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U26F}}{Relax/reduce stress because of MDs advice (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U26G}}{Practiced safer sex because of MDs advice (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U26H}}{Tried to cut down/quit drugs because MD advice (0=No, 1=Yes)}"
#' \item{\code{U26I}}{Got HIV tested because of MDs advice (0=No, 1=Yes)}"
#' \item{\code{U27A}}{I can tell my MD anything (1=Strongly agree, 2= Agree, 3= Not sure, 4=Disagree, 5=Strongly disagree)}"
#' \item{\code{U27B}}{My MD pretends to know thngs if not sure (1=Strongly agree, 2= Agree, 3= Not sure, 4=Disagree, 5=Strongly disagree)}"
#' \item{\code{U27C}}{I trust my MDs judgment re my med care (1=Strongly agree, 2= Agree, 3= Not sure, 4=Disagree, 5=Strongly disagree)}"
#' \item{\code{U27D}}{My MD cares > about < costs than my health (1=Strongly agree, 2= Agree, 3= Not sure, 4=Disagree, 5=Strongly disagree)}"
#' \item{\code{U27E}}{My MD always tell truth about my health (1=Strongly agree, 2= Agree, 3= Not sure, 4=Disagree, 5=Strongly disagree)}"
#' \item{\code{U27F}}{My MD cares as much as I about my health (1=Strongly agree, 2= Agree, 3= Not sure, 4=Disagree, 5=Strongly disagree)}"
#' \item{\code{U27G}}{My MD would try to hide a mistake in trtmt (1=Strongly agree, 2= Agree, 3= Not sure, 4=Disagree, 5=Strongly disagree)}"
#' \item{\code{U28}}{How much to you trust this MD (0=Not at all, 1=1, 2=2, 3=3, 4=4, 5=5, 6=6, 7=7, 8=8, 9=9, 10=Completely)}"
#' \item{\code{U29A}}{MDs knowledge of your entire med history (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}"
#' \item{\code{U29B}}{MD knowledge of your response-home/work/sch (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}"
#' \item{\code{U29C}}{MD knowledge of what worries you most-health (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}"
#' \item{\code{U29D}}{MDs knowledge of you as a person (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}"
#' \item{\code{U2A}}{I cannot pay for services (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U2B}}{I am not eligible for free care (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U2C}}{I do not know where to go (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U2D}}{Can't get services due to transport probs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U2E}}{Office/clinic hours are inconvenient (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U2F}}{I do not speak/understand English well (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U2G}}{Afraid others discover health prb I have (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U2H}}{My substance abuse interferes (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U2I}}{I do not have a babysitter (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U2J}}{I do not want to lose my job (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U2K}}{My insurance does not cover services (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U2L}}{Medical care is not important to me (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U2M}}{I do not have time (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U2N}}{Med staff do not treat me with respect (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U2O}}{I do not trust my doctors or nurses (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U2P}}{Often been unsatisfied w/my med care (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U2Q_T}}{a factor with many levels}
#' \item{\code{U2Q}}{Other reason hard to get regular med care (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U2R}}{a factor with levels \code{} \code{7} \code{A} \code{B} \code{C} \code{D} \code{E} \code{F} \code{G} \code{H} \code{I} \code{J} \code{K} \code{L} \code{M} \code{N} \code{O} \code{P} \code{Q}}
#' \item{\code{U30}}{MD would know what want done if unconscious (1=Strongly agree, 2=Agree, 3=Not sure, 4= Disagree, 5=Strongly disagree)}"
#' \item{\code{U31}}{Oth MDs/RNs who play role in your care (0=No, 1=Yes)}" *
#' \item{\code{U32A}}{Their knowledge of you as a person (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U32B}}{The quality of care they provide (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U32C}}{Coordination between them and your regular MD (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U32D_T}}{N/A, only my regular MD does this}
#' \item{\code{U32D}}{Their explanation of your health prbs/trtmts need (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U33}}{Amt regular MD knows about care from others (1=Knows everything, 2=Knows almost everything, 3=Knows some things, 4=Knows very little, 5=Knows nothing)}
#' \item{\code{U34}}{Has MD ever recommended you see MD specialists (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U35A}}{How helpful MD in deciding on specialist (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U35B}}{How helpful MD getting appointment with specialist (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U35C}}{MDs involvement when you trtd by specialist (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U35D}}{MDs communication w/your specialists/oth MDs (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U35E}}{MD help in explain what specialists said (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U35F}}{Quality of specialists MD sent you to (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U36}}{How many minutes to get to MDs office (1=<15, 2=16-30. 3=31-60, 4=More than 60)}
#' \item{\code{U37}}{When sick+call how long take to see you (1=Same day, 2=Next day, 3=In 2-3 days, 4=In 4-5 days, 5=in >5 days)}
#' \item{\code{U38}}{How many minutes late appointment usually begin (1=None, 2=<5 minutes, 3=6-10 minutes, 4=11-20 minutes, 5=21-30 minutes, 6=31-45 minutes, 7=>45 minutes)}
#' \item{\code{U39}}{How satisfied are you w/your regular MD (1=Completely satisfied, 2=Very satisfied, 3=Somewhat satisfied, 4=Neither, 5=Somewhat dissatisfied, 6=Very dissatisfied, 7=Completely dissatisfied)}
#' \item{\code{U3A}}{Has MD evr talked to you about drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U3B}}{Has MD evr talked to you about alcohol use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U4}}{Is there an MD you consider your regular MD (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U5}}{Have you seen any MDs in last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U6A}}{Would you go to this MD if med prb not emergency (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U6B}}{Think one of these could be your regular MD (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U7A_T}}{a factor with levels \code{} \code{ARTHRITIS DOCTOR} \code{CHIROPRACTOR} \code{COCAINE STUDY} \code{DETOX DOCTOR} \code{DO} \code{EAR DOCTOR} \code{EAR SPECIALIST} \code{EAR, NOSE, & THROAT.} \code{EAR/NOSE/THROAT} \code{ENT} \code{FAMILY PHYSICIAN} \code{GENERAL MEDICINE} \code{GENERAL PRACTICE} \code{GENERAL PRACTITIONER} \code{GENERAL PRACTITIONER} \code{HEAD & NECK SPECIALIST} \code{HERBAL/HOMEOPATHIC/ACUPUNCTURE} \code{ID DOCTOR} \code{MAYBE GENERAL PRACTITIONER} \code{MEDICAL STUDENT} \code{NEUROLOGIST} \code{NURSE} \code{NURSE PRACTITIONER} \code{NURSE PRACTITIONER} \code{ONCOLOGIST} \code{PRENATAL} \code{PRIMARY} \code{PRIMARY CARE} \code{PRIMARY CARE} \code{PRIMARY CARE DOCTOR} \code{PRIMARY CARE} \code{THERAPIST} \code{UROLOGIST} \code{WOMENS CLINIC BMC}}
#' \item{\code{U7A}}{What type of MD is your regular MD/this MD (1=OB/GYN, 2=Family medicine, 3=Pediatrician, 4=Adolescent medicine, 5=Internal medicine, 6=AIDS doctor, 7=Asthma doctor, 8=Pulmonary doctor, 9=Cardiologist, 10=Gastroen)}
#' \item{\code{U8A}}{Only saw this person once (=Only saw once)}
#' \item{\code{U8B}}{Saw this person for < 6 months (1 = <6 months)}
#' \item{\code{U8C}}{Saw this person for 6 months - 1 year (2=Between 6 months & 1 year)}
#' \item{\code{U8D}}{Saw this person for 1-2 years (3 = 1-2 years)}
#' \item{\code{U8E}}{Saw this person for 3-5 years (4 = 3-5 years)}
#' \item{\code{U8F}}{Saw this person for more than 5 years (5 = >5 years)}
#' \item{\code{UNEMPLOY}}{Usually unemployed last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{V1}}{Ever needed to drink much more to get effect (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{V2}}{Evr find alcohol had < effect than once did (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{VT}}{SF-36 vitality 0-100)}
#' \item{\code{Z1}}{Breath Alcohol Concentration:1st test}
#' \item{\code{Z2}}{Breath Alcohol Concentration:2nd test}
#' }
#'
#' @details
#' Eligible subjects were adults, who spoke Spanish or English, reported alcohol,
#' heroin or cocaine as their first or second drug of choice, resided in proximity
#' to the primary care clinic to which they would be referred or were homeless.
#' Patients with established primary care relationships they planned to continue,
#' significant dementia, specific plans to leave the Boston area that would
#' prevent research participation, failure to provide contact information for
#' tracking purposes, or pregnancy were excluded.
#'
#' Subjects were interviewed at baseline during their detoxification
#' stay and follow-up interviews were undertaken every 6 months for 2
#' years. A variety of continuous, count, discrete, and survival time
#' predictors and outcomes were collected at each of these five
#' occasions.
#'
#' This dataset is a superset of the HELPmiss and HELPrct datasets which include
#' far fewer variables. Full details of the survey instruments are available at the
#' following link.
#'
#' @source
#' \url{https://nhorton.people.amherst.edu/help/}
#'
#' @references
#' Samet JH, Larson MJ, Horton NJ, Doyle K, Winter M, and Saitz R. Linking alcohol and
#' drug-dependent adults to primary medical care:
#' A randomized controlled trial of
#' a multi-disciplinary health intervention in a detoxification unit.
#' \emph{Addiction}, 2003; 98(4):509-516.
#'
#'
#' @examples
#' data(HELPfull)
#'
#' @seealso \code{\link{HELPrct}}, and \code{\link{HELPmiss}}.
#'
#' @keywords datasets
NA
#' Health Evaluation and Linkage to Primary Care
#'
#' The HELP study was a clinical trial for adult inpatients recruited from a
#' detoxification unit. Patients with no primary care physician were randomized
#' to receive a multidisciplinary assessment and a brief motivational intervention
#' or usual care, with the goal of linking them to primary medical care.
#'
#' @name HELPmiss
#' @usage data(HELPmiss)
#' @docType data
#' @format
#' Data frame with 470 observations on the following variables.
#'
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{age}}{subject age at baseline (in years)}
#' \item{\code{anysub}}{use of any substance post-detox: a factor with levels \code{no} \code{yes}}
#' \item{\code{cesd}}{Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression measure of depressive symptoms at baseline (higher scores indicate more symptoms)}
#' \item{\code{d1}}{lifetime number of hospitalizations for medical problems (measured at baseline)}
#' \item{\code{daysanysub}}{time (in days) to first use of any substance post-detox}
#' \item{\code{dayslink}}{time (in days) to linkage to primary care}
#' \item{\code{drugrisk}}{Risk Assessment Battery drug risk scale at baseline}
#' \item{\code{e2b}}{number of times in past 6 months entered a detox program (measured at baseline)}
#' \item{\code{female}}{0 for male, 1 for female}
#' \item{\code{sex}}{a factor with levels \code{male} \code{female}}
#' \item{\code{g1b}}{experienced serious thoughts of suicide in last 30 days (measured at baseline): a factor with levels \code{no} \code{yes}}
#' \item{\code{homeless}}{housing status: a factor with levels \code{housed} \code{homeless}}
#' \item{\code{i1}}{average number of drinks (standard units) consumed per day, in the
#' past 30 days (measured at baseline)}
#' \item{\code{i2}}{maximum number of drinks (standard units) consumed per day, in the
#' past 30 days (measured at baseline)}
#' \item{\code{avg_drinks}}{average number of drinks (standard units) consumed per day, in the
#' past 30 days (measured at baseline). Same as `i1`.}
#' \item{\code{max_drinks}}{maximum number of drinks (standard units) consumed per day, in the
#' past 30 days (measured at baseline). Same as `i2`.}
#' \item{\code{id}}{subject identifier}
#' \item{\code{indtot}}{Inventory of Drug Use Consequences (InDUC) total score (measured at baseline)}
#' \item{\code{linkstatus}}{post-detox linkage to primary care (0 = no, 1 = yes)}
#' \item{\code{link}}{post-detox linkage to primary care: \code{no} \code{yes}}
#' \item{\code{mcs}}{SF-36 Mental Component Score (measured at baseline, higher scores are better)}
#' \item{\code{pcs}}{SF-36 Physical Component Score (measured at baseline, higher scores are better)}
#' \item{\code{pss_fr}}{perceived social support by friends (measured at baseline)}
#' \item{\code{racegrp}}{race/ethnicity: levels \code{black} \code{hispanic} \code{other} \code{white}}
#' \item{\code{satreat}}{any BSAS substance abuse treatment at baseline: \code{no} \code{yes}}
#' \item{\code{sexrisk}}{Risk Assessment Battery sex risk score (measured at baseline)}
#' \item{\code{substance}}{primary substance of abuse: \code{alcohol} \code{cocaine} \code{heroin}}
#' \item{\code{treat}}{randomized to HELP clinic: \code{no} \code{yes}}
#' }
#'
#'
#' @details
#' Eligible subjects were adults, who spoke Spanish or English, reported alcohol,
#' heroin or cocaine as their first or second drug of choice, resided in proximity
#' to the primary care clinic to which they would be referred or were homeless.
#' Patients with established primary care relationships they planned to continue,
#' significant dementia, specific plans to leave the Boston area that would
#' prevent research participation, failure to provide contact information for
#' tracking purposes, or pregnancy were excluded.
#'
#' Subjects were interviewed at baseline during their detoxification
#' stay and follow-up interviews were undertaken every 6 months for 2
#' years. A variety of continuous, count, discrete, and survival time
#' predictors and outcomes were collected at each of these five
#' occasions.
#'
#' This dataset is a superset of the HELPrct data with 17 subjects with
#' partially observed data on some of the baseline variables. This is
#' a subset of the HELPfull data which includes 5 timepoints and many
#' additional variables.
#'
#' @source
#' \url{https://nhorton.people.amherst.edu/help/}
#'
#' @references
#' Samet JH, Larson MJ, Horton NJ, Doyle K, Winter M, and Saitz R. Linking alcohol and
#' drug-dependent adults to primary medical care:
#' A randomized controlled trial of
#' a multi-disciplinary health intervention in a detoxification unit.
#' \emph{Addiction}, 2003; 98(4):509-516.
#'
#' @seealso \code{\link{HELPrct}} , and \code{\link{HELPfull}}.
#'
#'
#' @examples
#' data(HELPmiss)
#'
#' @keywords datasets
NA
#' Health Evaluation and Linkage to Primary Care
#'
#' The HELP study was a clinical trial for adult inpatients recruited from a
#' detoxification unit. Patients with no primary care physician were randomized
#' to receive a multidisciplinary assessment and a brief motivational intervention
#' or usual care, with the goal of linking them to primary medical care.
#'
#' @name HELPrct
#' @usage data(HELPrct)
#' @docType data
#' @format
#' Data frame with 453 observations on the following variables.
#'
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{age}}{subject age at baseline (in years)}
#' \item{\code{anysub}}{use of any substance post-detox: a factor with levels \code{no} \code{yes}}
#' \item{\code{cesd}}{Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression measure at baseline (high scores indicate more depressive symptoms)}
#' \item{\code{d1}}{lifetime number of hospitalizations for medical problems (measured at baseline)}
#' \item{\code{hospitalizations}}{lifetime number of hospitalizations for medical problems (measured at baseline)}
#' \item{\code{daysanysub}}{time (in days) to first use of any substance post-detox}
#' \item{\code{dayslink}}{time (in days) to linkage to primary care}
#' \item{\code{drugrisk}}{Risk Assessment Battery drug risk scale at baseline}
#' \item{\code{e2b}}{number of times in past 6 months entered a detox program (measured at baseline)}
#' \item{\code{female}}{0 for male, 1 for female}
#' \item{\code{sex}}{a factor with levels \code{male} \code{female}}
#' \item{\code{g1b}}{experienced serious thoughts of suicide in last 30 days (measured at baseline): a factor with levels \code{no} \code{yes}}
#' \item{\code{homeless}}{housing status: a factor with levels \code{housed} \code{homeless}}
#' \item{\code{i1}}{average number of drinks (standard units) consumed per day, in the
#' past 30 days (measured at baseline)}
#' \item{\code{i2}}{maximum number of drinks (standard units) consumed per day, in the
#' past 30 days (measured at baseline)}
#' \item{\code{id}}{subject identifier}
#' \item{\code{indtot}}{Inventory of Drug Use Consequences (InDUC) total score (measured at baseline)}
#' \item{\code{linkstatus}}{post-detox linkage to primary care (0 = no, 1 = yes)}
#' \item{\code{link}}{post-detox linkage to primary care: \code{no} \code{yes}}
#' \item{\code{mcs}}{SF-36 Mental Component Score (measured at baseline, lower scores indicate worse status)}
#' \item{\code{pcs}}{SF-36 Physical Component Score (measured at baseline, lower scores indicate worse status)}
#' \item{\code{pss_fr}}{perceived social support by friends (measured at baseline, higher scores indicate more support)}
#' \item{\code{racegrp}}{race/ethnicity: levels \code{black} \code{hispanic} \code{other} \code{white}}
#' \item{\code{satreat}}{any BSAS substance abuse treatment at baseline: \code{no} \code{yes}}
#' \item{\code{sexrisk}}{Risk Assessment Battery sex risk score (measured at baseline)}
#' \item{\code{substance}}{primary substance of abuse: \code{alcohol} \code{cocaine} \code{heroin}}
#' \item{\code{treat}}{randomized to HELP clinic: \code{no} \code{yes}}
#' }
#'
#'
#' @note
#' The \code{HELPrct} data set was originally named \code{HELP} but has
#' been renamed to avoid confusion with the \code{help} function.
#'
#'
#' @details
#' Eligible subjects were adults, who spoke Spanish or English, reported alcohol,
#' heroin or cocaine as their first or second drug of choice, resided in proximity
#' to the primary care clinic to which they would be referred or were homeless.
#' Patients with established primary care relationships they planned to continue,
#' significant dementia, specific plans to leave the Boston area that would
#' prevent research participation, failure to provide contact information for
#' tracking purposes, or pregnancy were excluded.
#'
#' Subjects were interviewed at baseline during their detoxification
#' stay and follow-up interviews were undertaken every 6 months for 2
#' years. A variety of continuous, count, discrete, and survival time
#' predictors and outcomes were collected at each of these five
#' occasions.
#'
#' This data set is a subset of the \code{\link{HELPmiss}} data set restricted to
#' the 453 subjects who were fully observed on the
#' \code{age}, \code{cesd}, \code{d1},
#' \code{female}, \code{sex}, \code{g1b}, \code{homeless},
#' \code{i1}, \code{i2}, \code{indtot}, \code{mcs}, \code{pcs}, \code{pss_fr},
#' \code{racegrp}, \code{satreat}, \code{substance}, \code{treat},
#' and \code{sexrisk} variables. (There is some missingness in the other variables.)
#' \code{\link{HELPmiss}} contains 17 additional subjects with
#' partially observed data on some of these baseline variables. This is
#' also a subset of the \code{\link{HELPfull}} data which includes 5 timepoints and
#' many additional variables.
#'
#' @source
#' \url{https://nhorton.people.amherst.edu/help/}
#'
#' @references
#' Samet JH, Larson MJ, Horton NJ, Doyle K, Winter M, and Saitz R. Linking alcohol and
#' drug-dependent adults to primary medical care:
#' A randomized controlled trial of
#' a multi-disciplinary health intervention in a detoxification unit.
#' \emph{Addiction}, 2003; 98(4):509-516.
#'
#' @seealso \code{\link{HELPmiss}}, and \code{\link{HELPfull}}.
#'
#'
#' @examples
#' data(HELPrct)
#'
#' @keywords datasets
NA
#' Foot measurements in children
#'
#' These data were collected by a statistician, Mary C. Meyer, in a
#' fourth grade classroom in Ann Arbor, MI, in October 1997. They are a
#' convenience sample --- the kids who were in the fourth grade.
#'
#' @name KidsFeet
#' @usage data(KidsFeet)
#' @docType data
#' @format
#' A data frame with 39 observations on the following variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{name}}{a factor with levels corresponding to the name of each child}
#' \item{\code{birthmonth}}{the month of birth}
#' \item{\code{birthyear}}{the year of birth}
#' \item{\code{length}}{length of longer foot (in cm)}
#' \item{\code{width}}{width of longer foot (in cm)}
#' \item{\code{sex}}{a factor with levels \code{B} \code{G}}
#' \item{\code{biggerfoot}}{a factor with levels \code{L} \code{R}}
#' \item{\code{domhand}}{a factor with levels \code{L} \code{R}}
#' }
#'
#' @details
#' Quoted from the source: "From a very young age, shoes for boys tend to be wider than shoes for girls. Is this because boys have wider feet, or because it is assumed that
#' girls, even in elementary school, are willing to sacrifice comfort for fashion?
#' To assess the former, a statistician measures kids' feet."
#'
#' @references
#' Mary C. Meyer (2006) "Wider Shoes for Wider Feet?"
#' \emph{Journal of Statistics Education} 14(1),
#' <http://jse.amstat.org/v14n1/datasets.meyer.html>.
#'
#' @examples
#' data(KidsFeet)
#'
#' @keywords datasets
NA
#' Marriage records
#'
#' Marriage records from the Mobile County, Alabama, probate court.
#'
#' @name Marriage
#' @usage data(Marriage)
#' @docType data
#' @format
#' A data frame with 98 observations on the following variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{bookpageID}}{a factor with levels for each book and page (unique identifier)}
#' \item{\code{appdate}}{date on which the application was filed}
#' \item{\code{ceremonydate}}{date of the ceremony}
#' \item{\code{delay}}{number of days between the application and the ceremony}
#' \item{\code{officialTitle}}{a factor with levels \code{BISHOP} \code{CATHOLIC PRIEST} \code{CHIEF CLERK} \code{CIRCUIT JUDGE } \code{ELDER} \code{MARRIAGE OFFICIAL} \code{MINISTER} \code{PASTOR} \code{REVEREND}}
#' \item{\code{person}}{a factor with levels \code{Bride} \code{Groom}}
#' \item{\code{dob}}{a factor with levels corresponding to the date of birth of the person}
#' \item{\code{age}}{age of the person (in years)}
#' \item{\code{race}}{a factor with levels \code{American Indian} \code{Black} \code{Hispanic} \code{White}}
#' \item{\code{prevcount}}{the number of previous marriages of the person, as listed on the
#' application}
#' \item{\code{prevconc}}{the way the last marriage ended, as listed on the application}
#' \item{\code{hs}}{the number of years of high school education, as listed on the application}
#' \item{\code{college}}{the number of years College education, as listed on the application. Where no number was listed, this field was left blank, unless less than 12 years High School was reported, in which case it was entered as 0.}
#' \item{\code{dayOfBirth}}{the day of birth, as a number from 1 to 365 counting from January 1}
#' \item{\code{sign}}{the astrological sign, with levels \code{Aquarius} \code{Aries} \code{Cancer} \code{Capricorn} \code{Gemini} \code{Leo} \code{Libra} \code{Pisces} \code{Sagittarius} \code{Scorpio} \code{Taurus} \code{Virgo}}
#' }
#'
#' @details
#' The calculation of the astrological sign may not correctly sort people directly on the borders between signs. This variable is not part of the original record.
#'
#' @source
#' The records were collected through
#' http://www.mobilecounty.org/probatecourt/recordssearch.htm
#'
#' @examples
#' data(Marriage)
#'
#' @keywords datasets
NA
#' Mites and Wilt Disease
#'
#' Data from an experiment to test whether exposure to mites protects against Wilt Disease in
#' cotton plants.
#'
#' @name Mites
#' @usage data(Mites)
#' @docType data
#' @format
#' A data frame with 47 observations on the following variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{treatment}}{a factor with levels \code{mites} and \code{no mites}}
#' \item{\code{outcome}}{a factor with levels \code{wilt} and \code{no wilt}}
#' }
#'
#' @details
#' Researchers suspected that attack of a plant by one organism induced
#' resistance to subsequent attack by a different organism. Individually potted
#' cotton plants were randomly allocated to two groups: infestation by spider
#' mites or no infestation. After two weeks the mites were dutifully removed by
#' a conscientious research assistant, and both groups were inoculated with
#' Verticillium, a fungus that causes Wilt disease. More information can be
#' found at <https://www.causeweb.org/cause/webinar/activity/2010-01/>.
#'
#' @source
#' Statistics for the Life Sciences, Third Edition; Myra Samuels & Jeffrey Witmer (2003), page 409.
#'
#' @examples
#' data(Mites)
#' if (require(mosaic)) {
#' tally(~ treatment + outcome, data=Mites)
#' tally(~ outcome | treatment, format="percent", data=Mites)
#' }
#'
#' @keywords datasets
NA
#' State by State SAT data
#'
#'
#' SAT data assembled for a statistics education journal article on the
#' link between SAT scores and measures of educational expenditures
#'
#'
#' @name SAT
#' @usage data(SAT)
#' @docType data
#' @format
#' A data frame with 50 observations on the following variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{state}}{a factor with names of each state}
#' \item{\code{expend}}{expenditure per pupil in average daily attendance in
#' public elementary and secondary schools, 1994-95 (in thousands of US dollars)}
#' \item{\code{ratio}}{average pupil/teacher ratio in public elementary and secondary
#' schools, Fall 1994}
#' \item{\code{salary}}{estimated average annual salary of teachers in public elementary
#' and secondary schools, 1994-95 (in thousands of US dollars)}
#' \item{\code{frac}}{percentage of all eligible students taking the SAT, 1994-95}
#' \item{\code{verbal}}{average verbal SAT score, 1994-95}
#' \item{\code{math}}{average math SAT score, 1994-95}
#' \item{\code{sat}}{average total SAT score, 1994-95}
#' }
#'
#' @source
#' http://www.amstat.org/publications/jse/secure/v7n2/datasets.guber.cfm
#'
#' @references
#' Deborah Lynn Guber, "Getting what you pay for: the debate over equity in
#' public school expenditures" (1999), \emph{Journal of Statistics Education} 7(2).
#'
#' @examples
#' data(SAT)
#' if (require(ggformula)) {
#' gf_point(sat ~ expend, data = SAT, color = "blue", alpha = 0.5) |>
#' gf_lm()
#' gf_text(sat ~ expend, data = SAT, label = ~ abbreviate(SAT$state, 3),
#' inherit = FALSE)
#' }
#' @keywords datasets
NA
#' Cherry Blossom Race
#'
#' The Cherry Blossom 10 Mile Run is a road race held in Washington,
#' D.C. in April each year. (The name comes from the famous cherry trees
#' that are in bloom in April in Washington.) The results of this race
#' are published. This data frame contains the results from the 2005 race.
#'
#' @name TenMileRace
#' @usage data(TenMileRace)
#' @docType data
#' @format
#' A data frame with 8636 observations on the following variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{state}}{State of residence of runner.}
#' \item{\code{time}}{Official time from starting gun to finish line.}
#' \item{\code{net}}{The recorded time (in seconds) from when the runner crossed the starting
#' line to when the runner crossed the finish line. This is generally
#' less than the official time because of the large number of runners in
#' the race: it takes time to reach the starting line after the gun has
#' gone off.}
#' \item{\code{age}}{Age of runner in years.}
#' \item{\code{sex}}{A factor with levels \code{F} \code{M}.}
#' }
#'
#' @examples
#' data(TenMileRace)
#' if (require(ggformula)) {
#' gf_point(net ~ age | sex, data = TenMileRace, color = ~sex, alpha = 0.1) |>
#' gf_density2d(color = "gray40")
#' lm(net ~ age + sex, data = TenMileRace)
#' }
#'
#' @keywords datasets
NA
#' Utility bills
#'
#' Data from utility bills at a residence.
#' \code{\link{Utilities2}} is a similar data set with some additional variables.
#'
#' @name Utilities
#' @usage data(Utilities)
#' @docType data
#' @format
#' A data frame containing 117 observations for the following variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{month}}{month (coded as a number)}
#' \item{\code{day}}{day of month on which bill was calculated}
#' \item{\code{year}}{year of bill}
#' \item{\code{temp}}{average temperature (F) for billing period}
#' \item{\code{kwh}}{electricity usage (kwh)}
#' \item{\code{ccf}}{gas usage (ccf)}
#' \item{\code{thermsPerDay}}{a numeric vector}
#' \item{\code{billingDays}}{number of billing days in billing period}
#' \item{\code{totalbill}}{total bill (in dollars)}
#' \item{\code{gasbill}}{gas bill (in dollars)}
#' \item{\code{elecbill}}{electric bill (in dollars)}
#' \item{\code{notes}}{notes about the billing period}
#' }
#'
#' @source
#' Daniel T. Kaplan, \emph{Statistical modeling: A fresh approach}, 2009.
#'
#' @examples
#' data(Utilities)
#' if (require(ggformula)) {
#' gf_point(gasbill ~ temp, data = Utilities)
#' }
#'
#' @seealso \code{\link{Utilities2}}.
#' @keywords datasets
NA
#' Utility bills
#'
#' Data from utility bills at a private residence. This is an augmented version
#' of \code{\link{Utilities}}.
#'
#' @name Utilities2
#' @usage data(Utilities2)
#' @docType data
#' @format
#' A data frame containing 117 observations for the following variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{month}}{month (coded as a number)}
#' \item{\code{day}}{day of month on which bill was calculated}
#' \item{\code{year}}{year of bill}
#' \item{\code{temp}}{average temperature (F) for billing period}
#' \item{\code{kwh}}{electricity usage (kwh)}
#' \item{\code{ccf}}{gas usage (ccf)}
#' \item{\code{thermsPerDay}}{a numeric vector}
#' \item{\code{billingDays}}{number of billing days in billing period}
#' \item{\code{totalbill}}{total bill (in dollars)}
#' \item{\code{gasbill}}{gas bill (in dollars)}
#' \item{\code{elecbill}}{electric bill (in dollars)}
#' \item{\code{notes}}{notes about the billing period}
#' \item{\code{ccfpday}}{average gas usage per day (\code{Utilities2} only)}
#' \item{\code{kwhpday}}{average electric usage per day (\code{Utilities2} only)}
#' \item{\code{gasbillpday}}{gas bill divided by billing days (\code{Utilities2} only)}
#' \item{\code{elecbillpday}}{electric bill divided by billing days a numeric vector
#' (\code{Utilities2} only)}
#' \item{\code{totalbillpday}}{total bill divided by billing days a
#' numeric vector (\code{Utilities2} only)}
#' \item{\code{therms}}{\code{thermsPerDay * billingDays} (\code{Utilities2} only)}
#' \item{\code{monthsSinceY2K}}{months since 2000 (\code{Utilities2} only)}
#' }
#'
#' @source
#' Daniel T. Kaplan, \emph{Statistical modeling: A fresh approach}, 2009.
#'
#' @examples
#' data(Utilities2)
#' if (require(ggformula)) {
#' gf_point(gasbillpday ~ temp, data = Utilities2)
#' }
#'
#' @seealso \code{\link{Utilities}}.
#' @keywords datasets
NA
#' Data from the Whickham survey
#'
#' Data on age, smoking, and mortality
#' from a one-in-six survey of the electoral roll
#' in Whickham, a mixed urban and rural district near Newcastle upon
#' Tyne, in the UK. The survey was conducted in 1972-1974 to study
#' heart disease and thyroid disease. A follow-up on those in the
#' survey was conducted twenty years later.
#'
#' @name Whickham
#' @usage data(Whickham)
#' @docType data
#' @format
#' A data frame with 1314 observations on women for the following variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{outcome}}{survival status after 20 years: a factor with levels \code{Alive} \code{Dead}}
#' \item{\code{smoker}}{smoking status at baseline: a factor with levels \code{No} \code{Yes}}
#' \item{\code{age}}{age (in years) at the time of the first survey}
#' }
#'
#' @details
#' This dataset contains a
#' subset of the survey sample: women who were classified as current
#' smokers or as never having smoked.
#' The data were
#' synthesized from the summary description tables given
#' in the Appleton et al al paper.
#'
#' @references
#' DR Appleton, JM French, MPJ Vanderpump. "Ignoring a covariate: an example
#' of Simpson's paradox". (1996)
#' \emph{American Statistician}, 50(4):340-341.
#'
#' @examples
#' data(Whickham)
#'
#' @keywords datasets
NA
#' Snowfall data for Grand Rapids, MI
#'
#' Official snowfall data by month and season for Grand Rapids, MI, going back to 1893.
#'
#' @name SnowGR
#' @usage data(SnowGR)
#' @docType data
#' @format
#' A data frame with 119 observations of the following variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{SeasonStart}}{Year in which season started (July is start of season)}
#' \item{\code{SeasonEnd}}{Year in which season ended (June is end of season)}
#' \item{\code{Jul}}{Inches of snow in July}
#' \item{\code{Aug}}{Inches of snow in August}
#' \item{\code{Sep}}{Inches of snow in September}
#' \item{\code{Oct}}{Inches of snow in October}
#' \item{\code{Nov}}{Inches of snow in November}
#' \item{\code{Dec}}{Inches of snow in December}
#' \item{\code{Jan}}{Inches of snow in January}
#' \item{\code{Feb}}{Inches of snow in February}
#' \item{\code{Mar}}{Inches of snow in March}
#' \item{\code{Apr}}{Inches of snow in April}
#' \item{\code{May}}{Inches of snow in May}
#' \item{\code{Jun}}{Inches of snow in June}
#' \item{\code{Total}}{Inches of snow for entire season (July-June)}
#' }
#'
#' @source
#' These data were compiled by Laura Kapitula from data available
#' from NOAA. The original URL used
#' (http://www.crh.noaa.gov/grr/climate/data/grr/snowfall/)
#' is no longer in service.
#'
#' @examples
#' data(SnowGR)
#' if (require(ggformula)) {
#' df_stats(~ Total, data = SnowGR)
#' gf_histogram( ~ Total, data = SnowGR)
#' gf_point(Total ~ SeasonStart, data = SnowGR) |>
#' gf_smooth()
#'
#' if (require(tidyr) && require(dplyr)) {
#' Snow2 <-
#' SnowGR |>
#' pivot_longer(Jul:Total, names_to = "month", values_to = "snowfall") |>
#' filter(month != "Total") |>
#' mutate(month = factor(month, levels = unique(month)))
#' gf_violin(snowfall ~ month, data = Snow2, scale = "width")
#' }
#' }
#'
#' @keywords datasets
NA
#' 100 m Swimming World Records
#'
#' World records for men and women over time from 1905 through 2004.
#'
#' @name SwimRecords
#' @usage data(SwimRecords)
#' @docType data
#' @format
#' A data frame with 62 observations of the following variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{time}}{time (in seconds) of the world record}
#' \item{\code{year}}{Year in which the record was set}
#' \item{\code{sex}}{a factor with levels \code{M} and \code{F}}
#' }
#'
#' @examples
#' data(SwimRecords)
#' if (require(ggformula)) {
#' gf_point(time ~ year, data = SwimRecords, color = ~ sex)
#' }
#'
#' @keywords datasets
NA
#' CoolingWater
#'
#' Temperature of a mug of water as it cools
#'
#' @name CoolingWater
#' @usage data(CoolingWater)
#' @docType data
#' @format
#' A data frame with 222 observations of the following variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{time}}{time in minutes}
#' \item{\code{temp}}{temperature in Celsius}
#' }
#' @source
#' These data were collected Stan Wagon to help his
#' mathematical modeling students explore Newton's
#' Law of Cooling and the ways that the law is really
#' only an approximation. More about Stan: \url{http://stanwagon.com}.
#' @details
#' The water was poured into a mug and a temperature probe inserted into
#' the water with a few seconds of the pour.
#' @examples
#' data(CoolingWater)
#' if (require(ggformula)) {
#' gf_point(temp ~ time, data = CoolingWater, alpha = 0.5)
#' }
#'
#' @keywords datasets
NA
#' Volume of Users of a Massachusetts Rail Trail
#'
#'The Pioneer Valley Planning Commission (PVPC) collected data north of
#' Chestnut Street in Florence, MA for ninety days from April 5, 2005 to
#' November 15, 2005. Data collectors set up a laser sensor, with breaks in the laser beam
#' recording when a rail-trail user passed the data collection station.
#' @docType data
#' @name Riders
#' @usage data(Riders)
#' @format
#' A data frame with 90 observations on the following 12 variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{date}}{date of data collection (POSIXct)}
#' \item{\code{day}}{a factor with levels \code{Monday}, \code{Tuesday}, \code{Wednesday},
#' \code{Thursday}, \code{Friday}, \code{Saturday}, and \code{Sunday}.}
#' \item{\code{highT}}{high temperature for the day (in degrees Fahrenheit)}
#' \item{\code{lowT}}{low temperature for the day (in degrees Fahrenheit)}
#' \item{\code{hi}}{shorter name for \code{highT}}
#' \item{\code{lo}}{shorter name for \code{lowT}}
#' \item{\code{precip}}{inches of precipitation}
#' \item{\code{clouds}}{measure of cloud cover (in oktas)}
#' \item{\code{riders}}{estimated number of trail crossings that day (number of breaks recorded)}
#' \item{\code{ct}}{shorter name for \code{riders}}
#' \item{\code{weekday}}{type of day: a factor with levels \code{N} (weekend or holiday)
#' \code{Y} (non-holiday weekday)}
#' \item{\code{wday}}{shorter name for \code{weekday}}
#' }
#' @details
#' There is a potential for error when two users trigger the infrared beam at exactly the same time
#' since the counter would only logs one of the crossings. The collectors left the motion detector
#' out during the winter, but because the counter drops data when the temperature falls below 14
#' degrees Fahrenheit, there are no data for the coldest winter months.
#'
#' @source
#' Pioneer Valley Planning Commission,
#' http://www.fvgreenway.org/pdfs/Northampton-Bikepath-Volume-Counts%20_05_LTA.pdf
#'
#' @references
#' "Rail trails and property values: Is there an association?",
#' Nicholas J. Horton and Ella Hartenian (Journal of Statistics Education, 2015),
#' http://www.amstat.org/publications/jse/v23n2/horton.pdf
#'
#' @examples
#' data(Riders)
#' str(Riders)
#'
NA
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#' Volume of Users of a Rail Trail
#'
#' The Pioneer Valley Planning Commission (PVPC) collected data north of Chestnut Street in
#' Florence, MA for ninety days from April 5, 2005 to November 15, 2005. Data collectors set up a
#' laser sensor, with breaks in the laser beam recording when a rail-trail user passed the
#' data collection station.
#'
#' @docType data
#' @name RailTrail
#' @usage data(RailTrail)
#' @format
#' A data frame with 90 observations on the following variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{hightemp}}{daily high temperature (in degrees Fahrenheit)}
#' \item{\code{lowtemp}}{daily low temperature (in degrees Fahrenheit)}
#' \item{\code{avgtemp}}{average of daily low and daily high temperature (in degrees Fahrenheit)}
#' \item{\code{spring}}{indicator of whether the season was Spring}
#' \item{\code{summer}}{indicator of whether the season was Summer}
#' \item{\code{fall}}{indicator of whether the season was Fall}
#' \item{\code{cloudcover}}{measure of cloud cover (in oktas)}
#' \item{\code{precip}}{measure of precipitation (in inches)}
#' \item{\code{volume}}{estimated number of trail users that day (number of breaks recorded)}
#' \item{\code{weekday}}{logical indicator of whether the day was a non-holiday weekday}
#' \item{\code{dayType}}{one of "weekday" or "weekend"}
#' }
#'
#' @details
#' There is a potential for error when two users trigger the infrared beam at exactly the same time since the counter
#' would only logs one of the crossings. The collectors left the motion detector out during the winter, but because the
#' counter drops data when the temperature falls below 14 degrees Fahrenheit, there is no data for the cold winter months.
#'
#' @source
#' Pioneer Valley Planning Commission
#'
#' @references
#' http://www.fvgreenway.org/pdfs/Northampton-Bikepath-Volume-Counts%20_05_LTA.pdf
#'
#' @examples
#' data(RailTrail)
#'
NA
#' Alcohol Consumption per Capita
#'
#' These data provide per capita alcohol consumption values
#' for many countries in 2005 and 2008. There are also a few
#' countries for which there are data in other years.
#'
#' @docType data
#' @name Alcohol
#' @usage data(Alcohol)
#' @format
#' A data frame with 411 observations on the following variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{country}}{country name}
#' \item{\code{year}}{year}
#' \item{\code{alcohol}}{estimated per capita alcohol consumption for adults (15+)
#' in litres pure alcohol}
#' }
#'
#' @source
#' Gapminder (\url{https://www.gapminder.org/data/})
#'
#'
#' @examples
#' data(Alcohol)
#' # There are only a few observations in years other than 2005 and 2008
#' subset(Alcohol, ! year %in% c(2005,2008))
NA
#' Standard Deck of Cards
#'
#' A character vector with two or three character representations of
#' each card in a standard 52-card deck.
#'
#' @name Cards
#' @aliases card
#' @docType data
#'
#' @usage Cards
#'
#' @details
#' The 2 of clubs is represented as "2C", while the 10 of diamonds is "10D".
#'
#' @examples
#' if (require(mosaic)) {
#' deal(Cards, 13) # bridge hand
#' deal(Cards, 5) # poker hand
#' shuffle(Cards) # shuffled deck
#' }
#'
#' @keywords datasets
NA
#' Countries
#'
#' A data frame containing country names as used by Gapminder and the \code{maps}
#' package to facilitate conversation between the two.
#'
#' @name Countries
#' @aliases Countries
#' @docType data
#'
#' @usage data(Countries)
#' @format
#' A data frame with 258 observations on the following variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{maptools}}{region name http://mappinghacks.com/ data sets}
#' \item{\code{gapminder}}{country name in Gapminder data sets}
#' \item{\code{maps}}{region name in \code{maps} data sets}
#' }
#'
#' @details
#' The "countries" in the \code{maps} data include several other geographic regions (bodies
#' of water, islands belonging to other countries, Hawaii, etc.) that are not countries.
#' Furthermore, the \code{maps} countries do not include many of the countries that
#' have been created since ca. 2000. The mapping is therefore many-to-many, and also
#' includes some NAs when there is no appropriate mapping. Bodies of water in the
#' \code{maps} data, for example, are not assigned a country in the Gapminder.
#'
#' @examples
#' data(Countries)
#' subset(Countries, maps=="Yugoslavia") # Where has Yugoslavia gone?
#' subset(Countries, is.na(gapminder)) # Things from maps with no Gapminder equivalent
#' subset(Countries, is.na(maps)) # Things from Gapminder with no maps equivalent
#' @keywords datasets
NA
#' Data from the 1985 Current Population Survey (CPS85)
#'
#' The Current Population Survey (CPS) is used to supplement census
#' information between census years. These data consist of a random
#' sample of persons from the CPS85, with information on wages and
#' other characteristics of the workers, including sex, number of years
#' of education, years of work experience, occupational status, region of
#' residence and union membership.
#'
#' @docType data
#' @name CPS85
#' @usage data(CPS85)
#' @format
#' A data frame with 534 observations on the following variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{wage}}{wage (US dollars per hour)}
#' \item{\code{educ}}{number of years of education}
#' \item{\code{race}}{a factor with levels \code{NW} (nonwhite) or \code{W} (white)}
#' \item{\code{sex}}{a factor with levels \code{F} \code{M}}
#' \item{\code{hispanic}}{a factor with levels \code{Hisp} \code{NH}}
#' \item{\code{south}}{a factor with levels \code{NS} \code{S}}
#' \item{\code{married}}{a factor with levels \code{Married} \code{Single}}
#' \item{\code{exper}}{number of years of work experience (inferred from \code{age} and
#' \code{educ})}
#' \item{\code{union}}{a factor with levels \code{Not} \code{Union}}
#' \item{\code{age}}{age in years}
#' \item{\code{sector}}{a factor with levels \code{clerical} \code{const}
#' \code{manag} \code{manuf} \code{other} \code{prof} \code{sales} \code{service}}
#' }
#'
#' @details
#' Data are from 1985.
#' The data file is recoded from the original, which had
#' entirely numerical codes.
#'
#' @source
#' Data are from <https://dasl.datadescription.com>
#'
#' @references
#' Berndt, ER. \emph{The Practice of Econometrics} 1991. Addison-Wesley.
#'
#' @examples
#' data(CPS85)
#'
NA
#' Galton's dataset of parent and child heights
#'
#' In the 1880's, Francis Galton was developing ways to quantify the
#' heritability of traits. As part of this work, he collected data on
#' the heights of adult children and their parents.
#'
#' @docType data
#' @keywords datasets
#' @name Galton
#' @usage data(Galton)
#' @format
#' A data frame with 898 observations on the following variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{family}}{a factor with levels for each family}
#' \item{\code{father}}{the father's height (in inches)}
#' \item{\code{mother}}{the mother's height (in inches)}
#' \item{\code{sex}}{the child's sex: \code{F} or \code{M}}
#' \item{\code{height}}{the child's height as an adult (in inches)}
#' \item{\code{nkids}}{the number of adult children in the family, or, at least,
#' the number whose heights Galton recorded.}
#' }
#'
#' @details
#' Entries were deleted for
#' those children whose heights were not recorded numerically by Galton,
#' who sometimes used entries such as "tall", "short", "idiotic",
#' "deformed" and so on.
#'
#' @source
#' The data were transcribed by J.A. Hanley who has published them at
#' \url{http://www.medicine.mcgill.ca/epidemiology/hanley/galton/}
#'
#' @references
#' "Transmuting" women into men: Galton's family data on human stature. (2004)
#' \emph{The American Statistician}, 58(3):237-243.
#'
#' @examples
#' data(Galton)
#'
#' @keywords datasets
#'
#'
NA
#' Data from a heat exchanger laboratory
#'
#' These data were collected by engineering students at Calvin College.
#' The apparatus consists of concentric pipes insulated from the environment so that
#' as nearly as can be managed the only heat exchange is between the hot and cold water.
#'
#' @docType data
#' @keywords datasets
#' @name HeatX
#' @usage data(HeatX)
#' @format
#' A data frame with 6 observations on the following variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{trial}}{trial number}
#' \item{\code{T.cold.in}}{temperature (C) of the cold water as it enters the apparatus}
#' \item{\code{T.cold.out}}{temperature (C) of the cold water as it leaves the apparatus}
#' \item{\code{m.cold}}{flow rate (L/min) of the cold water}
#' \item{\code{T.hot.in}}{temperature (C) of the hot water as it enters the apparatus}
#' \item{\code{T.hot.out}}{temperature (C) of the hot water as it leaves the apparatus}
#' \item{\code{m.hot}}{flow rate (L/min) of the hot water}
#' }
#' @examples
#' # We can test for heat exchange with the environment by checking to see if the
#' # heat gained by the cold water matches the heat lost by the hot water.
#' C_p <- 4.182 / 60 # / 60 because measuring m in L/min
#' HeatX2 <-
#' dplyr::mutate(HeatX,
#' Q.cold = m.cold * C_p * (T.cold.out - T.cold.in),
#' Q.hot = m.hot * C_p * (T.hot.out- T.hot.in),
#' Q.env = Q.cold + Q.hot
#' )
#' if (require(ggformula)) {
#' gf_jitter( "" ~ Q.env, data = HeatX2, alpha = 0.6, size = 4,
#' width = 0, height = 0.1, seed = 123) |>
#' gf_labs(y = "")
#' }
#' if (require(mosaic)) {
#' t.test( ~Q.env, data = HeatX2 )
#' }
NA
#' Data from the Child Health and Development Studies
#'
#' Birth weight, date, and gestational period collected as part of the Child
#' Health and Development Studies in 1961 and 1962. Information about the baby's
#' parents --- age, education, height, weight, and whether the mother smoked is
#' also recorded.
#'
#' @name Gestation
#' @usage data(Gestation)
#' @docType data
#'
#' @format
#' A data frame with 1236 observations on the following variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{id}}{identification number}
#' \item{\code{plurality}}{all "single fetus" in this data set}
#' \item{\code{outcome}}{all "live birth" (survived at least 28 days) in this data set}
#' \item{\code{date}}{birth date where 1096=January 1, 1961}
#' \item{\code{gestation}}{length of gestation (in days)}
#' \item{\code{wt}}{birth weight (in ounces)}
#' \item{\code{parity}}{total number of previous pregnancies (including fetal deaths
#' and still births)}
#' \item{\code{sex}}{"male"}
#' \item{\code{race}}{mother's race: "asian", "black", "mex", "mixed", or "white"}
#' \item{\code{age}}{mother's age in years at termination of pregnancy}
#' \item{\code{ed}}{mother's education}
#' \item{\code{ht}}{mother's height in inches to the last completed inch}
#' \item{\code{wt.1}}{mother's prepregnancy weight (in pounds)}
#' \item{\code{drace}}{father's race}
#' \item{\code{dage}}{father's age (in years)}
#' \item{\code{ded}}{father's education}
#' \item{\code{dht}}{father's height in inches to the last completed inch}
#' \item{\code{dwt}}{father's weight (in pounds)}
#' \item{\code{marital}}{marital status},
#' \item{\code{inc}}{family yearly income in $2500 increments}
#' \item{\code{smoke}}{does mother smoke? (never, smokes now,
#' until current pregnancy, once did, not now)}
#' \item{\code{time}}{time since quitting smoking
#' (never smoked, still smokes, during current preg, within 1 year,
#' 1 to 2 years ago, 2 to 3 years ago, 3 to 4 years ago,
#' 5 to 9 years ago, 10+ years ago, quit and don't know}
#' \item{\code{number}}{number of cigarettes smoked per day for past and
#' current smokers (never, 1-4, 5-9, 10-14, 15-19, 20-29, 30-39, 40-60, 60+,
#' smoke but don't know)}
#' }
#'
#' @details
#' The data were presented by Nolan and Speed to address the question of whether there is a link between maternal smoking and the baby's health for male births.
#'
#' @source
#' The book by Nolan and Speed
#' describes the data in more detail
#' and provides an Internet site for accessing them:
#' \url{https://www.stat.berkeley.edu/users/statlabs/}
#'
#'
#' @references
#' D Nolan and T Speed. \emph{Stat Labs: Mathematical
#' Statistics Through Applications} (2000), Springer-Verlag.
#'
#' @examples
#' data(Gestation)
#'
#' @keywords datasets
NA
#' Health Evaluation and Linkage to Primary Care
#'
#' The HELP study was a clinical trial for adult inpatients recruited from a
#' detoxification unit. Patients with no primary care physician were randomized
#' to receive a multidisciplinary assessment and a brief motivational intervention
#' or usual care, with the goal of linking them to primary medical care.
#'
#' @keywords datasets
#' @name HELPfull
#' @usage data(HELPfull)
#' @docType data
#' @format
#' A data frame with 1472 observations on the following variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{ID}}{Subject ID}
#' \item{\code{A10}}{Marital Status (1=Married, 2=Remarried, 3=Widowed, 4= Separated, 5=Divorced, 6=Never Married}
#' \item{\code{A11A}}{Do you currently have a living mother? (0=No, 1= Yes}
#' \item{\code{A11B}}{Do you currently have a living father? (0=No, 1=Yes}
#' \item{\code{A11C}}{Do you currently have siblings? (0=No, 1=Yes}
#' \item{\code{A11D}}{Do you currently have a partner (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{A11E}}{Do you currently have children? (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{A12B_REC}}{Hollingshead category (recode) (0=Cat 1,2,3, 1=Cat 4,5,6, 2=Cat 7,8,9)}
#' \item{\code{A12B}}{Hollingshead categories (1=Major profess, 2=Lesser professional, 3=Minor professional, 4=Clerical/sales, 5=Skilled manual, 6=Semi-skilled, 7=Unskilled, 8= Homemaker, 9=No occupation)}
#' \item{\code{A13}}{Usual employment pattern in last 6 months (1=Full time, 2=Part time, 3=Student, 4=Unemployed, 5=Control envir)}
#' \item{\code{A14A}}{Lived alone-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{A14B}}{Lived with a partner-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes}
#' \item{\code{A14C}}{Lived with parent(s)-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{A14D}}{Lived with children-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{A14E}}{Lived with other family-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes}
#' \item{\code{A14F}}{Lived with friend(s)-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{A14G_T}}{a factor with levels \code{} \code{1/2 WAY HOUSE} \code{3/4 HOUSE} \code{ANCHOR INN} \code{ARMY} \code{ASSOCIATES} \code{BOARDERS} \code{BOYFRIENDS MOM} \code{CORRECTIONAL FACILIT} \code{CRACK HOUSE} \code{DEALER} \code{ENTRE FAMILIA} \code{FENWOOD} \code{GAVIN HSE} \code{GIRLFRIENDS DAUGHTE} \code{GIRLFRIENDS SON} \code{GIRLFRIENDS CHILDREN} \code{GIRLFRIENDS DAUGHTER} \code{GROUP HOME} \code{HALF-WAY HOUSE} \code{HALFWAY HOUSE} \code{HALFWAY HOUSES} \code{HALFWAY HSE} \code{HOLDING UNIT} \code{HOME BORDER} \code{HOMELESS} \code{HOMELESS SHELTER} \code{IN JAIL} \code{IN PROGRAMS} \code{INCARCERATED} \code{JAIL} \code{JAIL HALFWAY HOUSE} \code{JAIL, SHELTER} \code{JAIL, STREET} \code{JAIL/PROGRAM} \code{JAIL/SHELTER} \code{JAILS} \code{LANDLADY} \code{LANDLORD} \code{LODGING HOUSE} \code{MERIDIAN HOUSE} \code{NURSING HOME} \code{ON THE STREET} \code{PARTNERS MOTHER} \code{PARTNERS CHILD} \code{PARTNERS CHILDREN} \code{PRDGRAMS} \code{PRISON} \code{PROGRAM} \code{PROGRAM MTHP} \code{PROGRAM ROOMMATES} \code{PROGRAM SOBER HOUSE} \code{PROGRAM-RESIDENTIAL} \code{PROGRAM/HALFWAY HOUS} \code{PROGRAM/JAIL} \code{PROGRAM/SHELTER} \code{PROGRAM/SHELTERS} \code{PROGRAMS} \code{PROGRAMS SUBSTANCE} \code{PROGRAMS/SHELTER} \code{PROGRAMS/SHELTERS} \code{PROGRAMS/SHELTERS/DE} \code{PROJECT SOAR} \code{RESIDENTIAL FACILITY} \code{RESIDENTIAL PROGRAM} \code{ROOMING HOUSE} \code{ROOMING HOUSE (RELIG} \code{ROOMMATE} \code{ROOMMATES} \code{ROOMMATES AT TRANSIT} \code{RYAN HOUSE} \code{SALVATION ARMY} \code{SHELTER} \code{SHELTER/HALFWAY HSE} \code{SHELTER/HOTEL} \code{SHELTER/PROGRAM} \code{SHELTERS} \code{SHELTERS/HOSPITALS} \code{SHELTERS/JAIL} \code{SHELTERS/PROGRAMS} \code{SHELTERS/STREETS} \code{SOBER HOUSE} \code{SOBER HOUSING} \code{SOUTH BAY JAIL} \code{STEPSON} \code{STREET} \code{STREETS} \code{SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREA} \code{TRANSITIONAL HOUSE} \code{VA SHELTER}}
#' \item{\code{A14G}}{Lived w/ other-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{A15A}}{#nights in overnight shelter-last 6 months}
#' \item{\code{A15B}}{# nights on street-last 6 months}
#' \item{\code{A15C}}{# months in jail-last 6 months}
#' \item{\code{A16A}}{# months in overnight shelter-last 5 years}
#' \item{\code{A16B}}{# moths on street-last 5 years}
#' \item{\code{A16C}}{# months in jail-last 5 years}
#' \item{\code{A17A}}{Received SSI -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{A17B}}{Received SSDI -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{A17C}}{Received AFDC -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{A17D}}{Received EAEDC -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{A17E}}{Received WIC -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{A17F}}{Received unemployment benefits -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{A17G}}{Received Workman's Compensation -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{A17H}}{Received Child Support -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{A17I_T}}{a factor with levels \code{} \code{DISABLED VETERAN} \code{EBT (FOOD STAMPS)} \code{EMERGENCY FOOD STAMP} \code{FOOD STAMP} \code{FOOD STAMPS} \code{FOOD STAMPS/VETERAN} \code{FOOD STAMPS/VETERANS} \code{INSURANCE SETTLEMENT} \code{PENSION CHECK} \code{SECTION 8} \code{SERVICE CONNECTED DI} \code{SOCIAL SECURITY} \code{SSDI FOR SON} \code{SURVIVORS BENEFITS} \code{TEMPORARY DISABILITY} \code{VA BENEFITS-DISABILI} \code{VA COMPENSATION} \code{VA DISABILITY PENSIO} \code{VETERAN BENEFITS} \code{VETERANS SERVICES} \code{VETERANS AFFAIRS}}
#' \item{\code{A17I}}{Received other income -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{A18_REC1}}{Most money made in 1 year (recode) (0=$19,000 or less, 1=$20,000-$49,000, 2=$50,000 or more)}
#' \item{\code{A18_REC2}}{Most money made-continuous recode}
#' \item{\code{A18}}{Most money made in any 1 year-last 5 years (1=<5000, 2=5000-10000, 3=11000-19000, 4=20000-29000, 5=30000-39000, 6=40000-49000, 7=50000+}
#' \item{\code{A1}}{Gender (1=Male, 2=Female)}
#' \item{\code{A9}}{Years of education completed}
#' \item{\code{ABUSE2}}{Type of abuse (0=No abuse, 1=Physical only, 2=Sexual only, 3=Physical and sexual)}
#' \item{\code{ABUSE3}}{Type of abuse (0=No abuse, 1=Physical only, 2=Sexual +/- physical (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{ABUSE}}{Abuse-physical or sexual (0=No abuse, 1=Family abuse, 2=Stranger only abuse)}
#' \item{\code{AGE}}{Age in years}
#' \item{\code{ALCOHOL}}{1st/2nd drug of coice=Alcohol (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{ALCQ_30}}{Total number drinks past 30 days}
#' \item{\code{ALONE6M}}{Usually lived alone past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{ALT_TRT}}{Alternative tratments (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{ANYSUBSTATUS}}{Used alcohol, heroin, or cocaine since leaving detox-6 months}
#' \item{\code{ANY_INS}}{Did you have health insurance in past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{ANY_UTIL}}{Any recent health utilization (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{ANY_VIS_CUMUL}}{Cumulative # visits to regular doctor's office}
#' \item{\code{ANY_VIS}}{# visits to regular doctor's office--This time point}
#' \item{\code{B10}}{Any physcal/emotional problem interfere with social activities-last 4 weeks (1=All of the time, 2=Most of the time, 3=Some of the time, 4= A lttle of time, 5= None of the time)}
#' \item{\code{B11A}}{I seem to get sick easier than other people (1=Definitely true, 2=Mostly True, 3=Don't know, 4=Mostly false, 5=Definitely false)}
#' \item{\code{B11B}}{I am as healthy as anybody I know (1=Definitely true, 2=Mostly true, 3=Don't know, 4=Mostly false, 5=Definitely False)}
#' \item{\code{B11C}}{I expect my health to get worse (1=Definitely true, 2=Mostly true, 3=Don't know, 3=Mostly false, 5=Definitely false)}
#' \item{\code{B11D}}{My health is excellent (1=Definitely true, 2=Mostly true, 3=Don't know, 4=Mostly false, 5=Definitely false)}
#' \item{\code{B1}}{In general, how is your health (1=Excellent, 2=Very Good, 3=Good, 4=Fair, 5=Poor)}
#' \item{\code{B2}}{Compared to 1 year ago, how is your health now (1=Much better, 2=Somewhat better, 3=About the same, 4=Somewhat worse, 5=Much worse)}
#' \item{\code{B3A}}{Does health limit you in vigorous activity (1=Limited a lot, 2=Limited a little, 3=Not limited)}
#' \item{\code{B3B}}{Does your health limit you in moderate activity (1=Limited a lot, 2=Limited a little, 3=Not limited)}
#' \item{\code{B3C}}{Does health limit you in lift/carry groceries (1=Limited a lot, 2=Limited a little, 3=Not limited)}
#' \item{\code{B3D}}{Does health limit you in climb several stair flights (1=Limited a lot, 2=Limited a little, 3=Not limited)}
#' \item{\code{B3E}}{Does health limit you in climb 1 stair flight (1=Limited a lot, 2=Limited a little, 3=Not limited)}
#' \item{\code{B3F}}{Does health limit you in bend/kneel/stoop (1=Limited a lot, 2=Limited a little, 3=Not limited)}
#' \item{\code{B3G}}{Does health limit you in walking >1 mile (1=Limited a lot, 2=Limited a little, 3=Not limited)}
#' \item{\code{B3H}}{Does health limit you in walking sevral blocks (1=Limited a lot, 2=Limited a little, 3=Not limited)}
#' \item{\code{B3I}}{Does health limit you in walking 1 block (1=Limited a lot, 2=Limited a little, 3=Not limited)}
#' \item{\code{B3J}}{Does health limit you in bathing/dressing self (1=Limited a lot, 2=Limited a little, 3=Not limited)}
#' \item{\code{B4A}}{Cut down work/activity due to physical health-last 4 weeks (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{B4B}}{Accomplish less due to phys health-last 4 weeks (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{B4C}}{Lim wrk/act type due to phys health-last 4 weeks (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{B4D}}{Diff perf work due to phys health-last 4 weeks (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{B5A}}{Cut wrk/act time due to emot prbs-last 4 weeks (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{B5B}}{Accomplish ess due to emot probs-last 4 weeks (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{B5C}}{<carefl w/wrk/act due to em prb-last 4 weeks (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{B6}}{Ext phys/em intf w/norm soc act-last 4 weeks (1=Not al all, 2=Slightly, 3=Moderately, 4=Quite a bit, 5=Extremely)}
#' \item{\code{B7}}{Amount of bodily pain -- past 4 weeks (1=None, 2=Very mild, 3= Mild, 4=Moderate, 5= Severe, 6= Very severe)}
#' \item{\code{B8}}{Amount of pain interfering with normal work-last 4 weeks (1=Not at all, 2=A little bit, 3=Moderately, 4=Quite a bit, 5=Extremely}
#' \item{\code{B9A}}{Did you feel full of pep -- past 4 weeks (1=All of the time, 2=Most of the time, 3 = Good bit of the time, 4=Some of the time, 5=A little of time, 6=None of the time)}
#' \item{\code{B9B}}{Have you been nervous -- past 4 weeks (1=All of the time, 2=Most of the time, 3 = Good bit of the time, 4=Some of the time, 5=A little of time, 6=None of the time)}
#' \item{\code{B9C}}{Felt nothing could cheer you-last 4 weeks (1=All of the time, 2=Most of the time, 3 = Good bit of the time, 4=Some of the time, 5=A little of time, 6=None of the time)}
#' \item{\code{B9D}}{Have you felt calm/peaceful -- past 4 weeks (1=All of the time, 2=Most of the time, 3 = Good bit of the time, 4=Some of the time, 5=A little of time, 6=None of the time)}
#' \item{\code{B9E}}{Did you have a lot of energy -- past 4 weeks (1=All of the time, 2=Most of the time, 3 = Good bit of the time, 4=Some of the time, 5=A little of time, 6=None of the time)}
#' \item{\code{B9F}}{Did you feel downhearted -- past 4 weeks (1=All of the time, 2=Most of the time, 3 = Good bit of the time, 4=Some of the time, 5=A little of time, 6=None of the time)}
#' \item{\code{B9G}}{Did you feel worn out -- past 4 weeks (1=All of the time, 2=Most of the time, 3 = Good bit of the time, 4=Some of the time, 5=A little of time, 6=None of the time)}
#' \item{\code{B9H}}{Have you been a happy pers -- past 4 weeks (1=All of the time, 2=Most of the time, 3 = Good bit of the time, 4=Some of the time, 5=A little of time, 6=None of the time)}
#' \item{\code{B9I}}{Did you feel tired -- past 4 weeks (1=All of the time, 2=Most of the time, 3 = Good bit of the time, 4=Some of the time, 5=A little of time, 6=None of the time)}
#' \item{\code{BIRTHPLC}}{Where born (recode) (0=USA, 1=Foreign)}
#' \item{\code{BP}}{SF-36 pain index (0-100)}
#' \item{\code{C1A}}{Tolf by MD had seix, epil, convuls (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C1B}}{Told by MD had asthma, emphysema, chr lung dis (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C1C}}{Told by MD had MI (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C1D}}{Told by MD had CHF (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C1E}}{Told by MD had other heart dis (req med) (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C1F}}{Told by MD had HBP (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C1G}}{Told by MD had chronic liver disease (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C1H}}{Told by MD had kidney failure (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C1I}}{Told by MD had chronic art, osteoarth (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C1J}}{Told by MD had peripheral neuropathy (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C1K}}{Ever told by MD had cancer (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C1L}}{Ever told by MD had diabetes (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C1M}}{Ever told by MD had stroke (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2A1}}{Have you ever had skin infections (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2A2}}{Have you had skin infections -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2B1}}{Have you ever had pneumonia (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2B2}}{Have you had pneumonia -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2C1}}{Have you ever had septic arthritis (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2C2}}{Have you had septic arthritis -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2D1}}{Have you ever had TB (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2D2}}{Have you had TB-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2E1}}{Have you ever had endocarditis (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2E2}}{Have you had endocarditis -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2F1}}{Have you ever had an ulcer (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2F2}}{Have you had an ulcer -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2G1}}{Have you ever had pancreatitis (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2G2}}{Have you had pancreatitis -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2H1}}{Ever had abdom pain req overnt hosp stay (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2H2}}{Abdom pain req ovrnt hosp stay-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2I1}}{Have you ever vomited blood (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2I2}}{Have you vomited blood -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2J1}}{Have you ever had hepatitis (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2J2}}{Have you had hepatitis -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2K1}}{Ever had blood clots in legs/lungs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2K2}}{Blood clots in legs/lungs -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2L1}}{Have you ever had osteomyelitis (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2L2}}{Have you had osteomyelitis -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2M1}}{Chest pain using cocaine req ER/hosp (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2M2}}{Chest pain using coc req ER/hosp-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2N1}}{Have you ever had jaundice (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2N2}}{Have you had jaundice -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2O1}}{Lower back pain > 3 months req med attn (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2O2}}{Lwr back pain >3 months req med attention-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2P1}}{Ever had seizures or convulsions (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2P2}}{Had seizures or convulsions -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2Q1}}{Ever had drug/alcohol overdose requiring ER attention (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2Q2}}{Drug/alcohol overdose req ER attn (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2R1}}{Have you ever had a gunshot wound (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2R2}}{Had a gunshot wound -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2S1}}{Have you ever had a stab wound (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2S2}}{Have you had a stab wound -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2T1}}{Ever had accident/falls req med attn (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2T2}}{Had accident/falls req med attn -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2U1}}{Ever had fract/disloc to bones/joints (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2U2}}{Fract/disloc to bones/joints -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2V1}}{Ever had injury from traffic accident (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2V2}}{Had injury from traffic accident -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2W1}}{Have you ever had a head injury (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C2W2}}{Have you had a head injury -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C3A1}}{Have you ever had syphilis (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C3A2}}{# times had syphilis}
#' \item{\code{C3A3}}{Have you had syphilis in last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C3B1}}{Have you ever had gonorrhea (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C3B2}}{# times had gonorrhea}
#' \item{\code{C3B3}}{Have you had gonorrhea in last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C3C1}}{Have you ever had chlamydia (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C3C2}}{# of times had Chlamydia}
#' \item{\code{C3C3}}{Have you had chlamydia in last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C3D}}{Have you ever had genital warts (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C3E}}{Have you ever had genital herpes (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C3F1}}{Have you ever had other STD's (not HIV) (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C3F2}}{# of times had other STD's (not HIV)}
#' \item{\code{C3F3}}{Had other STD's (not HIV)-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C3F_T}}{a factor with levels \code{} \code{7} \code{CRABS} \code{CRABS - TRICHONOMIS} \code{CRABS, HEP B} \code{DOESNT KNOW NAME} \code{HAS HAD ALL 3 ABC} \code{HEP B} \code{HEP B, TRICAMONAS} \code{HEP. B} \code{HEPATITIS B} \code{HEPATITS B} \code{TRICHAMONAS VAGINALA} \code{TRICHAMONIS} \code{TRICHOMONAS} \code{TRICHOMONIASIS} \code{TRICHOMONIS} \code{TRICHOMONIS VAGINITI} \code{TRICHOMORAS} \code{TRICHONOMIS}}
#' \item{\code{C3G1}}{Have you ever been tested for HIV/AIDS (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C3G2}}{# times tested for HIV/AIDS}
#' \item{\code{C3G3}}{Have you been tested for HIV/AIDS-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C3G4}}{What was the result of last test (1=Positive, 2=Negative, 3=Refused, 4=Never got result, 5=Inconclusive}
#' \item{\code{C3H1}}{Have you ever had PID (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C3H2}}{# of times had PID}
#' \item{\code{C3H3}}{Have you had PID in last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C3I}}{Have you ever had a Pap smear (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C3J}}{Have you had a Pap smear in last 3 years (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C3K_M}}{How many months pregnant}
#' \item{\code{C3K}}{Are you pregnant (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{CESD_CUT}}{CES-D score > 21 y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{CES_D}}{CES-D score, measure of depressive symptoms, high scores are worse}
#' \item{\code{CHR_6M}}{Chronic medical conds/HIV -- past 6m y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{CHR_EVER}}{Chronic medical conds/HIV-ever y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{CHR_SUM}}{Sum chronic medical conds/HIV ever}
#' \item{\code{CNTRL}}{InDUC-2L-Control score}
#' \item{\code{COC_HER}}{1st/2nd drug of choice=cocaine or heroine (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{CUAD_C}}{CUAD-Cocaine}
#' \item{\code{CUAD_H}}{CUAD-Heroin}
#' \item{\code{CURPHYAB}}{Current abuse-physical (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{CURPHYSEXAB}}{Curent abuse-physical or sexual (0=No abuse, 1=Physical only, 2=Sexual +/- physical)}
#' \item{\code{CURSEXAB}}{Current abuse-sexual (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{C_AU}}{ASI-Composite score for alcohol use}
#' \item{\code{C_DU}}{ASI-Composite score for drug use}
#' \item{\code{C_MS}}{ASI-Composite medical status}
#' \item{\code{D1}}{$ of times hospitalized for med probs}
#' \item{\code{D2}}{Take prescription medicdation regularly for physical problem (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{D3_REC}}{Any medical problems past 30d y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{D3}}{# days had med probs-30 days bef detox}
#' \item{\code{D4_REC}}{Bothered by medical problems y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{D4}}{How bother by med prob-30days bef detox (0=Not at all, 1=Slightly, 2=Moderately, 3=Considerably, 4=Extremely)}
#' \item{\code{D5_REC}}{Medical trtmt is important y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{D5}}{How import is trtmnt for these med probs (0=Not at all, 1=Slightly, 2= Moderately, 3= Considerably, 4= Extremely}
#' \item{\code{DAYSANYSUB}}{time (days) from baseline to first alcohol, heroin, or cocaine since leaving detox-6m}
#' \item{\code{DAYSDRINK}}{Time (days) from baseline to first drink since leaving detox-6m}
#' \item{\code{DAYSLINK}}{Time (days) to linkage to primary care within 12 months (by administrative record)}
#' \item{\code{DAYS_SINCE_BL}}{# of days from baseline to current interview}
#' \item{\code{DAYS_SINCE_PREV}}{# of days from previous to current interview}
#' \item{\code{DEAD}}{a numeric vector}
#' \item{\code{DEC_AM}}{SOCRATES-Ambivalence-Decile}
#' \item{\code{DEC_RE}}{SOCRATES-Recognition-Decile}
#' \item{\code{DEC_TS}}{SOCRATES-Taking steps-Decile}
#' \item{\code{DRINKSTATUS}}{Drank alcohol since leaving detox-6m}
#' \item{\code{DRUGRISK}}{RAB-Drug risk total}
#' \item{\code{E10A}}{have you been to med clinic-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E10B1_R}}{Mental health treatment past 6m y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E10B1}}{# x visit ment health clin/prof-last 6 months}
#' \item{\code{E10B2_R}}{Med clinic/private MD past 6m y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E10B2}}{# x visited med clin/priv MD-last 6 months}
#' \item{\code{E10C19}}{Visited private MD-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E11A}}{Did you stay ovrnite/+ in hosp-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E11B}}{# times ovrnight/+ in hosp-last 6 months }
#' \item{\code{E11C}}{Total # nights in hosp-last 6 months}
#' \item{\code{E12A}}{Visited Hosp ER for med care -- past 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E12B}}{# times visited hosp ER-last 6 months}
#' \item{\code{E13}}{Tlt # visits to MDs-last 2 weeks bef detox}
#' \item{\code{E14A}}{Recd trtmt from acupuncturist-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E14B}}{Recd trtmt from chiropractor-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E14C}}{Trtd by hol/herb/hom med prac-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E14D}}{Recd trtmt from spirit healer-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E14E}}{Have you had biofeedback-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E14F}}{Have you underwent hypnosis-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E14G}}{Received other treatment-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E15A}}{Tried to get subst ab services-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E15B}}{Always able to get subst ab servies (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E15C10}}{My insurance didn't cover services (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E15C11}}{There were no beds available at the prog (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E15C12}}{Other reason not get sub ab services (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E15C1}}{I could not pay for services (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E15C2}}{I did not know where to go for help (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E15C3}}{Couldn't get to services due to transp prob (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E15C4}}{The offie/clinic hrs were inconvenient (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E15C5}}{Didn't speak/understnd Englsh well enough (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E15C6}}{Afraid other might find out about prob (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E15C7}}{My substance abuse interfered (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E15C8}}{Didn't have someone to watch my children (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E15C9}}{I did not want to lose my job (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E16A10}}{I do not want to lose my job (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E16A11}}{My insurance doesn't cover charges (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E16A12}}{I do not feel I need a regular MD (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E16A13}}{Other reasons don't have regular MD (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E16A1}}{I cannot pay for services (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E16A2}}{I am not eligible for free care (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E16A3}}{I do not know where to go (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E16A4}}{Can't get to services due to trans prob (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E16A5}}{a numeric vectorOffice/clinic hours are inconvenient (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E16A6}}{I don't speak/understnd enough English (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E16A7}}{Afraid othrs find out about my health prob (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E16A8}}{My substance abuse interferes (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E16A9}}{I don't have someone to watch my children (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E16A_DD}}{Barrier to regular MD: dislike docs/system (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E16A_IB}}{Barrier to regular MD: internal barriers (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E16A_RT}}{Barrier to regular MD: red tape (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E16A_TM}}{Barrier to regular MD: time restrictions (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E18A}}{I could not pay for services (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E18B}}{I did not know where to go for help (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E18C}}{Couldn't get to services due to transp prob (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E18D}}{The office/clinic hrs were inconvenient (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E18F}}{Afraid others might find out about prob (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E18G}}{My substance abuse interfered (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E18H}}{Didn't have someone to watch my children (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E18I}}{I did not want to lose my job (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E18J}}{My insurance didn't cover services (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E18K}}{There were no beds available at the prog (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E18L}}{I do not need substance abuse services (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E18M}}{Other reason not get sub ab services (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E2A}}{Detox prog for alcohol or drug prob-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E2B}}{# times entered a detox prog-last 6 months}
#' \item{\code{E2C}}{# nights ovrnight in detox prg-last 6 months}
#' \item{\code{E3A}}{Holding unit for drug/alcohol prob-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E3B}}{# times in holding unity=last 6 months}
#' \item{\code{E3C}}{# total nights in holding unit-last 6 months}
#' \item{\code{E4A}}{In halfway hse/resid facil-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E4B}}{# times in hlfwy hse/res facil-last 6 months}
#' \item{\code{E4C}}{Ttl nites in hlfwy hse/res fac-last 6 months}
#' \item{\code{E5A}}{In day trtmt prg for alcohol/drug-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E5B}}{Total # days in day trtmt prg-last 6 months}
#' \item{\code{E6}}{In methadone maintenance prg-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E7A}}{Visit outpt prg subst ab couns-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E7B}}{# visits outpt prg subst ab couns-last 6 months}
#' \item{\code{E8A1}}{Saw MD/H care worker regarding alcohol/drugs-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E8A2}}{Saw Prst/Min/Rabbi re alcohol/drugs-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E8A3}}{Employ Asst Prg for alcohol/drug prb-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E8A4}}{Oth source cnsl for alcohol/drug prb-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E9A}}{AA/NA/slf-hlp for drug/alcohol/emot-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{E9B}}{How often attend AA/NA/slf-hlp-last 6 months (1=Daily, 2=2-3 Times/week, 3=Weekly, 4=Every 2 weeks, 5=Once/month}
#' \item{\code{EPI_6M2B}}{Episodic(C2A-C2O)-6m y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{EPI_6M}}{Episodic (C2A-C2O,C2R-C2U, STD)-6m y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{EPI_SUM}}{Sum episodic (C2A-C2O, C2R-C2U, STD)-6m}
#' \item{\code{F1A}}{Bothered by thngs not generally bothered by (0=Rarely/never, 1=Some of the time, 2=Occas/moderately, 3=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{F1B}}{My appetite was poor (0=Rarely/never, 1=Some of the time, 2=Occas/moderately, 3=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{F1C}}{Couldn't shake blues evn w/fam+frnds hlp (0=Rarely/never, 1=Some of the time, 2=Occas/moderately, 3=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{F1D}}{Felt I was just as good as other people (0=Rarely/never, 1=Some of the time, 2=Occas/moderately, 3=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{F1E}}{Had trouble keeping mind on what doing (0=Rarely/never, 1=Some of the time, 2=Occas/moderately, 3=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{F1F}}{I felt depressed (0=Rarely/never, 1=Some of the time, 2=Occas/moderately, 3=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{F1G}}{I felt everything I did was an effort (0=Rarely/never, 1=Some of the time, 2=Occas/moderately, 3=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{F1H}}{I felt hopeful about the future (0=Rarely/never, 1=Some of the time, 2=Occas/moderately, 3=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{F1I}}{I thought my life had been a failure (0=Rarely/never, 1=Some of the time, 2=Occas/moderately, 3=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{F1J}}{I felt fearful (0=Rarely/never, 1=Some of the time, 2=Occas/moderately, 3=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{F1K}}{My sleep was restless (0=Rarely/never, 1=Some of the time, 2=Occas/moderately, 3=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{F1L}}{I was happy (0=Rarely/never, 1=Some of the time, 2=Occas/moderately, 3=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{F1M}}{I talked less than usual (0=Rarely/never, 1=Some of the time, 2=Occas/moderately, 3=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{F1N}}{I felt lonely (0=Rarely/never, 1=Some of the time, 2=Occas/moderately, 3=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{F1O}}{People were unfriendly (0=Rarely/never, 1=Some of the time, 2=Occas/moderately, 3=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{F1P}}{I enjoyed life (0=Rarely/never, 1=Some of the time, 2=Occas/moderately, 3=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{F1Q}}{I had crying spells (0=Rarely/never, 1=Some of the time, 2=Occas/moderately, 3=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{F1R}}{I felt sad (0=Rarely/never, 1=Some of the time, 2=Occas/moderately, 3=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{F1S}}{I felt that people dislike me (0=Rarely/never, 1=Some of the time, 2=Occas/moderately, 3=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{F1T}}{I could not get going (0=Rarely/never, 1=Some of the time, 2=Occas/moderately, 3=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{FAMABUSE}}{Family abuse-physical or sexual (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{FRML_SAT}}{Formal substance abuse treatment y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{G1A_30}}{Diff contr viol beh-sig per last 30 days (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{G1A}}{Diff contr viol beh for sig time per evr (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{G1B_30}}{Had thoughts of suicide-last 30 days (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{G1B_REC}}{Suicidal thoughts past 30 days y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{G1B}}{Ever had thoughts of suicide (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{G1C_30}}{Attempted suicide-last 30 days (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{G1C}}{Attempted suicide ever (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{G1D_30}}{Prescr med for psy/emot prob-last 30 days (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{G1D_REC}}{Prescribed psych meds past 30 days y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{G1D}}{Prescr med for pst/emot prob ever (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{GH}}{SF-36 general health perceptions (0-100)}
#' \item{\code{GOV_SUPP}}{Received government support past 6 m (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{GROUP}}{Randomization Group (0=Control, 1=Clinic)}
#' \item{\code{H10_30}}{# days in last 30 bef detox used cannabis}
#' \item{\code{H10_LT}}{# years regularly used cannabis}
#' \item{\code{H10_PRB}}{Problem sub: marijuana, cannabis (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{H10_RT}}{Route of admin of cannabis (0=N/A. 1=Oral, 2=Nasal, 3=Smoking, 4=Non-IV injection, 5=IV)}
#' \item{\code{H11_30}}{# days in last 30 bef detox used halluc}
#' \item{\code{H11_LT}}{# years regularly used hallucinogens}
#' \item{\code{H11_PRB}}{Problem sub: hallucinogens (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{H11_RT}}{Route of admin of hallucinogens (0=N/A. 1=Oral, 2=Nasal, 3=Smoking, 4=Non-IV injection, 5=IV)}
#' \item{\code{H12_30}}{# days in last 30 bef detox used inhalant}
#' \item{\code{H12_LT}}{# years regularly used inhalants}
#' \item{\code{H12_PRB}}{Problem sub: inhalants (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{H12_RT}}{Route of admin of inhalants (0=N/A. 1=Oral, 2=Nasal, 3=Smoking, 4=Non-IV injection, 5=IV)}
#' \item{\code{H13_30}}{# days used >1 sub/day-last 30 bef detox}
#' \item{\code{H13_LT}}{# years regularly used >1 subst/day}
#' \item{\code{H13_RT}}{Route of admin of >1 subst/day (0=N/A. 1=Oral, 2=Nasal, 3=Smoking, 4=Non-IV injection, 5=IV)}
#' \item{\code{H14}}{According to interviewer, which substance is main problem (0=No problem, 1=Alcohol, 2=Alcohol to intox, 3=Heroin 4=Methadone, 5=Other opiate/analg, 6=Barbituates, 7=Sed/hyp/tranq, 8=Cocaine, 9=Amphetamines, 10=Marij/cannabis, 15=Alcohol and one or more drug, 16=More than one drug}
#' \item{\code{H15A}}{# times had alcohol DTs}
#' \item{\code{H15B}}{# times overdosed on drugs}
#' \item{\code{H16A}}{$ spent on alcohol-last 30 days bef detox}
#' \item{\code{H16B}}{$ spent on drugs-last 30 days bef detox}
#' \item{\code{H17A}}{# days had alcohol prob-last 30 days bef det}
#' \item{\code{H17B}}{# days had drug prob-last 30 days bef det}
#' \item{\code{H18A}}{How troubled by alcohol probs-last 30 days (0=Not at all, 1=Slightly, 2=Moderately, 3=Considerably, 4=Extremely)}
#' \item{\code{H18B}}{How troubled by drug probs-last 30 days (0=Not at all, 1=Slightly, 2=Moderately, 3=Considerably, 4=Extremely)}
#' \item{\code{H19A}}{How import is treatment for alcohol problems now (0=Not at all, 1=Slightly, 2=Moderately, 3=Considerably, 4=Extremely)}
#' \item{\code{H19B}}{How important is trtmnt for drug probs now (0=Not at all, 1=Slightly, 2=Moderately, 3=Considerably, 4=Extremely)}
#' \item{\code{H1_30}}{# days in past 30 bef detox used alcohol}
#' \item{\code{H1_LT}}{# years regularly used alcohol}
#' \item{\code{H1_RT}}{Route of administration use alcohol (0=N/A. 1=Oral, 2=Nasal, 3=Smoking, 4=Non-IV injection, 5=IV)}
#' \item{\code{H2_30}}{#days in 3- bef detox use alcohol to intox}
#' \item{\code{H2_LT}}{# years regularly used alcohol to intox}
#' \item{\code{H2_PRB}}{Problem sub: alcohol to intox (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{H2_RT}}{Route of admin use alcohol to intox (0=N/A. 1=Oral, 2=Nasal, 3=Smoking, 4=Non-IV injection, 5=IV)}
#' \item{\code{H3_30}}{# days in past 30 bef detox used heroin}
#' \item{\code{H3_LT}}{# years regularly used heroin}
#' \item{\code{H3_PRB}}{Problem sub: heroin (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{H3_RT}}{Route of administration of heroin (0=N/A. 1=Oral, 2=Nasal, 3=Smoking, 4=Non-IV injection, 5=IV)}
#' \item{\code{H4_30}}{# days used methadone-last 30 bef detox}
#' \item{\code{H4_LT}}{# years regularly used methadone}
#' \item{\code{H4_PRB}}{Problem sub: methadone (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{H4_RT}}{Route of administration of methadone (0=N/A. 1=Oral, 2=Nasal, 3=Smoking, 4=Non-IV injection, 5=IV)}
#' \item{\code{H5_30}}{# days used opiates/analg-last 30 bef detox}
#' \item{\code{H5_LT}}{# years regularly used oth opiates/analg}
#' \item{\code{H5_PRB}}{Problem sub: other opiates/analg (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{H5_RT}}{Route of admin of other opiates/analg (0=N/A. 1=Oral, 2=Nasal, 3=Smoking, 4=Non-IV injection, 5=IV)}
#' \item{\code{H6_30}}{# days in past 30 before detox used barbiturates}
#' \item{\code{H6_LT}}{# years regularly used barbiturates}
#' \item{\code{H6_PRB}}{Problem sub: barbiturates (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{H6_RT}}{Route of admin of barbiturates (0=N/A. 1=Oral, 2=Nasal, 3=Smoking, 4=Non-IV injection, 5=IV)}
#' \item{\code{H7_30}}{# days used sed/hyp/trnq-last 30 bef det}
#' \item{\code{H7_LT}}{# years regularly used sed/hyp/trnq}
#' \item{\code{H7_PRB}}{Problem sub: sedat/hyp/tranq (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{H7_RT}}{Route of admin of sed/hyp/trnq (0=N/A. 1=Oral, 2=Nasal, 3=Smoking, 4=Non-IV injection, 5=IV)}
#' \item{\code{H8_30}}{# days in last 30 bef detox used cocaine}
#' \item{\code{H8_LT}}{# years regularly used cocaine}
#' \item{\code{H8_PRB}}{Problem sub: cocaine (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{H8_RT}}{Route of admin of cocaine (0=N/A. 1=Oral, 2=Nasal, 3=Smoking, 4=Non-IV injection, 5=IV)}
#' \item{\code{H9_30}}{# days in last 30 bef detox used amphet}
#' \item{\code{H9_LT}}{# years regularly used amphetamines}
#' \item{\code{H9_PRB}}{Problem sub: amphetamines (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{H9_RT}}{Route of admin of amphetamines (0=N/A. 1=Oral, 2=Nasal, 3=Smoking, 4=Non-IV injection, 5=IV)}
#' \item{\code{HOMELESS}}{Homeless-shelter/street past 6 m (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{HS_GRAD}}{High school graduate (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{HT}}{Raw SF-36 health transition item}
#' \item{\code{I1}}{Avg # drinks in last 30 days bef detox}
#' \item{\code{I2}}{Most drank any 1 day in last 30 bef detox}
#' \item{\code{I3}}{On days used heroin, avg # bags used}
#' \item{\code{I4}}{Most bags heroin used any 1 day -- 30 before det}
#' \item{\code{I5}}{Avg $ amt of heroin used per day}
#' \item{\code{I6A}}{On days used cocaine, avg # bags used}
#' \item{\code{I6B}}{On days used cocaine, avg # rocks used}
#' \item{\code{I7A}}{Mst bgs cocaine use any 1 day-30 bef det}
#' \item{\code{I7B}}{Mst rcks cocaine use any 1 day-30 bef det}
#' \item{\code{I8}}{Avg $ amt of cocaine used per day}
#' \item{\code{IMPUL2}}{Inventory of Drug Use Consequences InDUC-2L-Impulse control-Raw (w/0 M23)}
#' \item{\code{IMPUL}}{Inventory of Drug Use Consequences InDUL-2L-Impulse control-Raw}
#' \item{\code{INDTOT2}}{InDUC-2L-Total drlnC-Raw- w/o M23 and M48}
#' \item{\code{INDTOT}}{InDUC-2LTotal drlnC sore-Raw}
#' \item{\code{INTER}}{InDUC-2L-Interpersonal-Raw}
#' \item{\code{INTRA}}{InDUC-2L-Intrapersonal-Raw}
#' \item{\code{INT_TIME1}}{# of months from baseline to current interview}
#' \item{\code{INT_TIME2}}{# of months from previous to current interview}
#' \item{\code{J10A}}{Get physically sick when stop using heroin (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{J10B}}{Ever use heroin to prevent getting sick (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{J1}}{Evr don't stop using cocaine when should (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{J2}}{Ever tried to cut down on cocaine (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{J3}}{Does cocaine take up a lot of your time (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{J4}}{Need use > cocaine to get some feeling (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{J5A}}{Get physically sick when stop using cocaine (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{J5B}}{Ever use cocaine to prevent getting sick (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{J6}}{Ever don't stop using heroin when should (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{J7}}{Ever tried to cut down on heroin (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{J8}}{Does heroin take up a lot of your time (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{J9}}{Need use > heroin to get some feeling (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{JAIL_5YR}}{Any jail time past 5 years y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{JAIL_MOS}}{Total months in jail past 5 years }
#' \item{\code{K1}}{Do you currently smoke cigarettes (1=Yes-every day, 2=Yes-some days, 3=No-former smoker, 4=No-never>100 cigarettes}
#' \item{\code{K2}}{Avg # cigarettes smoked per day}
#' \item{\code{K3}}{Considering quitting cigarettes within next 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{L10}}{Have had blkouts as result of drinkng (0=No, never, 1=Sometimes, 2=Often, 3=Alm evry time drink)}
#' \item{\code{L11}}{Do you carry bottle or keep close by (0=No, 1=Some of the time, 2=Most of the time)}
#' \item{\code{L12}}{After abstin end up drink heavily again (0=No, 1=Sometimes, 2=Almost evry time)}
#' \item{\code{L13}}{Passed out due to drinking-last 12 months (0=No, 1=Once, 2=More than once)}
#' \item{\code{L14}}{Had convuls following period of drinkng (0=No, 1=Once, 2=Several times)}
#' \item{\code{L15}}{Do you drink throughout the day (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{L16}}{After drinkng heavily was thinkng unclear (0=No, 1=Yes, few hrs, 2=Yes,1-2 days, 3=Yes, many days)}
#' \item{\code{L17}}{D/t drinkng felt heart beat rapidly (0=No, 1=Once, 2=Several times)}
#' \item{\code{L18}}{Do you constntly think about drinkng/alcohol (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{L19}}{D/t drinkng heard things not there (0=No, 1=Once, 2= Several times)}
#' \item{\code{L1}}{How often drink last time drank (1=To get high/less, 2=To get drunk, 3=To pass out)}
#' \item{\code{L20}}{Had weird/fright sensations when drinkng (0=No, 1=Once or twice, 2=Often)}
#' \item{\code{L21}}{When drinkng felt things rawl not there (0=No, 1=Once, 2=Several times)}
#' \item{\code{L22}}{With respect to blackouts (0=Never had one, 1=Had for <1hr, 2=Had several hrs, 3=Had for day/+)}
#' \item{\code{L23}}{Ever tried to cut down on drinking & failed (0=No, 1=Once, 2=Several times)}
#' \item{\code{L24}}{Do you gulp drinks (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{L25}}{After taking 1 or 2 drinks can you stop (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{L2}}{Often have hangovers Sun or Mon mornings (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{L3}}{Have you had the shakes when sobering (0=No, 1=Sometimes, 2=Alm evry time drink)}
#' \item{\code{L4}}{Do you get physically sick as reslt of drinking (0=No, 1=Sometimes, 2=Alm evry time drink)}
#' \item{\code{L5}}{have you had the DTs (0=No, 1=Once, 2=Several times}
#' \item{\code{L6}}{When drink do you stumble/stagger/weave (0=No, 1=Sometimes, 2=Often)}
#' \item{\code{L7}}{D/t drinkng felt overly hot/sweaty (0=No, 1=Once, 2=Several times)}
#' \item{\code{L8}}{As result of drinkng saw thngs not there (0=No, 1=Once, 2=Several times)}
#' \item{\code{L9}}{Panic because fear not have drink if need it (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{LINKSTATUS}}{Linked to primary care within 12 months (by administrative record)}
#' \item{\code{M10}}{Using alcohol/1 drug caused > use othr drugs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M11}}{I have been sick/vomited aft alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M12}}{I have been unhappy because of alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M13}}{Lost weight/eaten poorly due to alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M14}}{Fail to do what expected due to alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M15}}{Using alcohol/drugs has helped me to relax (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M16}}{Felt guilt/ashamed because of my alcohol drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M17}}{Said/done emarras thngs when on alcohol/drug (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M18}}{Personality changed for worse on alcohol/drug (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M19}}{Taken foolish risk when using alcohol/drugs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M1}}{Had hangover/felt bad aftr using alcohol/drugs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M20}}{Gotten into trouble because of alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M21}}{Said cruel things while using alcohol/drugs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M22}}{Done impuls thngs regret due to alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M23}}{Gotten in physical fights when use alcohol/drugs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M24}}{My physical health was harmed by alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M25}}{Using alcohol/drug helped me have more + outlook (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M26}}{I have had money probs because of my alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M27}}{My love relat harmed due to my alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M28}}{Smoked tobacco more when using alcohol/drugs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M29}}{My physical appearance harmed by alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M2}}{Felt bad about self because of alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M30}}{My family hurt because of my alcohol drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M31}}{Close relationsp damaged due to alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M32}}{Spent time in jail because of my alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M33}}{My sex life suffered due to my alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M34}}{Lost interst in activity due to my alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M35}}{Soc life> enjoyable when using alcohol/drug (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M36}}{Spirit/moral life harmed by alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M37}}{Not had kind life want due to alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M38}}{My alcohol/drug use in way of personal growth (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M39}}{My alcohol/drug use damaged soc life/reputat (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M3}}{Missed days wrk/sch because of alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M40}}{Spent/lost too much $ because alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M41}}{Arrested for DUI of alcohol or oth drugs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M42}}{Arrested for offenses rel to alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M43}}{Lost marriage/love relat due to alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M44}}{Susp/fired/left job/sch due to alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M45}}{I used drugs moderately w/o having probs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M46}}{I have lost a friend due to my alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M47}}{Had an accident while using alcohol/drugs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M48}}{Physically hurt/injured/burned when using alcohol/drugs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M49}}{I injured someone while using alcohol/drugs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M4}}{Fam/frinds worry/compl about alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M50}}{Damaged things/prop when using alcohol/drugs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M5}}{I have enjoyed drinking/using drugs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M6}}{Qual of work suffered because of alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M7}}{Parenting ability harmed by alcohol/drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M8}}{Trouble sleeping/nightmares aftr alcohol/drugs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{M9}}{Driven motor veh while undr inf alcohol/drugs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{MAR_STAT}}{Marital status (recode) (0=Married, 1=Not married)}
#' \item{\code{MCS}}{Standardized mental component scale-00}
#' \item{\code{MD_LANG}}{Lang prefer to speak to MD (recode) (0=English, 1=Other lang)}
#' \item{\code{MH}}{SF-36 mental health index (0-100)}
#' \item{\code{MMSEC}}{MMSEC}
#' \item{\code{N1A}}{My friends give me the moral support I need (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N1B}}{Most people closer to friends than I am (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N1C}}{My friends enjoy hearing what I think (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N1D}}{I rely on my friends for emot support (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N1E}}{Friend go to when down w/o feel funny later (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N1F}}{Frnds and I open re what thnk about things (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N1G}}{My friends sensitive to my pers needs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N1H}}{My friends good at helping me solve probs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N1I}}{have deep sharing relat w/ a # of frnds (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N1J}}{When confide in frnds makes me uncomfort (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N1K}}{My friends seek me out for companionship (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N1L}}{Not have as int relat w/frnds as others (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N1M}}{Recent good idea how to do somethng frm frnd (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N1N}}{I wish my friends were much different (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N2A}}{My family gives me the moral support I need (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N2B}}{Good ideas of how do/make thngs from fam (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N2C}}{Most peop closer to their fam than I am (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N2D}}{When confide make close fam membs uncomf (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N2E}}{My fam enjoys hearing about what I think (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N2F}}{Membs of my fam share many of my intrsts (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N2G}}{I rely on my fam for emot support (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N2H}}{Fam memb go to when down w/o feel funny (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N2I}}{Fam and I open about what thnk about thngs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N2J}}{My fam is sensitive to my personal needs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N2K}}{Fam memb good at helping me solve probs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N2L}}{Have deep sharing relat w/# of fam membs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N2M}}{Makes me uncomf to confide in fam membs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{N2N}}{I wish my family were much different (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{NUM_BARR}}{# of perceived barriers to linkage}
#' \item{\code{NUM_INTERVALS}}{Number of 6-month intervals from previous to current interview}
#' \item{\code{O1A}}{# people spend tx w/who drink alcohol (1=None, 2= A few, 3=About half, 4= Most, 5=All)}
#' \item{\code{O1B_REC}}{Family/friends heavy drinkers y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{O1B}}{# people spend tx w/who are heavy drinkrs (1=None, 2= A few, 3=About half, 4= Most, 5=All)}
#' \item{\code{O1C_REC}}{Family/friends use drugs y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{O1C}}{# people spend tx w/who use drugs (1=None, 2= A few, 3=About half, 4= Most, 5=All)}
#' \item{\code{O1D_REC}}{Family/fiends support abst. y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{O1D}}{# peop spend tx w/who supprt your abstin (1=None, 2= A few, 3=About half, 4= Most, 5=All)}
#' \item{\code{O2_REC}}{Live-in partner drinks/drugs y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{O2}}{Does live-in part/spouse drink/use drugs (0=No, 1=Yes, 2=N/A)}
#' \item{\code{P1A}}{Physical abuse/assault by family members/person I know (0=No, 1=Yes, 7=Not sure)}
#' \item{\code{P1B}}{Age first physically assaulted by person I know}
#' \item{\code{P1C}}{Physically assaulted by person I know-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{P2A}}{Physical abuse/assault by stranger (0=No, 1=Yes, 7=Not sure)}
#' \item{\code{P2B}}{Age first physically assaulted by stranger}
#' \item{\code{P2C}}{Physically assaulted by stranger-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{P3}}{Using drugs/alcohol when physically assaulted (1=Don't know, 2=Never, 3=Some cases, 4=Most cases, 5=All cases, 9=Never assaulted)}
#' \item{\code{P4}}{Person who physically assaulted you was using alcohol/drugs (1=Don't know, 2=Never, 3=Some cases, 4=Most cases, 5=All cases, 9=Never assaulted)}
#' \item{\code{P5A}}{Sexual abuse/assault by family member/person you know (0=No, 1= Yes, 7=Not sure)}
#' \item{\code{P5B}}{Age first sexually assaulted by person you know}
#' \item{\code{P5C}}{Sexually assaulted by person you know-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{P6A}}{Sexual abuse/assault by stranger (0=No, 1=Yes, 7=Not sure)}
#' \item{\code{P6B}}{Age first sexually assaulted by stranger}
#' \item{\code{P6C}}{Sexually assaulted by stranger-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{P7}}{Using drugs/alcohol when sexually assaulted (1=Don't know, 2=Never, 3=Some cases, 4=Most cases, 5=All cases, 9=Never assaulted)}
#' \item{\code{P8}}{Person who sexually assaulted you using alcohol/drugs (1=Don't know, 2=Never, 3=Some cases, 4=Most cases, 5=All cases, 9=Never assaulted)}
#' \item{\code{PCP_ID}}{a numeric vector}
#' \item{\code{PCS}}{Standardized physical component scale-00}
#' \item{\code{PC_REC7}}{Primary cared received: Linked & # visits (0=Not linked, 1=Linked, 1 visit, 2=Linked, 2 visits, 3=Linked, 3 visits, 4=Linked, 4 visits, 5= Linked, 5 visits, 6=Linked, 6+visits)}
#' \item{\code{PC_REC}}{Primary care received: Linked & # visits (0=Not linked, 1=Linked, 1 visit, 2=Linked, 2+ visits)}
#' \item{\code{PF}}{SF-36 physical functioning (0-100)}
#' \item{\code{PHSXABUS}}{Any abuse (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{PHYABUSE}}{Physical abuse-stranger or family (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{PHYS2}}{InDUC-2L-Physical 9Raw (w/o M48)}
#' \item{\code{PHYS}}{InDUC-2L-Physical-Raw}
#' \item{\code{POLYSUB}}{Polysubstance abuser y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{PREV_TIME}}{Previous interview time}
#' \item{\code{PRIMLANG}}{First language (recode) (0=English, 1=Other lang)}
#' \item{\code{PRIMSUB2}}{First drug of choice (no marijuana) (0=None, 1=Alcohol, 2=Cocaine, 3=Heroin, 4=Barbituates, 5=Benzos, 6=Marijuana, 7=Methadone, 8=Opiates)}
#' \item{\code{PRIM_SUB}}{First drug of choice (0=None, 1=Alcohol, 2=Cocaine, 3=Heroin, 4=Barbituates, 5=Benzos, 6=Marijuana, 7=Methadone, 8=Opiates)}
#' \item{\code{PSS_FA}}{Perceived social support-family}
#' \item{\code{PSS_FR}}{Perceived social support-friends}
#' \item{\code{Q10}}{How would you describe yourself (0=Straight, 1=Gay/bisexual)}
#' \item{\code{Q11}}{# men had sex w/in past 6 months (0=0 men, 1=1 man, 2=2-3 men, 3=4+ men}
#' \item{\code{Q12}}{# women had sex w/in past 6 months (0=0 women, 1=1woman, 2=2-3 women, 3=4+ women}
#' \item{\code{Q13}}{# times had sex In past 6 months (0=Never, 1=Few times or less, 2=Few times/month, 3=Once or more/week)}
#' \item{\code{Q14}}{How often had sex to get drugs-last 6 months (0=Never, 1=Few times or less, 2=Few times/month, 3=Once or more/week)}
#' \item{\code{Q15}}{How often given drugs to have sex-last 6 months (0=Never, 1=Few times or less, 2=Few times/month, 3=Once or more/week)}
#' \item{\code{Q16}}{How often were you paid for sex-last 6 months (0=Never, 1=Few times or less, 2=Few times/month, 3=Once or more/week)}
#' \item{\code{Q17}}{How often you pay pers for sex-last 6 months (0=Never, 1=Few times or less, 2=Few times/month, 3=Once or more/week)}
#' \item{\code{Q18}}{How often use condoms during sex=last 6 months (0=No sex/always, 1=Most of the time, 2=Some of the time, 3=None of the time)}
#' \item{\code{Q19}}{Condoms are too much of a hassle to use (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{Q1A}}{Have you ever injected drugs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{Q1B}}{Have you injected drugs-last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{Q20}}{Safer sex is always your responsibility (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{Q2}}{Have you shared needles/works-last 6 months (0=No/Not shot up, 3=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{Q3}}{# people shared needles w/past 6 months (0=No/Not shot up, 1=1 other person, 2=2-3 diff people, 3=4/+ diff people)}
#' \item{\code{Q4}}{How often been to shoot gall/hse-last 6 months (0=Never, 1=Few times or less, 2= Few times/month, 3= Once or more/week)}
#' \item{\code{Q5}}{How often been to crack house-last 6 months (0=Never, 1=Few times or less, 2=Few times/month, 3=Once or more/week)}
#' \item{\code{Q6}}{How often shared rinse-water-last 6 months (0=Nevr/Not shot up, 1=Few times or less, 2=Few times/month, 3=Once or more/week)}
#' \item{\code{Q7}}{How often shared a cooker-last 6 months (0=Nevr/Not shot up, 1=Few times or less, 2=Few times/month, 3=Once or more/week)}
#' \item{\code{Q8}}{How often shared a cotton-last 6 months (0=Nevr/Not shot up, 1=Few times or less, 2=Few times/month, 3=Once or more/week)}
#' \item{\code{Q9}}{How often use syringe to div drugs-last 6 months (0=Nevr/Not shot up, 1=Few times or less, 2=Few times/month, 3=Once or more/week)}
#' \item{\code{R1A}}{I really want to change my alcohol/drug use (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{R1B}}{Sometimes I wonder if I'm an alcohol/addict (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{R1C}}{Id I don't change alcohol/drug probs will worsen (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{R1D}}{I started making changes in alcohol/drug use (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{R1E}}{Was using too much but managed to change (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{R1F}}{I wonder if my alcohol/drug use hurting othrs (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{R1G}}{I am a prob drinker or have drug prob (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{R1H}}{Already doing thngs to change alcohol/drug use (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{R1I}}{have changed use-trying to not slip back (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{R1J}}{I have a serious problem w/ alcohol/drugs (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{R1K}}{I wonder if I'm in control of alcohol/drug use (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{R1L}}{My alcohol/drug use is causing a lot of harm (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{R1M}}{Actively cutting down/stopping alcohol/drug use (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{R1N}}{Want help to not go back to alcohol/drugs (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{R1O}}{I know that I have an alcohol/drug problem (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{R1P}}{I wonder if I use alcohol/drugs too much (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{R1Q}}{I am an alcoholic or drug addict (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{R1R}}{I am working hard to change alcohol/drug use (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{R1S}}{Some changes-want help from going back (1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3= Agree, 4=Strongly agree)}
#' \item{\code{RABSCALE}}{RAB scale sore}
#' \item{\code{RACE2}}{Race (recode) (1=White, 2=Minority)}
#' \item{\code{RACE}}{Race (recode) (1=Afr Amer/Black, 2=White, 3=Hispanic, 4=Other)}
#' \item{\code{RAWBP}}{Raw SF-36 pain index}
#' \item{\code{RAWGH}}{Raw SF-36 general health perceptions}
#' \item{\code{RAWMH}}{Raw SF-36 mental health index}
#' \item{\code{RAWPF}}{Raw SF-36 physical functioning}
#' \item{\code{RAWRE}}{Raw SF-36 role-emotional}
#' \item{\code{RAWRP}}{Raw SF-36 role-physical}
#' \item{\code{RAWSF}}{Raw SF-36 social functioning}
#' \item{\code{RAWVT}}{Raw SF-36 vitality}
#' \item{\code{RAW_ADS}}{ADS score}
#' \item{\code{RAW_AM}}{SOCRATES-Ambivalence-Raw}
#' \item{\code{RAW_RE}}{SOCRATES-Recognition-Raw}
#' \item{\code{RAW_TS}}{SOCRATES-Taking steps-Raw}
#' \item{\code{RCT_LINK}}{Did subject link to primary care (RCT)--This time point (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{REALM2}}{REALM score (dichotomous) (1=0-60, 2=61-66)}
#' \item{\code{REALM3}}{REALM score (categorical) (1=0-44), 2=45-60), 3=61-66)}
#' \item{\code{REALM}}{REALM score}
#' \item{\code{REG_MD}}{Did subject report having regular doctor--This time point (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{RE}}{SF-36 role-emotional (0-100)}
#' \item{\code{RP}}{SF-36 role physical (0-100)}
#' \item{\code{S1A}}{At interview pt obviously depressed/withdrawn (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{S1B}}{at interview pt obviously hostile (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{S1C}}{At interview patientt obviously anxious/nervous (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{S1D}}{Trouble with real tst/thght dis/par at interview (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{S1E}}{At interview pt trbl w/ compr/concen/rememb (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{S1F}}{At interview pt had suicidal thoughts (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{SATREAT}}{Any BSAS substance abuse this time point (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{SECD_SUB}}{Second drug of choice (0=None, 1=Alcohol, 3=Cocaine, 3=Heroine, 4=Barbituates, 5=Benzos, 6=Marijuana, 7=Methadone, 8=Opiates)}
#' \item{\code{SER_INJ}}{Recent (6m) serious injury y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{SEXABUSE}}{Sexual abuse-stranger or family (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{SEXRISK}}{RAB-Sex risk total}
#' \item{\code{SF}}{SF-36 social functioning (0-100)}
#' \item{\code{SMOKER}}{Current smoker (every/some days) y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{SR}}{InDUC-2L-Social responsibility-Raw}
#' \item{\code{STD_6M}}{Had an STD past 6m y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{STD_EVER}}{Ever had an STD y/n (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{STRABUSE}}{Stranger abuse-physical or sexual (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{T1B}}{# days in row continued to drink}
#' \item{\code{T1C}}{Longest period abstain-last 6 months (alcohol)}
#' \item{\code{T1}}{Have used alcohol since leaving River St. (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{T2B}}{# days in row continued to use heroin}
#' \item{\code{T2C}}{Longest period abstain-last 6 months (heroin)}
#' \item{\code{T2}}{Have used heroin since leaving River St (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{T3B}}{# days in row continued to use cocaine}
#' \item{\code{T3C}}{Longest period abstain-last 6 months (cocaine)}
#' \item{\code{T3}}{Have used cocaine since leaving River St (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{TIME}}{Interview time point}
#' \item{\code{TOTALRAB}}{RAB-Total RAB sore}
#' \item{\code{U10A}}{# times been to regular MDs office-pst 6 months}
#' \item{\code{U10B}}{# times saw regular MD in office-pst 6 months}
#' \item{\code{U10C}}{# times saw oth prof in office-pst 6 months}
#' \item{\code{U11}}{Rate convenience of MD office location (1=Very poor, 2=Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5=Very good, 6=Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U12}}{Rate hours MD office open for medical appointments (1=Very poor, 2=Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5=Very good, 6=Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U13}}{Usual wait for appointment when sick (unscheduled) (1=Very poor, 2=Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5=Very good, 6=Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U14}}{Time wait for appointment to start at MD office (1=Very poor, 2=Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5=Very good, 6=Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U15A}}{DO you pay for any/all of MD visits (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U15B}}{How rate amt of $ you pay for MD visits (1=Very poor, 2=Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5=Very good, 6=Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U16A}}{Do you pay for any/all of prescript meds (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U16B}}{Rate amt $ pay for meds/prescript trtmnts (1=Very poor, 2=Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5=Very good, 6=Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U17}}{Ever skip meds/trtmnts because too expensive (1=Yes, often, 2=Yes, occasionally, 3=No, never)}
#' \item{\code{U18A}}{Ability to reach MC office by phone (1=Very poor, 2=Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5=Very good, 6=Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U18B}}{Ability to speak to MD by phone if need (1=Very poor, 2=Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5=Very good, 6=Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U19}}{How often see regular MD when have regular check-up (1=Always, 2=Almost always, 3=A lot of the time, 4=Some of the time, 5=Almost never, 6=Never)}
#' \item{\code{U1}}{It is important to have a regular MD (1=Strongly agree, 2=Agree, 3=Uncertain, 4=Disagree, 5=Strongly Disagree)}
#' \item{\code{U20}}{When sick + go to MD how often see regular MD (1=Always, 2=Almost always, 3=A lot of the time, 4=Some of the time, 5=Almost never, 6=Never)}
#' \item{\code{U21A}}{How thorough MD exam to check health prb (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U21B}}{How often question if MD diagnosis right (1=Always, 2=Almost always, 3=A lot of the time, 4=Some of the time, 5=Almost never, 6=Never)}
#' \item{\code{U22A}}{Thoroughness of MD questions re symptoms (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U22B}}{Attn MD gives to what you have to say (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U22C}}{MD explanations of health problems/treatments need (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U22D}}{MD instructions re symptom report/further care (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U22E}}{MD advice in decisions about your care (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U23}}{How often leave MD office with unanswd quests (1=Always, 2=Almost always, 3=A lot of the time, 4=Some of the time, 5=Almost never, 6=Never)}
#' \item{\code{U24A}}{Amount of time your MD spends with you (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U24B}}{MDs patience w/ your questions/worries (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U24C}}{MDs friendliness and warmth toward you (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U24D}}{MDs caring and concern for you (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U24E}}{MDs respect for you (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U25A}}{Reg MD ever talked to you about smoking (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U25B}}{Reg MD ever talked to you about alcohol use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U25C}}{Reg MD ever talk to you about seat belt use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U25D}}{Reg MD ever talked to you about diet (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U25E}}{Reg Mdever talked to you about exercise (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U25F}}{Reg MD ever talked to you about stress (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U25G}}{Reg MD ever talked to you about safe sex (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U25H}}{Reg MD ever talked to you about drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U25I}}{Reg MD ever talked to you about HIV testing (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U26A}}{Cut/quit smoking because of MDs advice (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U26B}}{Tried to drink less alcohol because of MD advice (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U26C}}{Wore my seat belt more because of MDs advice (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U26D}}{Changed diet because of MDs advice (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U26E}}{Done more exercise because MDs advice (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U26F}}{Relax/reduce stress because of MDs advice (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U26G}}{Practiced safer sex because of MDs advice (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U26H}}{Tried to cut down/quit drugs because MD advice (0=No, 1=Yes)}"
#' \item{\code{U26I}}{Got HIV tested because of MDs advice (0=No, 1=Yes)}"
#' \item{\code{U27A}}{I can tell my MD anything (1=Strongly agree, 2= Agree, 3= Not sure, 4=Disagree, 5=Strongly disagree)}"
#' \item{\code{U27B}}{My MD pretends to know thngs if not sure (1=Strongly agree, 2= Agree, 3= Not sure, 4=Disagree, 5=Strongly disagree)}"
#' \item{\code{U27C}}{I trust my MDs judgment re my med care (1=Strongly agree, 2= Agree, 3= Not sure, 4=Disagree, 5=Strongly disagree)}"
#' \item{\code{U27D}}{My MD cares > about < costs than my health (1=Strongly agree, 2= Agree, 3= Not sure, 4=Disagree, 5=Strongly disagree)}"
#' \item{\code{U27E}}{My MD always tell truth about my health (1=Strongly agree, 2= Agree, 3= Not sure, 4=Disagree, 5=Strongly disagree)}"
#' \item{\code{U27F}}{My MD cares as much as I about my health (1=Strongly agree, 2= Agree, 3= Not sure, 4=Disagree, 5=Strongly disagree)}"
#' \item{\code{U27G}}{My MD would try to hide a mistake in trtmt (1=Strongly agree, 2= Agree, 3= Not sure, 4=Disagree, 5=Strongly disagree)}"
#' \item{\code{U28}}{How much to you trust this MD (0=Not at all, 1=1, 2=2, 3=3, 4=4, 5=5, 6=6, 7=7, 8=8, 9=9, 10=Completely)}"
#' \item{\code{U29A}}{MDs knowledge of your entire med history (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}"
#' \item{\code{U29B}}{MD knowledge of your response-home/work/sch (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}"
#' \item{\code{U29C}}{MD knowledge of what worries you most-health (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}"
#' \item{\code{U29D}}{MDs knowledge of you as a person (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}"
#' \item{\code{U2A}}{I cannot pay for services (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U2B}}{I am not eligible for free care (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U2C}}{I do not know where to go (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U2D}}{Can't get services due to transport probs (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U2E}}{Office/clinic hours are inconvenient (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U2F}}{I do not speak/understand English well (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U2G}}{Afraid others discover health prb I have (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U2H}}{My substance abuse interferes (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U2I}}{I do not have a babysitter (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U2J}}{I do not want to lose my job (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U2K}}{My insurance does not cover services (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U2L}}{Medical care is not important to me (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U2M}}{I do not have time (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U2N}}{Med staff do not treat me with respect (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U2O}}{I do not trust my doctors or nurses (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U2P}}{Often been unsatisfied w/my med care (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U2Q_T}}{a factor with many levels}
#' \item{\code{U2Q}}{Other reason hard to get regular med care (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U2R}}{a factor with levels \code{} \code{7} \code{A} \code{B} \code{C} \code{D} \code{E} \code{F} \code{G} \code{H} \code{I} \code{J} \code{K} \code{L} \code{M} \code{N} \code{O} \code{P} \code{Q}}
#' \item{\code{U30}}{MD would know what want done if unconscious (1=Strongly agree, 2=Agree, 3=Not sure, 4= Disagree, 5=Strongly disagree)}"
#' \item{\code{U31}}{Oth MDs/RNs who play role in your care (0=No, 1=Yes)}" *
#' \item{\code{U32A}}{Their knowledge of you as a person (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U32B}}{The quality of care they provide (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U32C}}{Coordination between them and your regular MD (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U32D_T}}{N/A, only my regular MD does this}
#' \item{\code{U32D}}{Their explanation of your health prbs/trtmts need (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U33}}{Amt regular MD knows about care from others (1=Knows everything, 2=Knows almost everything, 3=Knows some things, 4=Knows very little, 5=Knows nothing)}
#' \item{\code{U34}}{Has MD ever recommended you see MD specialists (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U35A}}{How helpful MD in deciding on specialist (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U35B}}{How helpful MD getting appointment with specialist (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U35C}}{MDs involvement when you trtd by specialist (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U35D}}{MDs communication w/your specialists/oth MDs (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U35E}}{MD help in explain what specialists said (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U35F}}{Quality of specialists MD sent you to (1=Very poor, 2= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5= Very good, 6= Excellent)}
#' \item{\code{U36}}{How many minutes to get to MDs office (1=<15, 2=16-30. 3=31-60, 4=More than 60)}
#' \item{\code{U37}}{When sick+call how long take to see you (1=Same day, 2=Next day, 3=In 2-3 days, 4=In 4-5 days, 5=in >5 days)}
#' \item{\code{U38}}{How many minutes late appointment usually begin (1=None, 2=<5 minutes, 3=6-10 minutes, 4=11-20 minutes, 5=21-30 minutes, 6=31-45 minutes, 7=>45 minutes)}
#' \item{\code{U39}}{How satisfied are you w/your regular MD (1=Completely satisfied, 2=Very satisfied, 3=Somewhat satisfied, 4=Neither, 5=Somewhat dissatisfied, 6=Very dissatisfied, 7=Completely dissatisfied)}
#' \item{\code{U3A}}{Has MD evr talked to you about drug use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U3B}}{Has MD evr talked to you about alcohol use (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U4}}{Is there an MD you consider your regular MD (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U5}}{Have you seen any MDs in last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U6A}}{Would you go to this MD if med prb not emergency (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U6B}}{Think one of these could be your regular MD (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{U7A_T}}{a factor with levels \code{} \code{ARTHRITIS DOCTOR} \code{CHIROPRACTOR} \code{COCAINE STUDY} \code{DETOX DOCTOR} \code{DO} \code{EAR DOCTOR} \code{EAR SPECIALIST} \code{EAR, NOSE, & THROAT.} \code{EAR/NOSE/THROAT} \code{ENT} \code{FAMILY PHYSICIAN} \code{GENERAL MEDICINE} \code{GENERAL PRACTICE} \code{GENERAL PRACTITIONER} \code{GENERAL PRACTITIONER} \code{HEAD & NECK SPECIALIST} \code{HERBAL/HOMEOPATHIC/ACUPUNCTURE} \code{ID DOCTOR} \code{MAYBE GENERAL PRACTITIONER} \code{MEDICAL STUDENT} \code{NEUROLOGIST} \code{NURSE} \code{NURSE PRACTITIONER} \code{NURSE PRACTITIONER} \code{ONCOLOGIST} \code{PRENATAL} \code{PRIMARY} \code{PRIMARY CARE} \code{PRIMARY CARE} \code{PRIMARY CARE DOCTOR} \code{PRIMARY CARE} \code{THERAPIST} \code{UROLOGIST} \code{WOMENS CLINIC BMC}}
#' \item{\code{U7A}}{What type of MD is your regular MD/this MD (1=OB/GYN, 2=Family medicine, 3=Pediatrician, 4=Adolescent medicine, 5=Internal medicine, 6=AIDS doctor, 7=Asthma doctor, 8=Pulmonary doctor, 9=Cardiologist, 10=Gastroen)}
#' \item{\code{U8A}}{Only saw this person once (=Only saw once)}
#' \item{\code{U8B}}{Saw this person for < 6 months (1 = <6 months)}
#' \item{\code{U8C}}{Saw this person for 6 months - 1 year (2=Between 6 months & 1 year)}
#' \item{\code{U8D}}{Saw this person for 1-2 years (3 = 1-2 years)}
#' \item{\code{U8E}}{Saw this person for 3-5 years (4 = 3-5 years)}
#' \item{\code{U8F}}{Saw this person for more than 5 years (5 = >5 years)}
#' \item{\code{UNEMPLOY}}{Usually unemployed last 6 months (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{V1}}{Ever needed to drink much more to get effect (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{V2}}{Evr find alcohol had < effect than once did (0=No, 1=Yes)}
#' \item{\code{VT}}{SF-36 vitality 0-100)}
#' \item{\code{Z1}}{Breath Alcohol Concentration:1st test}
#' \item{\code{Z2}}{Breath Alcohol Concentration:2nd test}
#' }
#'
#' @details
#' Eligible subjects were adults, who spoke Spanish or English, reported alcohol,
#' heroin or cocaine as their first or second drug of choice, resided in proximity
#' to the primary care clinic to which they would be referred or were homeless.
#' Patients with established primary care relationships they planned to continue,
#' significant dementia, specific plans to leave the Boston area that would
#' prevent research participation, failure to provide contact information for
#' tracking purposes, or pregnancy were excluded.
#'
#' Subjects were interviewed at baseline during their detoxification
#' stay and follow-up interviews were undertaken every 6 months for 2
#' years. A variety of continuous, count, discrete, and survival time
#' predictors and outcomes were collected at each of these five
#' occasions.
#'
#' This dataset is a superset of the HELPmiss and HELPrct datasets which include
#' far fewer variables. Full details of the survey instruments are available at the
#' following link.
#'
#' @source
#' \url{https://nhorton.people.amherst.edu/help/}
#'
#' @references
#' Samet JH, Larson MJ, Horton NJ, Doyle K, Winter M, and Saitz R. Linking alcohol and
#' drug-dependent adults to primary medical care:
#' A randomized controlled trial of
#' a multi-disciplinary health intervention in a detoxification unit.
#' \emph{Addiction}, 2003; 98(4):509-516.
#'
#'
#' @examples
#' data(HELPfull)
#'
#' @seealso \code{\link{HELPrct}}, and \code{\link{HELPmiss}}.
#'
#' @keywords datasets
NA
#' Health Evaluation and Linkage to Primary Care
#'
#' The HELP study was a clinical trial for adult inpatients recruited from a
#' detoxification unit. Patients with no primary care physician were randomized
#' to receive a multidisciplinary assessment and a brief motivational intervention
#' or usual care, with the goal of linking them to primary medical care.
#'
#' @name HELPmiss
#' @usage data(HELPmiss)
#' @docType data
#' @format
#' Data frame with 470 observations on the following variables.
#'
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{age}}{subject age at baseline (in years)}
#' \item{\code{anysub}}{use of any substance post-detox: a factor with levels \code{no} \code{yes}}
#' \item{\code{cesd}}{Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression measure of depressive symptoms at baseline (higher scores indicate more symptoms)}
#' \item{\code{d1}}{lifetime number of hospitalizations for medical problems (measured at baseline)}
#' \item{\code{daysanysub}}{time (in days) to first use of any substance post-detox}
#' \item{\code{dayslink}}{time (in days) to linkage to primary care}
#' \item{\code{drugrisk}}{Risk Assessment Battery drug risk scale at baseline}
#' \item{\code{e2b}}{number of times in past 6 months entered a detox program (measured at baseline)}
#' \item{\code{female}}{0 for male, 1 for female}
#' \item{\code{sex}}{a factor with levels \code{male} \code{female}}
#' \item{\code{g1b}}{experienced serious thoughts of suicide in last 30 days (measured at baseline): a factor with levels \code{no} \code{yes}}
#' \item{\code{homeless}}{housing status: a factor with levels \code{housed} \code{homeless}}
#' \item{\code{i1}}{average number of drinks (standard units) consumed per day, in the
#' past 30 days (measured at baseline)}
#' \item{\code{i2}}{maximum number of drinks (standard units) consumed per day, in the
#' past 30 days (measured at baseline)}
#' \item{\code{avg_drinks}}{average number of drinks (standard units) consumed per day, in the
#' past 30 days (measured at baseline). Same as `i1`.}
#' \item{\code{max_drinks}}{maximum number of drinks (standard units) consumed per day, in the
#' past 30 days (measured at baseline). Same as `i2`.}
#' \item{\code{id}}{subject identifier}
#' \item{\code{indtot}}{Inventory of Drug Use Consequences (InDUC) total score (measured at baseline)}
#' \item{\code{linkstatus}}{post-detox linkage to primary care (0 = no, 1 = yes)}
#' \item{\code{link}}{post-detox linkage to primary care: \code{no} \code{yes}}
#' \item{\code{mcs}}{SF-36 Mental Component Score (measured at baseline, higher scores are better)}
#' \item{\code{pcs}}{SF-36 Physical Component Score (measured at baseline, higher scores are better)}
#' \item{\code{pss_fr}}{perceived social support by friends (measured at baseline)}
#' \item{\code{racegrp}}{race/ethnicity: levels \code{black} \code{hispanic} \code{other} \code{white}}
#' \item{\code{satreat}}{any BSAS substance abuse treatment at baseline: \code{no} \code{yes}}
#' \item{\code{sexrisk}}{Risk Assessment Battery sex risk score (measured at baseline)}
#' \item{\code{substance}}{primary substance of abuse: \code{alcohol} \code{cocaine} \code{heroin}}
#' \item{\code{treat}}{randomized to HELP clinic: \code{no} \code{yes}}
#' }
#'
#'
#' @details
#' Eligible subjects were adults, who spoke Spanish or English, reported alcohol,
#' heroin or cocaine as their first or second drug of choice, resided in proximity
#' to the primary care clinic to which they would be referred or were homeless.
#' Patients with established primary care relationships they planned to continue,
#' significant dementia, specific plans to leave the Boston area that would
#' prevent research participation, failure to provide contact information for
#' tracking purposes, or pregnancy were excluded.
#'
#' Subjects were interviewed at baseline during their detoxification
#' stay and follow-up interviews were undertaken every 6 months for 2
#' years. A variety of continuous, count, discrete, and survival time
#' predictors and outcomes were collected at each of these five
#' occasions.
#'
#' This dataset is a superset of the HELPrct data with 17 subjects with
#' partially observed data on some of the baseline variables. This is
#' a subset of the HELPfull data which includes 5 timepoints and many
#' additional variables.
#'
#' @source
#' \url{https://nhorton.people.amherst.edu/help/}
#'
#' @references
#' Samet JH, Larson MJ, Horton NJ, Doyle K, Winter M, and Saitz R. Linking alcohol and
#' drug-dependent adults to primary medical care:
#' A randomized controlled trial of
#' a multi-disciplinary health intervention in a detoxification unit.
#' \emph{Addiction}, 2003; 98(4):509-516.
#'
#' @seealso \code{\link{HELPrct}} , and \code{\link{HELPfull}}.
#'
#'
#' @examples
#' data(HELPmiss)
#'
#' @keywords datasets
NA
#' Health Evaluation and Linkage to Primary Care
#'
#' The HELP study was a clinical trial for adult inpatients recruited from a
#' detoxification unit. Patients with no primary care physician were randomized
#' to receive a multidisciplinary assessment and a brief motivational intervention
#' or usual care, with the goal of linking them to primary medical care.
#'
#' @name HELPrct
#' @usage data(HELPrct)
#' @docType data
#' @format
#' Data frame with 453 observations on the following variables.
#'
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{age}}{subject age at baseline (in years)}
#' \item{\code{anysub}}{use of any substance post-detox: a factor with levels \code{no} \code{yes}}
#' \item{\code{cesd}}{Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression measure at baseline (high scores indicate more depressive symptoms)}
#' \item{\code{d1}}{lifetime number of hospitalizations for medical problems (measured at baseline)}
#' \item{\code{hospitalizations}}{lifetime number of hospitalizations for medical problems (measured at baseline)}
#' \item{\code{daysanysub}}{time (in days) to first use of any substance post-detox}
#' \item{\code{dayslink}}{time (in days) to linkage to primary care}
#' \item{\code{drugrisk}}{Risk Assessment Battery drug risk scale at baseline}
#' \item{\code{e2b}}{number of times in past 6 months entered a detox program (measured at baseline)}
#' \item{\code{female}}{0 for male, 1 for female}
#' \item{\code{sex}}{a factor with levels \code{male} \code{female}}
#' \item{\code{g1b}}{experienced serious thoughts of suicide in last 30 days (measured at baseline): a factor with levels \code{no} \code{yes}}
#' \item{\code{homeless}}{housing status: a factor with levels \code{housed} \code{homeless}}
#' \item{\code{i1}}{average number of drinks (standard units) consumed per day, in the
#' past 30 days (measured at baseline)}
#' \item{\code{i2}}{maximum number of drinks (standard units) consumed per day, in the
#' past 30 days (measured at baseline)}
#' \item{\code{id}}{subject identifier}
#' \item{\code{indtot}}{Inventory of Drug Use Consequences (InDUC) total score (measured at baseline)}
#' \item{\code{linkstatus}}{post-detox linkage to primary care (0 = no, 1 = yes)}
#' \item{\code{link}}{post-detox linkage to primary care: \code{no} \code{yes}}
#' \item{\code{mcs}}{SF-36 Mental Component Score (measured at baseline, lower scores indicate worse status)}
#' \item{\code{pcs}}{SF-36 Physical Component Score (measured at baseline, lower scores indicate worse status)}
#' \item{\code{pss_fr}}{perceived social support by friends (measured at baseline, higher scores indicate more support)}
#' \item{\code{racegrp}}{race/ethnicity: levels \code{black} \code{hispanic} \code{other} \code{white}}
#' \item{\code{satreat}}{any BSAS substance abuse treatment at baseline: \code{no} \code{yes}}
#' \item{\code{sexrisk}}{Risk Assessment Battery sex risk score (measured at baseline)}
#' \item{\code{substance}}{primary substance of abuse: \code{alcohol} \code{cocaine} \code{heroin}}
#' \item{\code{treat}}{randomized to HELP clinic: \code{no} \code{yes}}
#' }
#'
#'
#' @note
#' The \code{HELPrct} data set was originally named \code{HELP} but has
#' been renamed to avoid confusion with the \code{help} function.
#'
#'
#' @details
#' Eligible subjects were adults, who spoke Spanish or English, reported alcohol,
#' heroin or cocaine as their first or second drug of choice, resided in proximity
#' to the primary care clinic to which they would be referred or were homeless.
#' Patients with established primary care relationships they planned to continue,
#' significant dementia, specific plans to leave the Boston area that would
#' prevent research participation, failure to provide contact information for
#' tracking purposes, or pregnancy were excluded.
#'
#' Subjects were interviewed at baseline during their detoxification
#' stay and follow-up interviews were undertaken every 6 months for 2
#' years. A variety of continuous, count, discrete, and survival time
#' predictors and outcomes were collected at each of these five
#' occasions.
#'
#' This data set is a subset of the \code{\link{HELPmiss}} data set restricted to
#' the 453 subjects who were fully observed on the
#' \code{age}, \code{cesd}, \code{d1},
#' \code{female}, \code{sex}, \code{g1b}, \code{homeless},
#' \code{i1}, \code{i2}, \code{indtot}, \code{mcs}, \code{pcs}, \code{pss_fr},
#' \code{racegrp}, \code{satreat}, \code{substance}, \code{treat},
#' and \code{sexrisk} variables. (There is some missingness in the other variables.)
#' \code{\link{HELPmiss}} contains 17 additional subjects with
#' partially observed data on some of these baseline variables. This is
#' also a subset of the \code{\link{HELPfull}} data which includes 5 timepoints and
#' many additional variables.
#'
#' @source
#' \url{https://nhorton.people.amherst.edu/help/}
#'
#' @references
#' Samet JH, Larson MJ, Horton NJ, Doyle K, Winter M, and Saitz R. Linking alcohol and
#' drug-dependent adults to primary medical care:
#' A randomized controlled trial of
#' a multi-disciplinary health intervention in a detoxification unit.
#' \emph{Addiction}, 2003; 98(4):509-516.
#'
#' @seealso \code{\link{HELPmiss}}, and \code{\link{HELPfull}}.
#'
#'
#' @examples
#' data(HELPrct)
#'
#' @keywords datasets
NA
#' Foot measurements in children
#'
#' These data were collected by a statistician, Mary C. Meyer, in a
#' fourth grade classroom in Ann Arbor, MI, in October 1997. They are a
#' convenience sample --- the kids who were in the fourth grade.
#'
#' @name KidsFeet
#' @usage data(KidsFeet)
#' @docType data
#' @format
#' A data frame with 39 observations on the following variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{name}}{a factor with levels corresponding to the name of each child}
#' \item{\code{birthmonth}}{the month of birth}
#' \item{\code{birthyear}}{the year of birth}
#' \item{\code{length}}{length of longer foot (in cm)}
#' \item{\code{width}}{width of longer foot (in cm)}
#' \item{\code{sex}}{a factor with levels \code{B} \code{G}}
#' \item{\code{biggerfoot}}{a factor with levels \code{L} \code{R}}
#' \item{\code{domhand}}{a factor with levels \code{L} \code{R}}
#' }
#'
#' @details
#' Quoted from the source: "From a very young age, shoes for boys tend to be wider than shoes for girls. Is this because boys have wider feet, or because it is assumed that
#' girls, even in elementary school, are willing to sacrifice comfort for fashion?
#' To assess the former, a statistician measures kids' feet."
#'
#' @references
#' Mary C. Meyer (2006) "Wider Shoes for Wider Feet?"
#' \emph{Journal of Statistics Education} 14(1),
#' <http://jse.amstat.org/v14n1/datasets.meyer.html>.
#'
#' @examples
#' data(KidsFeet)
#'
#' @keywords datasets
NA
#' Marriage records
#'
#' Marriage records from the Mobile County, Alabama, probate court.
#'
#' @name Marriage
#' @usage data(Marriage)
#' @docType data
#' @format
#' A data frame with 98 observations on the following variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{bookpageID}}{a factor with levels for each book and page (unique identifier)}
#' \item{\code{appdate}}{date on which the application was filed}
#' \item{\code{ceremonydate}}{date of the ceremony}
#' \item{\code{delay}}{number of days between the application and the ceremony}
#' \item{\code{officialTitle}}{a factor with levels \code{BISHOP} \code{CATHOLIC PRIEST} \code{CHIEF CLERK} \code{CIRCUIT JUDGE } \code{ELDER} \code{MARRIAGE OFFICIAL} \code{MINISTER} \code{PASTOR} \code{REVEREND}}
#' \item{\code{person}}{a factor with levels \code{Bride} \code{Groom}}
#' \item{\code{dob}}{a factor with levels corresponding to the date of birth of the person}
#' \item{\code{age}}{age of the person (in years)}
#' \item{\code{race}}{a factor with levels \code{American Indian} \code{Black} \code{Hispanic} \code{White}}
#' \item{\code{prevcount}}{the number of previous marriages of the person, as listed on the
#' application}
#' \item{\code{prevconc}}{the way the last marriage ended, as listed on the application}
#' \item{\code{hs}}{the number of years of high school education, as listed on the application}
#' \item{\code{college}}{the number of years College education, as listed on the application. Where no number was listed, this field was left blank, unless less than 12 years High School was reported, in which case it was entered as 0.}
#' \item{\code{dayOfBirth}}{the day of birth, as a number from 1 to 365 counting from January 1}
#' \item{\code{sign}}{the astrological sign, with levels \code{Aquarius} \code{Aries} \code{Cancer} \code{Capricorn} \code{Gemini} \code{Leo} \code{Libra} \code{Pisces} \code{Sagittarius} \code{Scorpio} \code{Taurus} \code{Virgo}}
#' }
#'
#' @details
#' The calculation of the astrological sign may not correctly sort people directly on the borders between signs. This variable is not part of the original record.
#'
#' @source
#' The records were collected through
#' http://www.mobilecounty.org/probatecourt/recordssearch.htm
#'
#' @examples
#' data(Marriage)
#'
#' @keywords datasets
NA
#' Mites and Wilt Disease
#'
#' Data from an experiment to test whether exposure to mites protects against Wilt Disease in
#' cotton plants.
#'
#' @name Mites
#' @usage data(Mites)
#' @docType data
#' @format
#' A data frame with 47 observations on the following variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{treatment}}{a factor with levels \code{mites} and \code{no mites}}
#' \item{\code{outcome}}{a factor with levels \code{wilt} and \code{no wilt}}
#' }
#'
#' @details
#' Researchers suspected that attack of a plant by one organism induced
#' resistance to subsequent attack by a different organism. Individually potted
#' cotton plants were randomly allocated to two groups: infestation by spider
#' mites or no infestation. After two weeks the mites were dutifully removed by
#' a conscientious research assistant, and both groups were inoculated with
#' Verticillium, a fungus that causes Wilt disease. More information can be
#' found at <https://www.causeweb.org/cause/webinar/activity/2010-01/>.
#'
#' @source
#' Statistics for the Life Sciences, Third Edition; Myra Samuels & Jeffrey Witmer (2003), page 409.
#'
#' @examples
#' data(Mites)
#' if (require(mosaic)) {
#' tally(~ treatment + outcome, data=Mites)
#' tally(~ outcome | treatment, format="percent", data=Mites)
#' }
#'
#' @keywords datasets
NA
#' State by State SAT data
#'
#'
#' SAT data assembled for a statistics education journal article on the
#' link between SAT scores and measures of educational expenditures
#'
#'
#' @name SAT
#' @usage data(SAT)
#' @docType data
#' @format
#' A data frame with 50 observations on the following variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{state}}{a factor with names of each state}
#' \item{\code{expend}}{expenditure per pupil in average daily attendance in
#' public elementary and secondary schools, 1994-95 (in thousands of US dollars)}
#' \item{\code{ratio}}{average pupil/teacher ratio in public elementary and secondary
#' schools, Fall 1994}
#' \item{\code{salary}}{estimated average annual salary of teachers in public elementary
#' and secondary schools, 1994-95 (in thousands of US dollars)}
#' \item{\code{frac}}{percentage of all eligible students taking the SAT, 1994-95}
#' \item{\code{verbal}}{average verbal SAT score, 1994-95}
#' \item{\code{math}}{average math SAT score, 1994-95}
#' \item{\code{sat}}{average total SAT score, 1994-95}
#' }
#'
#' @source
#' http://www.amstat.org/publications/jse/secure/v7n2/datasets.guber.cfm
#'
#' @references
#' Deborah Lynn Guber, "Getting what you pay for: the debate over equity in
#' public school expenditures" (1999), \emph{Journal of Statistics Education} 7(2).
#'
#' @examples
#' data(SAT)
#' if (require(ggformula)) {
#' gf_point(sat ~ expend, data = SAT, color = "blue", alpha = 0.5) |>
#' gf_lm()
#' gf_text(sat ~ expend, data = SAT, label = ~ abbreviate(SAT$state, 3),
#' inherit = FALSE)
#' }
#' @keywords datasets
NA
#' Cherry Blossom Race
#'
#' The Cherry Blossom 10 Mile Run is a road race held in Washington,
#' D.C. in April each year. (The name comes from the famous cherry trees
#' that are in bloom in April in Washington.) The results of this race
#' are published. This data frame contains the results from the 2005 race.
#'
#' @name TenMileRace
#' @usage data(TenMileRace)
#' @docType data
#' @format
#' A data frame with 8636 observations on the following variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{state}}{State of residence of runner.}
#' \item{\code{time}}{Official time from starting gun to finish line.}
#' \item{\code{net}}{The recorded time (in seconds) from when the runner crossed the starting
#' line to when the runner crossed the finish line. This is generally
#' less than the official time because of the large number of runners in
#' the race: it takes time to reach the starting line after the gun has
#' gone off.}
#' \item{\code{age}}{Age of runner in years.}
#' \item{\code{sex}}{A factor with levels \code{F} \code{M}.}
#' }
#'
#' @examples
#' data(TenMileRace)
#' if (require(ggformula)) {
#' gf_point(net ~ age | sex, data = TenMileRace, color = ~sex, alpha = 0.1) |>
#' gf_density2d(color = "gray40")
#' lm(net ~ age + sex, data = TenMileRace)
#' }
#'
#' @keywords datasets
NA
#' Utility bills
#'
#' Data from utility bills at a residence.
#' \code{\link{Utilities2}} is a similar data set with some additional variables.
#'
#' @name Utilities
#' @usage data(Utilities)
#' @docType data
#' @format
#' A data frame containing 117 observations for the following variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{month}}{month (coded as a number)}
#' \item{\code{day}}{day of month on which bill was calculated}
#' \item{\code{year}}{year of bill}
#' \item{\code{temp}}{average temperature (F) for billing period}
#' \item{\code{kwh}}{electricity usage (kwh)}
#' \item{\code{ccf}}{gas usage (ccf)}
#' \item{\code{thermsPerDay}}{a numeric vector}
#' \item{\code{billingDays}}{number of billing days in billing period}
#' \item{\code{totalbill}}{total bill (in dollars)}
#' \item{\code{gasbill}}{gas bill (in dollars)}
#' \item{\code{elecbill}}{electric bill (in dollars)}
#' \item{\code{notes}}{notes about the billing period}
#' }
#'
#' @source
#' Daniel T. Kaplan, \emph{Statistical modeling: A fresh approach}, 2009.
#'
#' @examples
#' data(Utilities)
#' if (require(ggformula)) {
#' gf_point(gasbill ~ temp, data = Utilities)
#' }
#'
#' @seealso \code{\link{Utilities2}}.
#' @keywords datasets
NA
#' Utility bills
#'
#' Data from utility bills at a private residence. This is an augmented version
#' of \code{\link{Utilities}}.
#'
#' @name Utilities2
#' @usage data(Utilities2)
#' @docType data
#' @format
#' A data frame containing 117 observations for the following variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{month}}{month (coded as a number)}
#' \item{\code{day}}{day of month on which bill was calculated}
#' \item{\code{year}}{year of bill}
#' \item{\code{temp}}{average temperature (F) for billing period}
#' \item{\code{kwh}}{electricity usage (kwh)}
#' \item{\code{ccf}}{gas usage (ccf)}
#' \item{\code{thermsPerDay}}{a numeric vector}
#' \item{\code{billingDays}}{number of billing days in billing period}
#' \item{\code{totalbill}}{total bill (in dollars)}
#' \item{\code{gasbill}}{gas bill (in dollars)}
#' \item{\code{elecbill}}{electric bill (in dollars)}
#' \item{\code{notes}}{notes about the billing period}
#' \item{\code{ccfpday}}{average gas usage per day (\code{Utilities2} only)}
#' \item{\code{kwhpday}}{average electric usage per day (\code{Utilities2} only)}
#' \item{\code{gasbillpday}}{gas bill divided by billing days (\code{Utilities2} only)}
#' \item{\code{elecbillpday}}{electric bill divided by billing days a numeric vector
#' (\code{Utilities2} only)}
#' \item{\code{totalbillpday}}{total bill divided by billing days a
#' numeric vector (\code{Utilities2} only)}
#' \item{\code{therms}}{\code{thermsPerDay * billingDays} (\code{Utilities2} only)}
#' \item{\code{monthsSinceY2K}}{months since 2000 (\code{Utilities2} only)}
#' }
#'
#' @source
#' Daniel T. Kaplan, \emph{Statistical modeling: A fresh approach}, 2009.
#'
#' @examples
#' data(Utilities2)
#' if (require(ggformula)) {
#' gf_point(gasbillpday ~ temp, data = Utilities2)
#' }
#'
#' @seealso \code{\link{Utilities}}.
#' @keywords datasets
NA
#' Data from the Whickham survey
#'
#' Data on age, smoking, and mortality
#' from a one-in-six survey of the electoral roll
#' in Whickham, a mixed urban and rural district near Newcastle upon
#' Tyne, in the UK. The survey was conducted in 1972-1974 to study
#' heart disease and thyroid disease. A follow-up on those in the
#' survey was conducted twenty years later.
#'
#' @name Whickham
#' @usage data(Whickham)
#' @docType data
#' @format
#' A data frame with 1314 observations on women for the following variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{outcome}}{survival status after 20 years: a factor with levels \code{Alive} \code{Dead}}
#' \item{\code{smoker}}{smoking status at baseline: a factor with levels \code{No} \code{Yes}}
#' \item{\code{age}}{age (in years) at the time of the first survey}
#' }
#'
#' @details
#' This dataset contains a
#' subset of the survey sample: women who were classified as current
#' smokers or as never having smoked.
#' The data were
#' synthesized from the summary description tables given
#' in the Appleton et al al paper.
#'
#' @references
#' DR Appleton, JM French, MPJ Vanderpump. "Ignoring a covariate: an example
#' of Simpson's paradox". (1996)
#' \emph{American Statistician}, 50(4):340-341.
#'
#' @examples
#' data(Whickham)
#'
#' @keywords datasets
NA
#' Snowfall data for Grand Rapids, MI
#'
#' Official snowfall data by month and season for Grand Rapids, MI, going back to 1893.
#'
#' @name SnowGR
#' @usage data(SnowGR)
#' @docType data
#' @format
#' A data frame with 119 observations of the following variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{SeasonStart}}{Year in which season started (July is start of season)}
#' \item{\code{SeasonEnd}}{Year in which season ended (June is end of season)}
#' \item{\code{Jul}}{Inches of snow in July}
#' \item{\code{Aug}}{Inches of snow in August}
#' \item{\code{Sep}}{Inches of snow in September}
#' \item{\code{Oct}}{Inches of snow in October}
#' \item{\code{Nov}}{Inches of snow in November}
#' \item{\code{Dec}}{Inches of snow in December}
#' \item{\code{Jan}}{Inches of snow in January}
#' \item{\code{Feb}}{Inches of snow in February}
#' \item{\code{Mar}}{Inches of snow in March}
#' \item{\code{Apr}}{Inches of snow in April}
#' \item{\code{May}}{Inches of snow in May}
#' \item{\code{Jun}}{Inches of snow in June}
#' \item{\code{Total}}{Inches of snow for entire season (July-June)}
#' }
#'
#' @source
#' These data were compiled by Laura Kapitula from data available
#' from NOAA. The original URL used
#' (http://www.crh.noaa.gov/grr/climate/data/grr/snowfall/)
#' is no longer in service.
#'
#' @examples
#' data(SnowGR)
#' if (require(ggformula)) {
#' df_stats(~ Total, data = SnowGR)
#' gf_histogram( ~ Total, data = SnowGR)
#' gf_point(Total ~ SeasonStart, data = SnowGR) |>
#' gf_smooth()
#'
#' if (require(tidyr) && require(dplyr)) {
#' Snow2 <-
#' SnowGR |>
#' pivot_longer(Jul:Total, names_to = "month", values_to = "snowfall") |>
#' filter(month != "Total") |>
#' mutate(month = factor(month, levels = unique(month)))
#' gf_violin(snowfall ~ month, data = Snow2, scale = "width")
#' }
#' }
#'
#' @keywords datasets
NA
#' 100 m Swimming World Records
#'
#' World records for men and women over time from 1905 through 2004.
#'
#' @name SwimRecords
#' @usage data(SwimRecords)
#' @docType data
#' @format
#' A data frame with 62 observations of the following variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{time}}{time (in seconds) of the world record}
#' \item{\code{year}}{Year in which the record was set}
#' \item{\code{sex}}{a factor with levels \code{M} and \code{F}}
#' }
#'
#' @examples
#' data(SwimRecords)
#' if (require(ggformula)) {
#' gf_point(time ~ year, data = SwimRecords, color = ~ sex)
#' }
#'
#' @keywords datasets
NA
#' CoolingWater
#'
#' Temperature of a mug of water as it cools
#'
#' @name CoolingWater
#' @usage data(CoolingWater)
#' @docType data
#' @format
#' A data frame with 222 observations of the following variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{time}}{time in minutes}
#' \item{\code{temp}}{temperature in Celsius}
#' }
#' @source
#' These data were collected Stan Wagon to help his
#' mathematical modeling students explore Newton's
#' Law of Cooling and the ways that the law is really
#' only an approximation. More about Stan: \url{http://stanwagon.com}.
#' @details
#' The water was poured into a mug and a temperature probe inserted into
#' the water with a few seconds of the pour.
#' @examples
#' data(CoolingWater)
#' if (require(ggformula)) {
#' gf_point(temp ~ time, data = CoolingWater, alpha = 0.5)
#' }
#'
#' @keywords datasets
NA
#' Volume of Users of a Massachusetts Rail Trail
#'
#'The Pioneer Valley Planning Commission (PVPC) collected data north of
#' Chestnut Street in Florence, MA for ninety days from April 5, 2005 to
#' November 15, 2005. Data collectors set up a laser sensor, with breaks in the laser beam
#' recording when a rail-trail user passed the data collection station.
#' @docType data
#' @name Riders
#' @usage data(Riders)
#' @format
#' A data frame with 90 observations on the following 12 variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{date}}{date of data collection (POSIXct)}
#' \item{\code{day}}{a factor with levels \code{Monday}, \code{Tuesday}, \code{Wednesday},
#' \code{Thursday}, \code{Friday}, \code{Saturday}, and \code{Sunday}.}
#' \item{\code{highT}}{high temperature for the day (in degrees Fahrenheit)}
#' \item{\code{lowT}}{low temperature for the day (in degrees Fahrenheit)}
#' \item{\code{hi}}{shorter name for \code{highT}}
#' \item{\code{lo}}{shorter name for \code{lowT}}
#' \item{\code{precip}}{inches of precipitation}
#' \item{\code{clouds}}{measure of cloud cover (in oktas)}
#' \item{\code{riders}}{estimated number of trail crossings that day (number of breaks recorded)}
#' \item{\code{ct}}{shorter name for \code{riders}}
#' \item{\code{weekday}}{type of day: a factor with levels \code{N} (weekend or holiday)
#' \code{Y} (non-holiday weekday)}
#' \item{\code{wday}}{shorter name for \code{weekday}}
#' }
#' @details
#' There is a potential for error when two users trigger the infrared beam at exactly the same time
#' since the counter would only logs one of the crossings. The collectors left the motion detector
#' out during the winter, but because the counter drops data when the temperature falls below 14
#' degrees Fahrenheit, there are no data for the coldest winter months.
#'
#' @source
#' Pioneer Valley Planning Commission,
#' http://www.fvgreenway.org/pdfs/Northampton-Bikepath-Volume-Counts%20_05_LTA.pdf
#'
#' @references
#' "Rail trails and property values: Is there an association?",
#' Nicholas J. Horton and Ella Hartenian (Journal of Statistics Education, 2015),
#' http://www.amstat.org/publications/jse/v23n2/horton.pdf
#'
#' @examples
#' data(Riders)
#' str(Riders)
#'
NA
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