R/convertNewClimate.R
In pik-piam/mrremind: MadRat REMIND Input Data Package
Defines functions
convertNewClimate
Documented in
convertNewClimate
#' Policy targets for NDCs from UNFCCC_NDC
#' @description Converts conditional and unconditional capacity targets into total capacity (GW) in target year
#' the Generation targets are similar to the capacity targets but include the capacity factors,
#' the Emissions targets are the total (except land CO2) emissions in the target year
#' @param x MAgPIE object to be converted
#' @param subtype Capacity_YYYY_cond or Capacity_YYYY_uncond for Capacity Targets, Emissions_YYYY_cond or
#' Emissions_YYYY_uncond for Emissions targets, with YYYY NDC version year
#' @param subset A string (or vector of strings) designating the scenario(s) to be returned.
#' @return Magpie object with Total Installed Capacity (GW) targets, target years differ depending upon the database.
#' @author Rahel Mandaroux, Léa Hayez, Falk Benke
convertNewClimate <- function(x, subtype, subset) { # nolint: object_name_linter.
if (grepl("Capacity", subtype, fixed = TRUE)) {
# add missing magclass columns if they were not in the data provided to avoid index out of bound errors
targetTypes <- c("AC-Absolute", "Production-Absolute", "TIC-Absolute", "FE-Production-Share")
if (!all(getNames(x, dim = 2) %in% targetTypes)) {
warning(
"Table read from NewClimate contains unknown target types: ",
targetTypes[which(!(getNames(x, dim = 2) %in% targetTypes))]
)
}
techList <- c("Wind", "Onshore wind energy", "Offshore wind energy", "Solar photovoltaic", "Concentrated solar power", "Biomass",
"Nuclear", "Hydro", "Geothermal", "Coal")
listAllCombinations <- do.call(paste, c(expand.grid(getNames(x, fulldim = TRUE)$Conditionality, targetTypes, techList), sep = "."))
missingCombinations <- listAllCombinations[!listAllCombinations %in% getNames(x)]
x <- add_columns(x, addnm = missingCombinations, dim = 3, fill = NA)
if (grepl("uncond", subtype, fixed = TRUE)) { # unconditional policies
x <- x[, , "conditional", invert = TRUE, drop = TRUE] # keep only unconditional policies
} else { # conditional policies
# loop to make conditional targets at least as good as unconditional targets
for (r in getItems(x, dim = "ISO")) {
for (t in getItems(x, dim = "Target Year")) {
for (tech in getNames(x[, , "conditional", drop = TRUE])) {
if (is.na(x[r, t, "conditional"][, , tech])) {
x[r, t, "conditional"][, , tech] <- x[r, t, "unconditional"][, , tech]
}
}
}
}
x <- x[, , "unconditional", invert = TRUE, drop = TRUE] # keep only conditional policies
}
# TODO: is this still needed?
if ("FE-Production-Share" %in% getNames(x[, , ], fulldim = TRUE)$`Type of target`) {
warning("FE-Production-Share currently not implemented.")
}
x[is.na(x)] <- 0 # Converting all NAs to zero
# generate target years, at least to 2035, but allow every year in x to be rounded up to next fiver
targetYears <- seq(2020, max(max(getYears(x, as.integer = TRUE)), 4 + max(getYears(x, as.integer = TRUE))), by = 5)
# include EU targets
EUR_NPi_countries <- c("POL", "CZE", "ROU", "BGR", "HUN", "SVK", "LTU", "EST", "SVN",
"LVA", "DEU", "FRA", "ITA", "ESP", "NLD", "BEL", "GRC", "AUT",
"PRT", "FIN", "SWE", "IRL", "DNK", "LUX", "CYP", "MLT", "JEY",
"FRO", "GIB", "GGY", "IMN", "HRV")
# split EUR targets equally across EUR countries
rel <- data.frame(from = "EUR", to = EUR_NPi_countries)
weight <- new.magpie(cells_and_regions = EUR_NPi_countries, fill = 1)
euTargets <- toolAggregate(x["EUR", , ], rel = rel, weight = weight)
x <- x["EUR", , , invert = TRUE]
x <- mbind(x, euTargets)
# generate new object x_mod5 that has values only for targetYears and transfer those from x
x_mod5 <- new.magpie(getItems(x, dim = "ISO"), targetYears, getNames(x), fill = 0)
commonYears <- intersect(getYears(x, as.integer = TRUE), targetYears)
x_mod5[, commonYears, ] <- x[, commonYears, ]
# for non-fiver years, transfer them to following fiver year, increasing every year by 5 percentage points
# if 2032 and 2035 data are given for the same country, use the higher value (apply max row-wise).
for (i in setdiff(getYears(x, as.integer = TRUE), targetYears)) {
x_mod5[, i - (i %% 5) + 5, ] <- apply(matrix(c(as.vector(x_mod5[, i - (i %% 5) + 5, ]), as.vector(x[, i, ]) * (1 + (5 - (i %% 5)) * 0.05)), ncol = 2), 1, max)
}
# Creating magpie object which at the end will only contain capacity targets
x_capacity <- new.magpie(getItems(x_mod5, dim = "region"), targetYears, techList, fill = 0)
# reading historical data
hist_cap <- readSource("IRENA", subtype = "Capacity") / 1000 # converting from MW to GW
hist_gen <- readSource("IRENA", subtype = "Generation") # Units are GWh
# Real world capacity factor for hydro = Generation in last year/Capacity in last year
cf_hydro_realworld <- hist_gen[, 2015, "Renewable hydropower"] / (8760 * hist_cap[, 2015, "Renewable hydropower"])
cf_hydro_realworld[is.na(cf_hydro_realworld) | is.infinite(cf_hydro_realworld)] <- 0
getNames(cf_hydro_realworld) <- "Hydro"
# Capacity factors in REMIND. From : calcOutput("Capacityfactor"...) need to be verified!
cf_biomass <- 0.75
cf_nuclear <- 0.85
cf_coal <- 0.8
cf_hydro <- max(cf_hydro_realworld) + 0 * cf_hydro_realworld
# using cf_hydro_realworld directly causes converges errors because some are very small. Second term needed such that cf_hydro has right structure
# Initialising all capacities for all model years to current capacities and converting generation to capacity
# EU target
IrenaTech <- c("Wind", "Onshore wind energy", "Offshore wind energy", "Solar photovoltaic", "Concentrated solar power", "Geothermal")
x_capacity[, , IrenaTech] <- setYears(hist_cap[getItems(x_mod5, dim = "region"), 2015, IrenaTech])
x_capacity[, , "Biomass"] <- setYears(hist_cap[getItems(x_mod5, dim = "region"), 2015, "Bioenergy"])
# special case for hydro.
x_capacity[, , "Hydro"] <- setYears(hist_gen[getItems(x_capacity, dim = "region"), 2015, "Renewable hydropower"])
# Special case for nuclear
# TODO: nuclear is total generation check if fits with electricity targets!
hist_gen_fossil <- readSource("BP", subtype = "Generation") * 1000 # TWh to GWh
for (i in targetYears) {
for (j in getNames(x_mod5[, , c("Nuclear", "Coal")])) {
for (k in getItems(x_mod5, dim = "region")) {
if (x_mod5[k, i, j] != 0) {
x_capacity[k, , "Nuclear"] <- setYears(hist_gen_fossil[k, 2015, "Generation|Nuclear (TWh)"]) / (8760 * cf_nuclear)
}
x_capacity[k, , "Coal"] <- setYears(hist_gen_fossil[k, 2015, "Generation|Electricity|Coal (TWh)"]) / (8760 * cf_nuclear)
}
}
}
x_current <- x_capacity # x_current contains current capacities except for hydro where current generation values are taken
x_capacity_abs <- 0 * x_capacity
x_capacity_prod_nb <- 0 * x_capacity
x_capacity_tic <- 0 * x_capacity
x_capacity_prod_swh <- 0 * x_capacity
# Converting additional capacity targets to absolute capacity targets
BPtech <- c("Nuclear", "Coal")
usedTech <- c(IrenaTech, BPtech, "Biomass")
absUsedTech <- paste("AC-Absolute.", usedTech, sep = "")
x_capacity_abs[, , usedTech] <- x_current[, , usedTech] +
x_mod5[, , absUsedTech, drop = TRUE]
# to do @Falk relative calculation is not correct
# currently it (adds additional capacity to historical of 2015), not to base
x_capacity_abs[, , "Hydro"] <- x_current[, , "Hydro"] + x_mod5[, , "AC-Absolute.Hydro", drop = TRUE] * setYears(cf_hydro[getItems(x_mod5, dim = "region"), , ] * 8760)
# Converting Production targets (GWh) to Capacity targets (TIC-Absolute) (GW) for nuclear and biomass
# pmax used to always take the higher value from existing capacity and new capacity (from production)
x_capacity_prod_nb[, , "Nuclear"] <- pmax(x_current[, , "Nuclear"], x_mod5[, , c("Production-Absolute.Nuclear")] / (8760 * cf_nuclear))
x_capacity_prod_nb[, , "Coal"] <- pmax(x_current[, , "Coal"], x_mod5[, , c("Production-Absolute.Coal")] / (8760 * cf_coal))
x_capacity_prod_nb[, , "Biomass"] <- pmax(x_current[, , "Biomass"], x_mod5[, , c("Production-Absolute.Biomass")] / (8760 * cf_biomass))
# Total installed capacity Targets
# target in target year should be the maximum from the target year and the current capacity
x_capacity_tic[, , usedTech] <- pmax(x_current[, , usedTech], x_mod5[, , usedTech][, , "TIC-Absolute", drop = TRUE])
x_capacity_tic[, , "Hydro"] <- pmax(x_current[, , "Hydro"], x_mod5[, , "TIC-Absolute.Hydro", drop = TRUE] * setYears(cf_hydro[getItems(x_mod5, dim = "region"), , ]))
# Converting Production targets to capacity targets for solar (pv and csp), hydro, and wind
# Obtaining the capacity factors (nur) values and associated maxproduction (maxprod) for Hydro, Wind, and Solar
data_wind <- calcOutput("PotentialWindOn", aggregate = FALSE)
# Reordering dim=3 for data_wind so that 1st position corresponds to maxprod.nur.1 and not maxprod.nur.9
data_wind_sorted <- mbind(
data_wind[, , "1"], data_wind[, , "2"], data_wind[, , "3"], data_wind[, , "4"],
data_wind[, , "5"], data_wind[, , "6"], data_wind[, , "7"], data_wind[, , "8"], data_wind[, , "9"]
)
data_hydro <- calcOutput("PotentialHydro", aggregate = FALSE)
data_solar <- calcOutput("Solar", regionmapping = "regionmappingTCD.csv")
names_solar <- paste0("Solar.", getNames(collapseNames((mselect(data_solar, type = c("nur", "maxprod"), technology = "spv")), collapsedim = 2)))
names_hydro <- paste0("Hydro.", getNames(data_hydro))
names_wind <- paste0("Wind.", getNames(data_wind_sorted))
data_combined <- new.magpie(getItems(data_hydro, dim = "region"), NULL, c(names_solar, names_hydro, names_wind))
data_combined[, , "Hydro"] <- data_hydro
data_combined[, , "Wind"] <- data_wind_sorted
data_combined[c("TCD", "JPN"), , "Solar"][, , "maxprod"] <- as.vector(data_solar[c("TCD", "JPN"), , "maxprod"][, , "spv"])
data_combined[c("TCD", "JPN"), , "Solar"][, , "nur"] <- as.vector(data_solar[c("TCD", "JPN"), , "nur"][, , "spv"])
data_combined <- data_combined[getItems(x_mod5, dim = "region"), , ]
for (n in getNames(data_combined, dim = 1)) {
name <- paste0(n, ".maxprod")
# Conversion from EJ/a to GWh
data_combined[, , name, pmatch = TRUE] <- data_combined[, , name, pmatch = TRUE] * 277777.778
}
data_combined[is.na(data_combined)] <- 0
# Production/Generation targets are converted into capacity targets by alloting production to certain capacity factors based on maxprod.
final <- numeric(length(getItems(x_mod5, dim = "region")))
names(final) <- getItems(x_mod5, dim = "region")
tmp_target <- numeric(10)
x_mod5[, , "Production-Absolute.Hydro"] <- pmax(x_mod5[, , "Production-Absolute.Hydro"], x_capacity_tic[, , "Hydro"], x_capacity_abs[, , "Hydro"])
x_mod5[is.na(x_mod5)] <- 0
# For all countries which have non-zero generation values but zero or negative maxprod(),
# replace x_mod5[,,"Production-Absolute.Hydro]==0
# Even if there is one +ve production absolute value for Hydro but all maxprod are zero
for (r in names(final)) {
if (any(x_mod5[r, , "Production-Absolute.Hydro"] != 0) &&
all(data_combined[r, , "Hydro.maxprod"] == 0) || any(data_combined[r, , "Hydro.maxprod"] < 0)) {
x_mod5[r, , "Production-Absolute.Hydro"] <- 0
}
}
for (t in c("Solar photovoltaic", "Wind", "Hydro")) {
# no pure Solar in REMIND technology
getNames(data_combined, dim = 1) <- c("Solar photovoltaic", "Hydro", "Wind")
data_sel <- data_combined[, , t]
data_in_use <- data_sel[, , "maxprod"] / data_sel[, , "nur"]
for (y in targetYears) {
final[] <- 0
for (r in names(final)) {
tmp_target <- numeric(10)
name <- paste0(t, ".maxprod")
name2 <- paste0("Production-Absolute.", t)
if (!R.utils::isZero(x_mod5[, , "Production-Absolute"][, , t])[r, y, ] &&
dimSums(data_combined[r, , name], na.rm = TRUE) > max(x_mod5[r, , name2])) {
# extracting the first non-zero location of maxprod
name <- paste0(t, ".maxprod")
loc <- min(which(!R.utils::isZero(data_combined[r, , name, pmatch = TRUE])))
tmp_target[1] <- x_mod5[r, y, "Production-Absolute"][, , t]
if (data_sel[r, , "maxprod"][, , loc] > tmp_target[1]) {
final[r] <- tmp_target[1] / (8760 * data_sel[r, , "nur"][, , loc])
} else {
tmp_target[2] <- tmp_target[1] - data_sel[r, , "maxprod"][, , loc]
if (data_sel[r, , "maxprod"][, , loc + 1] > tmp_target[2]) {
final[r] <- (1 / 8760) * (data_in_use[r, , ][, , loc] + tmp_target[1] / data_sel[r, , "nur"][, , loc + 1])
} else {
tmp_target[3] <- tmp_target[2] - data_sel[r, , "maxprod"][, , loc + 1]
if (data_sel[r, , "maxprod"][, , loc + 2] > tmp_target[3]) {
final[r] <- (1 / 8760) * (data_in_use[r, , ][, , loc] + data_in_use[r, , ][, , loc + 1]
+ tmp_target[2] / data_sel[r, , "nur"][, , loc + 2])
} else {
tmp_target[4] <- tmp_target[3] - data_sel[r, , "maxprod"][, , loc + 2]
if (data_sel[r, , "maxprod"][, , loc + 3] > tmp_target[4]) {
final[r] <- (1 / 8760) * (data_in_use[r, , ][, , loc] + data_in_use[r, , ][, , loc + 1] + data_in_use[r, , ][, , loc + 2] +
tmp_target[3] / data_sel[r, , "nur"][, , loc + 3])
final[r] <- tmp_target[1]
} else {
tmp_target[5] <- tmp_target[4] - data_sel[r, , "maxprod"][, , loc + 3]
if (data_sel[r, , "maxprod"][loc + 4] > tmp_target[5]) {
final[r] <- (1 / 8760) * (data_in_use[r, , ][, , loc] + data_in_use[r, , ][, , loc + 1] + data_in_use[r, , ][, , loc + 2] +
data_in_use[r, , ][, , loc + 3] + tmp_target[4] / data_sel[r, , "nur"][, , loc + 4])
} else {
tmp_target[6] <- tmp_target[5] - data_sel[r, , "maxprod"][, , loc + 4]
if (data_sel[r, , "maxprod"][loc + 5] > tmp_target[6]) {
final[r] <- (1 / 8760) * (data_in_use[r, , ][, , loc] + data_in_use[r, , ][, , loc + 1] + data_in_use[r, , ][, , loc + 2] +
data_in_use[r, , ][, , loc + 3] + data_in_use[r, , ][, , loc + 4] +
tmp_target[5] / data_sel[r, , "nur"][, , loc + 5])
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
x_capacity_prod_swh[, y, t] <- final
}
}
x_capacity_gen <- mbind(x_capacity_prod_swh[, , c("Solar photovoltaic", "Concentrated solar power", "Wind", "Hydro",
"Onshore wind energy", "Offshore wind energy", "Geothermal")],
x_capacity_prod_nb[, , c("Biomass", "Nuclear", "Coal")])
x_capacity[, , usedTech] <- pmax(x_capacity_abs[, , usedTech],
x_capacity_gen[, , usedTech],
x_capacity_tic[, , usedTech])
x_capacity[, , "Hydro"] <- x_capacity_gen[, , "Hydro"]
# Making sure that targets in subsequent years are always same or greater than the proceeding year
for (r in getItems(x_mod5, dim = "region")) {
for (t in techList) {
for (i in utils::head(targetYears, -1)) {
if (x_capacity[r, i + 5, t] < setYears(x_capacity[r, i, t])) {
x_capacity[r, i + 5, t] <- setYears(x_capacity[r, i, t])
} else {
x_capacity[r, i, t] <- x_capacity[r, i, t]
}
}
}
}
# countries not in the database
rest_regions <- getItems(hist_cap, dim = "Country/area")[!(getItems(hist_cap, dim = "Country/area") %in% getItems(x_capacity, dim = "region"))]
x_other <- new.magpie(rest_regions, targetYears, techList)
x_other[, , IrenaTech] <- setYears(hist_cap[rest_regions, 2015, IrenaTech])
x_other[, , "Nuclear"] <- 0
x_other[, , "Coal"] <- 0 # unclear if correct, need to see how it will be processed in calcfun
# if min target is it wrong, can also leave out coal target for now!!!
x_other[, , "Biomass"] <- setYears(hist_cap[rest_regions, 2015, "Bioenergy"])
x_other[, , "Hydro"] <- setYears(hist_cap[rest_regions, 2015, "Renewable hydropower"]) * setYears(cf_hydro[rest_regions, , ])
x_final <- magpiesort(mbind(x_capacity, x_other))
x_final[is.na(x_final)] <- 0
x <- toolCountryFill(x_final, fill = NA, verbosity = 2) # will be returned
getNames(x) <- c("wind", "windon", "windoff", "spv", "csp", "bioigcc", "tnrs", "hydro", "geohdr", "coalchp")
# end subtype contains Capacity
} else if (grepl("Emissions", subtype, fixed = TRUE)) { # calculate emissions in target year relative to 2005 emissions
reductionData <- x
### Import historical data (gdp and emi) needed for the calculations
# Historical emissions for 1990-2015 - co2 (excl LU),ch4,n2o (so far no Fgas historic time series)
ceds <- calcOutput("Emissions", datasource = "CEDS2REMIND", aggregate = FALSE)
gwpCH4 <- 28 # "Global Warming Potentials of CH4, AR5 WG1 CH08 Table 8.7" /28/
gwpN2O <- 265 # "Global Warming Potentials of N2O, AR5 WG1 CH08 Table 8.7" /265/
# calculate GHG total of CO2, CH4 and N2O [unit Mt CO2eq]
ghg <- ceds[, seq(1990, 2015, 1), c("Emi|CO2|Energy and Industrial Processes (Mt CO2/yr)")] +
+gwpN2O / 1000 * dimSums(ceds[, seq(1990, 2015, 1), c("Emi|N2O|Energy and Industrial Processes (kt N2O/yr)",
"Emi|N2O|Land Use|Agriculture and Biomass Burning (kt N2O/yr)",
"Emi|N2O|Land Use|Forest Burning (kt N2O/yr)",
"Emi|N2O|Land Use|Grassland Burning (kt N2O/yr)",
"Emi|N2O|Waste (kt N2O/yr)")], dim = 3) +
+gwpCH4 * dimSums(ceds[, seq(1990, 2015, 1), c("Emi|CH4|Energy and Industrial Processes (Mt CH4/yr)",
"Emi|CH4|Land Use|Agriculture and Biomass Burning (Mt CH4/yr)",
"Emi|CH4|Land Use|Forest Burning (Mt CH4/yr)",
"Emi|CH4|Land Use|Grassland Burning (Mt CH4/yr)",
"Emi|CH4|Waste (Mt CH4/yr)")], dim = 3)
# Future GDP values
gdp <- calcOutput("GDP", scenario = subset, aggregate = FALSE)
# Define EU countries + croatia for special treatment because of joint NDC
EUR_NDC_countries <- c("POL", "CZE", "ROU", "BGR", "HUN", "SVK", "LTU", "EST", "SVN",
"LVA", "DEU", "FRA", "ITA", "ESP", "NLD", "BEL", "GRC", "AUT",
"PRT", "FIN", "SWE", "IRL", "DNK", "LUX", "CYP", "MLT", "JEY",
"FRO", "GIB", "GGY", "IMN", "HRV")
# NDC Types, order must be exactly the same as in readUNFCCC_NDC.R!
allowedType <- c("GHG-Absolute", "GHG", "GHG/GDP", "CO2/GDP", "GHG-fixed-total", "GHG/CAP")
# define function that calculates ghgfactor compared to 2005 for each regi and year, taken into account different Types
calcGhgfactor <- function(data) {
if (nregions(data) != 1 || nyears(data) != 1) {
warning("function calcGhgfactor(data) should be called with one single region and year as data only")
}
regi <- getItems(data, dim = "ISO_Code")
year <- getYears(data)
ghgtarget <- NA
if (allowedType[data[regi, year, "Type"]] == "GHG-Absolute") {
if (data[regi, year, "Reference_Year"] == -1) { # -1 if BAU;
if (!is.na(data[regi, year, "BAU_or_Reference_emissions_in_MtCO2e"])) { # ignore if no BAU emissions given
ghgtarget <- data[regi, year, "BAU_or_Reference_emissions_in_MtCO2e"] + data[regi, year, uncond_or_cond]
}
} else { # use historic ghg data for Reference_Year, not those given in the database
ghgtarget <- setYears(ghg[regi, min(data[regi, year, "Reference_Year"], max(getYears(ghg, as.integer = TRUE))), ], NULL) + data[regi, year, uncond_or_cond]
}
} else if (allowedType[data[regi, year, "Type"]] == "GHG") { # relative change of GHG
if (data[regi, year, "Reference_Year"] == -1) { # -1 if BAU.
if (!is.na(data[regi, year, "BAU_or_Reference_emissions_in_MtCO2e"])) { # ignore if no BAU emissions given
ghgtarget <- data[regi, year, "BAU_or_Reference_emissions_in_MtCO2e"] * (1 + data[regi, year, uncond_or_cond])
}
} else { # then Reference_Year contains a year
ghgtarget <- setYears(ghg[regi, min(data[regi, year, "Reference_Year"], max(getYears(ghg, as.integer = TRUE))), ], NULL) * (1 + data[regi, year, uncond_or_cond])
}
} else if (allowedType[data[regi, year, "Type"]] %in% c("GHG/GDP", "CO2/GDP")) { # OR: Why no distinction?
if (!is.na(data[regi, year, "BAU_or_Reference_emissions_in_MtCO2e"])) { # ignore if no BAU emissions given
ghgtarget <- data[regi, year, "BAU_or_Reference_emissions_in_MtCO2e"] + data[regi, year, uncond_or_cond]
} else {
ghgtarget <- (1 + data[regi, year, uncond_or_cond]) * gdp[regi, year, ] / setYears(gdp[regi, round(as.numeric(data[regi, year, "Reference_Year"]) / 5) * 5, ], NULL) * setYears(ghg[regi, as.numeric(data[regi, year, "Reference_Year"]), ], NULL)
}
} else if (allowedType[data[regi, year, "Type"]] == "GHG-fixed-total") {
ghgtarget <- data[regi, year, uncond_or_cond]
} else {
warning("Unknown Type for regi ", regi, " and year ", year, ": ", data[regi, year, "Type"], " / ", allowedType[data[regi, year, "Type"]], " (note: GHG/CAP currently not implemented)")
}
# return ghgtarget
return(ghgtarget)
} # end of function calc_ghgfactor
# countries with known NDC/2005 ratios bigger than 2.5 or less than 0
knownhigh <- list("IND" = c("y2030"))
knownlow <- list("GAB" = c("y2050"))
# ghgfactor compared to 2005, first set to NA
# this copy of the gdp structure is needed because of the different SSP
ghgfactor <- gdp[unique(c(getItems(reductionData, dim = "ISO_Code")[getItems(reductionData, dim = "ISO_Code") != "EUR"],
EUR_NDC_countries)), getYears(reductionData), ]
ghgfactor[, , ] <- NA
# define string that can be used to assess magpie variables
uncond_or_cond <- ifelse(length(grep("uncond", subtype)) == 0, "Conditional", "Unconditional")
# loop through regions and years
for (regi in getItems(reductionData, dim = "ISO_Code")) {
for (year in getYears(reductionData)) {
if (!is.na(reductionData[regi, year, uncond_or_cond])[1]) { # check whether a target exists
if (regi != "EUR") { # call function calc_ghgfactor and divide by 2005 ghg data to get the ghgfactor
# move it to a year REMIND understands
newyear <- as.numeric(gsub("y", "", year))
newyear <- if (newyear < 2060) ceiling((newyear - 1) / 5) * 5 else ceiling((newyear - 2) / 10) * 10
ghgfactor[regi, newyear, ] <- calcGhgfactor(reductionData[regi, year, ]) / setYears(ghg[regi, 2005, ], NULL)
ghgfactormax <- max(c(0, as.numeric(ghgfactor[regi, newyear, ])), na.rm = TRUE)
if (isTRUE(ghgfactormax > 2.5) && !year %in% knownhigh[[regi]]) {
message("For ", regi, " in ", year, ", ghgfactor=", ghgfactormax, " is above 2.5 and will be dropped.")
}
ghgfactormin <- min(c(0, as.numeric(ghgfactor[regi, newyear, ])), na.rm = TRUE)
if (isTRUE(ghgfactormin < 0) && !year %in% knownlow[[regi]]) {
warning(
"For ", regi, " in ", year, ", ghgfactor=", ghgfactormin, " is below 0. ",
"Is the country really promising negative net emissions? Add it to 'knownlow' in calcEmiTarget."
)
}
}
}
}
}
for (year in getYears(reductionData)) { # assign EUR NDC goal to all EUR28 countries
if (!is.na(reductionData["EUR", year, uncond_or_cond])[1]) { # check whether a target exists
if (allowedType[reductionData["EUR", year, "Type"]] == "GHG") {
ghggoal <- (1 + reductionData["EUR", year, uncond_or_cond]) * setYears(ghg[EUR_NDC_countries, min(reductionData["EUR", year, "Reference_Year"], max(getYears(ghg, as.integer = TRUE))), ], NULL)
ghgfactor[EUR_NDC_countries, year, ] <- ghggoal / setYears(ghg[EUR_NDC_countries, 2005, ], NULL)
} else if (allowedType[reductionData["EUR", year, "Type"]] == "GHG-fixed-total") {
ghg_EUR_2005 <- sum(setYears(ghg[EUR_NDC_countries, 2005, ], NULL))
ghgfactor[EUR_NDC_countries, year, ] <- reductionData["EUR", year, uncond_or_cond] / ghg_EUR_2005
} else {
warning(
"Calculation assumes EU target is GHG or GHG-fixed-total, but database says ",
reductionData["EUR", year, "Type"], ". Please check or exjust calcEmiTarget!"
)
}
}
}
# exclude country targets with factor higher than 2.5, which is about the highest region average BAU growth rate (but always use China and India)
for (regi in getItems(ghgfactor, dim = "iso3c")) {
if (!regi %in% c("IND", "CHN")) {
ghgfactor[regi, , ][ghgfactor[regi, , ] > 2.5] <- NA
}
}
x <- toolCountryFill(ghgfactor, fill = NA, verbosity = 2)
} # end subtype = Emissions_all
# add NDC_version from subtype to allow for distinction of NDC version in calcEmiTarget/calcCapTarget
NDC_version <- paste(unlist(strsplit(subtype, "_"))[-1], collapse = "_")
getNames(x) <- paste(NDC_version, getNames(x), sep = ".")
return(x)
}
pik-piam/mrremind documentation built on April 12, 2025, 12:02 a.m.
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Defines functions convertNewClimate
Documented in convertNewClimate
#' Policy targets for NDCs from UNFCCC_NDC
#' @description Converts conditional and unconditional capacity targets into total capacity (GW) in target year
#' the Generation targets are similar to the capacity targets but include the capacity factors,
#' the Emissions targets are the total (except land CO2) emissions in the target year
#' @param x MAgPIE object to be converted
#' @param subtype Capacity_YYYY_cond or Capacity_YYYY_uncond for Capacity Targets, Emissions_YYYY_cond or
#' Emissions_YYYY_uncond for Emissions targets, with YYYY NDC version year
#' @param subset A string (or vector of strings) designating the scenario(s) to be returned.
#' @return Magpie object with Total Installed Capacity (GW) targets, target years differ depending upon the database.
#' @author Rahel Mandaroux, Léa Hayez, Falk Benke
convertNewClimate <- function(x, subtype, subset) { # nolint: object_name_linter.
if (grepl("Capacity", subtype, fixed = TRUE)) {
# add missing magclass columns if they were not in the data provided to avoid index out of bound errors
targetTypes <- c("AC-Absolute", "Production-Absolute", "TIC-Absolute", "FE-Production-Share")
if (!all(getNames(x, dim = 2) %in% targetTypes)) {
warning(
"Table read from NewClimate contains unknown target types: ",
targetTypes[which(!(getNames(x, dim = 2) %in% targetTypes))]
)
}
techList <- c("Wind", "Onshore wind energy", "Offshore wind energy", "Solar photovoltaic", "Concentrated solar power", "Biomass",
"Nuclear", "Hydro", "Geothermal", "Coal")
listAllCombinations <- do.call(paste, c(expand.grid(getNames(x, fulldim = TRUE)$Conditionality, targetTypes, techList), sep = "."))
missingCombinations <- listAllCombinations[!listAllCombinations %in% getNames(x)]
x <- add_columns(x, addnm = missingCombinations, dim = 3, fill = NA)
if (grepl("uncond", subtype, fixed = TRUE)) { # unconditional policies
x <- x[, , "conditional", invert = TRUE, drop = TRUE] # keep only unconditional policies
} else { # conditional policies
# loop to make conditional targets at least as good as unconditional targets
for (r in getItems(x, dim = "ISO")) {
for (t in getItems(x, dim = "Target Year")) {
for (tech in getNames(x[, , "conditional", drop = TRUE])) {
if (is.na(x[r, t, "conditional"][, , tech])) {
x[r, t, "conditional"][, , tech] <- x[r, t, "unconditional"][, , tech]
}
}
}
}
x <- x[, , "unconditional", invert = TRUE, drop = TRUE] # keep only conditional policies
}
# TODO: is this still needed?
if ("FE-Production-Share" %in% getNames(x[, , ], fulldim = TRUE)$`Type of target`) {
warning("FE-Production-Share currently not implemented.")
}
x[is.na(x)] <- 0 # Converting all NAs to zero
# generate target years, at least to 2035, but allow every year in x to be rounded up to next fiver
targetYears <- seq(2020, max(max(getYears(x, as.integer = TRUE)), 4 + max(getYears(x, as.integer = TRUE))), by = 5)
# include EU targets
EUR_NPi_countries <- c("POL", "CZE", "ROU", "BGR", "HUN", "SVK", "LTU", "EST", "SVN",
"LVA", "DEU", "FRA", "ITA", "ESP", "NLD", "BEL", "GRC", "AUT",
"PRT", "FIN", "SWE", "IRL", "DNK", "LUX", "CYP", "MLT", "JEY",
"FRO", "GIB", "GGY", "IMN", "HRV")
# split EUR targets equally across EUR countries
rel <- data.frame(from = "EUR", to = EUR_NPi_countries)
weight <- new.magpie(cells_and_regions = EUR_NPi_countries, fill = 1)
euTargets <- toolAggregate(x["EUR", , ], rel = rel, weight = weight)
x <- x["EUR", , , invert = TRUE]
x <- mbind(x, euTargets)
# generate new object x_mod5 that has values only for targetYears and transfer those from x
x_mod5 <- new.magpie(getItems(x, dim = "ISO"), targetYears, getNames(x), fill = 0)
commonYears <- intersect(getYears(x, as.integer = TRUE), targetYears)
x_mod5[, commonYears, ] <- x[, commonYears, ]
# for non-fiver years, transfer them to following fiver year, increasing every year by 5 percentage points
# if 2032 and 2035 data are given for the same country, use the higher value (apply max row-wise).
for (i in setdiff(getYears(x, as.integer = TRUE), targetYears)) {
x_mod5[, i - (i %% 5) + 5, ] <- apply(matrix(c(as.vector(x_mod5[, i - (i %% 5) + 5, ]), as.vector(x[, i, ]) * (1 + (5 - (i %% 5)) * 0.05)), ncol = 2), 1, max)
}
# Creating magpie object which at the end will only contain capacity targets
x_capacity <- new.magpie(getItems(x_mod5, dim = "region"), targetYears, techList, fill = 0)
# reading historical data
hist_cap <- readSource("IRENA", subtype = "Capacity") / 1000 # converting from MW to GW
hist_gen <- readSource("IRENA", subtype = "Generation") # Units are GWh
# Real world capacity factor for hydro = Generation in last year/Capacity in last year
cf_hydro_realworld <- hist_gen[, 2015, "Renewable hydropower"] / (8760 * hist_cap[, 2015, "Renewable hydropower"])
cf_hydro_realworld[is.na(cf_hydro_realworld) | is.infinite(cf_hydro_realworld)] <- 0
getNames(cf_hydro_realworld) <- "Hydro"
# Capacity factors in REMIND. From : calcOutput("Capacityfactor"...) need to be verified!
cf_biomass <- 0.75
cf_nuclear <- 0.85
cf_coal <- 0.8
cf_hydro <- max(cf_hydro_realworld) + 0 * cf_hydro_realworld
# using cf_hydro_realworld directly causes converges errors because some are very small. Second term needed such that cf_hydro has right structure
# Initialising all capacities for all model years to current capacities and converting generation to capacity
# EU target
IrenaTech <- c("Wind", "Onshore wind energy", "Offshore wind energy", "Solar photovoltaic", "Concentrated solar power", "Geothermal")
x_capacity[, , IrenaTech] <- setYears(hist_cap[getItems(x_mod5, dim = "region"), 2015, IrenaTech])
x_capacity[, , "Biomass"] <- setYears(hist_cap[getItems(x_mod5, dim = "region"), 2015, "Bioenergy"])
# special case for hydro.
x_capacity[, , "Hydro"] <- setYears(hist_gen[getItems(x_capacity, dim = "region"), 2015, "Renewable hydropower"])
# Special case for nuclear
# TODO: nuclear is total generation check if fits with electricity targets!
hist_gen_fossil <- readSource("BP", subtype = "Generation") * 1000 # TWh to GWh
for (i in targetYears) {
for (j in getNames(x_mod5[, , c("Nuclear", "Coal")])) {
for (k in getItems(x_mod5, dim = "region")) {
if (x_mod5[k, i, j] != 0) {
x_capacity[k, , "Nuclear"] <- setYears(hist_gen_fossil[k, 2015, "Generation|Nuclear (TWh)"]) / (8760 * cf_nuclear)
}
x_capacity[k, , "Coal"] <- setYears(hist_gen_fossil[k, 2015, "Generation|Electricity|Coal (TWh)"]) / (8760 * cf_nuclear)
}
}
}
x_current <- x_capacity # x_current contains current capacities except for hydro where current generation values are taken
x_capacity_abs <- 0 * x_capacity
x_capacity_prod_nb <- 0 * x_capacity
x_capacity_tic <- 0 * x_capacity
x_capacity_prod_swh <- 0 * x_capacity
# Converting additional capacity targets to absolute capacity targets
BPtech <- c("Nuclear", "Coal")
usedTech <- c(IrenaTech, BPtech, "Biomass")
absUsedTech <- paste("AC-Absolute.", usedTech, sep = "")
x_capacity_abs[, , usedTech] <- x_current[, , usedTech] +
x_mod5[, , absUsedTech, drop = TRUE]
# to do @Falk relative calculation is not correct
# currently it (adds additional capacity to historical of 2015), not to base
x_capacity_abs[, , "Hydro"] <- x_current[, , "Hydro"] + x_mod5[, , "AC-Absolute.Hydro", drop = TRUE] * setYears(cf_hydro[getItems(x_mod5, dim = "region"), , ] * 8760)
# Converting Production targets (GWh) to Capacity targets (TIC-Absolute) (GW) for nuclear and biomass
# pmax used to always take the higher value from existing capacity and new capacity (from production)
x_capacity_prod_nb[, , "Nuclear"] <- pmax(x_current[, , "Nuclear"], x_mod5[, , c("Production-Absolute.Nuclear")] / (8760 * cf_nuclear))
x_capacity_prod_nb[, , "Coal"] <- pmax(x_current[, , "Coal"], x_mod5[, , c("Production-Absolute.Coal")] / (8760 * cf_coal))
x_capacity_prod_nb[, , "Biomass"] <- pmax(x_current[, , "Biomass"], x_mod5[, , c("Production-Absolute.Biomass")] / (8760 * cf_biomass))
# Total installed capacity Targets
# target in target year should be the maximum from the target year and the current capacity
x_capacity_tic[, , usedTech] <- pmax(x_current[, , usedTech], x_mod5[, , usedTech][, , "TIC-Absolute", drop = TRUE])
x_capacity_tic[, , "Hydro"] <- pmax(x_current[, , "Hydro"], x_mod5[, , "TIC-Absolute.Hydro", drop = TRUE] * setYears(cf_hydro[getItems(x_mod5, dim = "region"), , ]))
# Converting Production targets to capacity targets for solar (pv and csp), hydro, and wind
# Obtaining the capacity factors (nur) values and associated maxproduction (maxprod) for Hydro, Wind, and Solar
data_wind <- calcOutput("PotentialWindOn", aggregate = FALSE)
# Reordering dim=3 for data_wind so that 1st position corresponds to maxprod.nur.1 and not maxprod.nur.9
data_wind_sorted <- mbind(
data_wind[, , "1"], data_wind[, , "2"], data_wind[, , "3"], data_wind[, , "4"],
data_wind[, , "5"], data_wind[, , "6"], data_wind[, , "7"], data_wind[, , "8"], data_wind[, , "9"]
)
data_hydro <- calcOutput("PotentialHydro", aggregate = FALSE)
data_solar <- calcOutput("Solar", regionmapping = "regionmappingTCD.csv")
names_solar <- paste0("Solar.", getNames(collapseNames((mselect(data_solar, type = c("nur", "maxprod"), technology = "spv")), collapsedim = 2)))
names_hydro <- paste0("Hydro.", getNames(data_hydro))
names_wind <- paste0("Wind.", getNames(data_wind_sorted))
data_combined <- new.magpie(getItems(data_hydro, dim = "region"), NULL, c(names_solar, names_hydro, names_wind))
data_combined[, , "Hydro"] <- data_hydro
data_combined[, , "Wind"] <- data_wind_sorted
data_combined[c("TCD", "JPN"), , "Solar"][, , "maxprod"] <- as.vector(data_solar[c("TCD", "JPN"), , "maxprod"][, , "spv"])
data_combined[c("TCD", "JPN"), , "Solar"][, , "nur"] <- as.vector(data_solar[c("TCD", "JPN"), , "nur"][, , "spv"])
data_combined <- data_combined[getItems(x_mod5, dim = "region"), , ]
for (n in getNames(data_combined, dim = 1)) {
name <- paste0(n, ".maxprod")
# Conversion from EJ/a to GWh
data_combined[, , name, pmatch = TRUE] <- data_combined[, , name, pmatch = TRUE] * 277777.778
}
data_combined[is.na(data_combined)] <- 0
# Production/Generation targets are converted into capacity targets by alloting production to certain capacity factors based on maxprod.
final <- numeric(length(getItems(x_mod5, dim = "region")))
names(final) <- getItems(x_mod5, dim = "region")
tmp_target <- numeric(10)
x_mod5[, , "Production-Absolute.Hydro"] <- pmax(x_mod5[, , "Production-Absolute.Hydro"], x_capacity_tic[, , "Hydro"], x_capacity_abs[, , "Hydro"])
x_mod5[is.na(x_mod5)] <- 0
# For all countries which have non-zero generation values but zero or negative maxprod(),
# replace x_mod5[,,"Production-Absolute.Hydro]==0
# Even if there is one +ve production absolute value for Hydro but all maxprod are zero
for (r in names(final)) {
if (any(x_mod5[r, , "Production-Absolute.Hydro"] != 0) &&
all(data_combined[r, , "Hydro.maxprod"] == 0) || any(data_combined[r, , "Hydro.maxprod"] < 0)) {
x_mod5[r, , "Production-Absolute.Hydro"] <- 0
}
}
for (t in c("Solar photovoltaic", "Wind", "Hydro")) {
# no pure Solar in REMIND technology
getNames(data_combined, dim = 1) <- c("Solar photovoltaic", "Hydro", "Wind")
data_sel <- data_combined[, , t]
data_in_use <- data_sel[, , "maxprod"] / data_sel[, , "nur"]
for (y in targetYears) {
final[] <- 0
for (r in names(final)) {
tmp_target <- numeric(10)
name <- paste0(t, ".maxprod")
name2 <- paste0("Production-Absolute.", t)
if (!R.utils::isZero(x_mod5[, , "Production-Absolute"][, , t])[r, y, ] &&
dimSums(data_combined[r, , name], na.rm = TRUE) > max(x_mod5[r, , name2])) {
# extracting the first non-zero location of maxprod
name <- paste0(t, ".maxprod")
loc <- min(which(!R.utils::isZero(data_combined[r, , name, pmatch = TRUE])))
tmp_target[1] <- x_mod5[r, y, "Production-Absolute"][, , t]
if (data_sel[r, , "maxprod"][, , loc] > tmp_target[1]) {
final[r] <- tmp_target[1] / (8760 * data_sel[r, , "nur"][, , loc])
} else {
tmp_target[2] <- tmp_target[1] - data_sel[r, , "maxprod"][, , loc]
if (data_sel[r, , "maxprod"][, , loc + 1] > tmp_target[2]) {
final[r] <- (1 / 8760) * (data_in_use[r, , ][, , loc] + tmp_target[1] / data_sel[r, , "nur"][, , loc + 1])
} else {
tmp_target[3] <- tmp_target[2] - data_sel[r, , "maxprod"][, , loc + 1]
if (data_sel[r, , "maxprod"][, , loc + 2] > tmp_target[3]) {
final[r] <- (1 / 8760) * (data_in_use[r, , ][, , loc] + data_in_use[r, , ][, , loc + 1]
+ tmp_target[2] / data_sel[r, , "nur"][, , loc + 2])
} else {
tmp_target[4] <- tmp_target[3] - data_sel[r, , "maxprod"][, , loc + 2]
if (data_sel[r, , "maxprod"][, , loc + 3] > tmp_target[4]) {
final[r] <- (1 / 8760) * (data_in_use[r, , ][, , loc] + data_in_use[r, , ][, , loc + 1] + data_in_use[r, , ][, , loc + 2] +
tmp_target[3] / data_sel[r, , "nur"][, , loc + 3])
final[r] <- tmp_target[1]
} else {
tmp_target[5] <- tmp_target[4] - data_sel[r, , "maxprod"][, , loc + 3]
if (data_sel[r, , "maxprod"][loc + 4] > tmp_target[5]) {
final[r] <- (1 / 8760) * (data_in_use[r, , ][, , loc] + data_in_use[r, , ][, , loc + 1] + data_in_use[r, , ][, , loc + 2] +
data_in_use[r, , ][, , loc + 3] + tmp_target[4] / data_sel[r, , "nur"][, , loc + 4])
} else {
tmp_target[6] <- tmp_target[5] - data_sel[r, , "maxprod"][, , loc + 4]
if (data_sel[r, , "maxprod"][loc + 5] > tmp_target[6]) {
final[r] <- (1 / 8760) * (data_in_use[r, , ][, , loc] + data_in_use[r, , ][, , loc + 1] + data_in_use[r, , ][, , loc + 2] +
data_in_use[r, , ][, , loc + 3] + data_in_use[r, , ][, , loc + 4] +
tmp_target[5] / data_sel[r, , "nur"][, , loc + 5])
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
x_capacity_prod_swh[, y, t] <- final
}
}
x_capacity_gen <- mbind(x_capacity_prod_swh[, , c("Solar photovoltaic", "Concentrated solar power", "Wind", "Hydro",
"Onshore wind energy", "Offshore wind energy", "Geothermal")],
x_capacity_prod_nb[, , c("Biomass", "Nuclear", "Coal")])
x_capacity[, , usedTech] <- pmax(x_capacity_abs[, , usedTech],
x_capacity_gen[, , usedTech],
x_capacity_tic[, , usedTech])
x_capacity[, , "Hydro"] <- x_capacity_gen[, , "Hydro"]
# Making sure that targets in subsequent years are always same or greater than the proceeding year
for (r in getItems(x_mod5, dim = "region")) {
for (t in techList) {
for (i in utils::head(targetYears, -1)) {
if (x_capacity[r, i + 5, t] < setYears(x_capacity[r, i, t])) {
x_capacity[r, i + 5, t] <- setYears(x_capacity[r, i, t])
} else {
x_capacity[r, i, t] <- x_capacity[r, i, t]
}
}
}
}
# countries not in the database
rest_regions <- getItems(hist_cap, dim = "Country/area")[!(getItems(hist_cap, dim = "Country/area") %in% getItems(x_capacity, dim = "region"))]
x_other <- new.magpie(rest_regions, targetYears, techList)
x_other[, , IrenaTech] <- setYears(hist_cap[rest_regions, 2015, IrenaTech])
x_other[, , "Nuclear"] <- 0
x_other[, , "Coal"] <- 0 # unclear if correct, need to see how it will be processed in calcfun
# if min target is it wrong, can also leave out coal target for now!!!
x_other[, , "Biomass"] <- setYears(hist_cap[rest_regions, 2015, "Bioenergy"])
x_other[, , "Hydro"] <- setYears(hist_cap[rest_regions, 2015, "Renewable hydropower"]) * setYears(cf_hydro[rest_regions, , ])
x_final <- magpiesort(mbind(x_capacity, x_other))
x_final[is.na(x_final)] <- 0
x <- toolCountryFill(x_final, fill = NA, verbosity = 2) # will be returned
getNames(x) <- c("wind", "windon", "windoff", "spv", "csp", "bioigcc", "tnrs", "hydro", "geohdr", "coalchp")
# end subtype contains Capacity
} else if (grepl("Emissions", subtype, fixed = TRUE)) { # calculate emissions in target year relative to 2005 emissions
reductionData <- x
### Import historical data (gdp and emi) needed for the calculations
# Historical emissions for 1990-2015 - co2 (excl LU),ch4,n2o (so far no Fgas historic time series)
ceds <- calcOutput("Emissions", datasource = "CEDS2REMIND", aggregate = FALSE)
gwpCH4 <- 28 # "Global Warming Potentials of CH4, AR5 WG1 CH08 Table 8.7" /28/
gwpN2O <- 265 # "Global Warming Potentials of N2O, AR5 WG1 CH08 Table 8.7" /265/
# calculate GHG total of CO2, CH4 and N2O [unit Mt CO2eq]
ghg <- ceds[, seq(1990, 2015, 1), c("Emi|CO2|Energy and Industrial Processes (Mt CO2/yr)")] +
+gwpN2O / 1000 * dimSums(ceds[, seq(1990, 2015, 1), c("Emi|N2O|Energy and Industrial Processes (kt N2O/yr)",
"Emi|N2O|Land Use|Agriculture and Biomass Burning (kt N2O/yr)",
"Emi|N2O|Land Use|Forest Burning (kt N2O/yr)",
"Emi|N2O|Land Use|Grassland Burning (kt N2O/yr)",
"Emi|N2O|Waste (kt N2O/yr)")], dim = 3) +
+gwpCH4 * dimSums(ceds[, seq(1990, 2015, 1), c("Emi|CH4|Energy and Industrial Processes (Mt CH4/yr)",
"Emi|CH4|Land Use|Agriculture and Biomass Burning (Mt CH4/yr)",
"Emi|CH4|Land Use|Forest Burning (Mt CH4/yr)",
"Emi|CH4|Land Use|Grassland Burning (Mt CH4/yr)",
"Emi|CH4|Waste (Mt CH4/yr)")], dim = 3)
# Future GDP values
gdp <- calcOutput("GDP", scenario = subset, aggregate = FALSE)
# Define EU countries + croatia for special treatment because of joint NDC
EUR_NDC_countries <- c("POL", "CZE", "ROU", "BGR", "HUN", "SVK", "LTU", "EST", "SVN",
"LVA", "DEU", "FRA", "ITA", "ESP", "NLD", "BEL", "GRC", "AUT",
"PRT", "FIN", "SWE", "IRL", "DNK", "LUX", "CYP", "MLT", "JEY",
"FRO", "GIB", "GGY", "IMN", "HRV")
# NDC Types, order must be exactly the same as in readUNFCCC_NDC.R!
allowedType <- c("GHG-Absolute", "GHG", "GHG/GDP", "CO2/GDP", "GHG-fixed-total", "GHG/CAP")
# define function that calculates ghgfactor compared to 2005 for each regi and year, taken into account different Types
calcGhgfactor <- function(data) {
if (nregions(data) != 1 || nyears(data) != 1) {
warning("function calcGhgfactor(data) should be called with one single region and year as data only")
}
regi <- getItems(data, dim = "ISO_Code")
year <- getYears(data)
ghgtarget <- NA
if (allowedType[data[regi, year, "Type"]] == "GHG-Absolute") {
if (data[regi, year, "Reference_Year"] == -1) { # -1 if BAU;
if (!is.na(data[regi, year, "BAU_or_Reference_emissions_in_MtCO2e"])) { # ignore if no BAU emissions given
ghgtarget <- data[regi, year, "BAU_or_Reference_emissions_in_MtCO2e"] + data[regi, year, uncond_or_cond]
}
} else { # use historic ghg data for Reference_Year, not those given in the database
ghgtarget <- setYears(ghg[regi, min(data[regi, year, "Reference_Year"], max(getYears(ghg, as.integer = TRUE))), ], NULL) + data[regi, year, uncond_or_cond]
}
} else if (allowedType[data[regi, year, "Type"]] == "GHG") { # relative change of GHG
if (data[regi, year, "Reference_Year"] == -1) { # -1 if BAU.
if (!is.na(data[regi, year, "BAU_or_Reference_emissions_in_MtCO2e"])) { # ignore if no BAU emissions given
ghgtarget <- data[regi, year, "BAU_or_Reference_emissions_in_MtCO2e"] * (1 + data[regi, year, uncond_or_cond])
}
} else { # then Reference_Year contains a year
ghgtarget <- setYears(ghg[regi, min(data[regi, year, "Reference_Year"], max(getYears(ghg, as.integer = TRUE))), ], NULL) * (1 + data[regi, year, uncond_or_cond])
}
} else if (allowedType[data[regi, year, "Type"]] %in% c("GHG/GDP", "CO2/GDP")) { # OR: Why no distinction?
if (!is.na(data[regi, year, "BAU_or_Reference_emissions_in_MtCO2e"])) { # ignore if no BAU emissions given
ghgtarget <- data[regi, year, "BAU_or_Reference_emissions_in_MtCO2e"] + data[regi, year, uncond_or_cond]
} else {
ghgtarget <- (1 + data[regi, year, uncond_or_cond]) * gdp[regi, year, ] / setYears(gdp[regi, round(as.numeric(data[regi, year, "Reference_Year"]) / 5) * 5, ], NULL) * setYears(ghg[regi, as.numeric(data[regi, year, "Reference_Year"]), ], NULL)
}
} else if (allowedType[data[regi, year, "Type"]] == "GHG-fixed-total") {
ghgtarget <- data[regi, year, uncond_or_cond]
} else {
warning("Unknown Type for regi ", regi, " and year ", year, ": ", data[regi, year, "Type"], " / ", allowedType[data[regi, year, "Type"]], " (note: GHG/CAP currently not implemented)")
}
# return ghgtarget
return(ghgtarget)
} # end of function calc_ghgfactor
# countries with known NDC/2005 ratios bigger than 2.5 or less than 0
knownhigh <- list("IND" = c("y2030"))
knownlow <- list("GAB" = c("y2050"))
# ghgfactor compared to 2005, first set to NA
# this copy of the gdp structure is needed because of the different SSP
ghgfactor <- gdp[unique(c(getItems(reductionData, dim = "ISO_Code")[getItems(reductionData, dim = "ISO_Code") != "EUR"],
EUR_NDC_countries)), getYears(reductionData), ]
ghgfactor[, , ] <- NA
# define string that can be used to assess magpie variables
uncond_or_cond <- ifelse(length(grep("uncond", subtype)) == 0, "Conditional", "Unconditional")
# loop through regions and years
for (regi in getItems(reductionData, dim = "ISO_Code")) {
for (year in getYears(reductionData)) {
if (!is.na(reductionData[regi, year, uncond_or_cond])[1]) { # check whether a target exists
if (regi != "EUR") { # call function calc_ghgfactor and divide by 2005 ghg data to get the ghgfactor
# move it to a year REMIND understands
newyear <- as.numeric(gsub("y", "", year))
newyear <- if (newyear < 2060) ceiling((newyear - 1) / 5) * 5 else ceiling((newyear - 2) / 10) * 10
ghgfactor[regi, newyear, ] <- calcGhgfactor(reductionData[regi, year, ]) / setYears(ghg[regi, 2005, ], NULL)
ghgfactormax <- max(c(0, as.numeric(ghgfactor[regi, newyear, ])), na.rm = TRUE)
if (isTRUE(ghgfactormax > 2.5) && !year %in% knownhigh[[regi]]) {
message("For ", regi, " in ", year, ", ghgfactor=", ghgfactormax, " is above 2.5 and will be dropped.")
}
ghgfactormin <- min(c(0, as.numeric(ghgfactor[regi, newyear, ])), na.rm = TRUE)
if (isTRUE(ghgfactormin < 0) && !year %in% knownlow[[regi]]) {
warning(
"For ", regi, " in ", year, ", ghgfactor=", ghgfactormin, " is below 0. ",
"Is the country really promising negative net emissions? Add it to 'knownlow' in calcEmiTarget."
)
}
}
}
}
}
for (year in getYears(reductionData)) { # assign EUR NDC goal to all EUR28 countries
if (!is.na(reductionData["EUR", year, uncond_or_cond])[1]) { # check whether a target exists
if (allowedType[reductionData["EUR", year, "Type"]] == "GHG") {
ghggoal <- (1 + reductionData["EUR", year, uncond_or_cond]) * setYears(ghg[EUR_NDC_countries, min(reductionData["EUR", year, "Reference_Year"], max(getYears(ghg, as.integer = TRUE))), ], NULL)
ghgfactor[EUR_NDC_countries, year, ] <- ghggoal / setYears(ghg[EUR_NDC_countries, 2005, ], NULL)
} else if (allowedType[reductionData["EUR", year, "Type"]] == "GHG-fixed-total") {
ghg_EUR_2005 <- sum(setYears(ghg[EUR_NDC_countries, 2005, ], NULL))
ghgfactor[EUR_NDC_countries, year, ] <- reductionData["EUR", year, uncond_or_cond] / ghg_EUR_2005
} else {
warning(
"Calculation assumes EU target is GHG or GHG-fixed-total, but database says ",
reductionData["EUR", year, "Type"], ". Please check or exjust calcEmiTarget!"
)
}
}
}
# exclude country targets with factor higher than 2.5, which is about the highest region average BAU growth rate (but always use China and India)
for (regi in getItems(ghgfactor, dim = "iso3c")) {
if (!regi %in% c("IND", "CHN")) {
ghgfactor[regi, , ][ghgfactor[regi, , ] > 2.5] <- NA
}
}
x <- toolCountryFill(ghgfactor, fill = NA, verbosity = 2)
} # end subtype = Emissions_all
# add NDC_version from subtype to allow for distinction of NDC version in calcEmiTarget/calcCapTarget
NDC_version <- paste(unlist(strsplit(subtype, "_"))[-1], collapse = "_")
getNames(x) <- paste(NDC_version, getNames(x), sep = ".")
return(x)
}
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