# R/emp.R In droglenc/FSAWs: Functions for constructing and validating standard weight (Ws) equations for fish.

#### Documented in anova.emplmcoef.empempfitPlot.emplmfitPlot.emprqplot.emplmpredict.empresidPlot.emplmsummary.emp

#' @title Computes the standard weight equation using the emperical-percentile method.
#'
#' @description Computes the standard weight equation using the empirical-percentile method when given populations of length-weight data.
#'
#' @details The main function follows the steps of the empirical percentile method detailed in Gerow et al. (2005).  In general, the mean log10 weight for each population within all length categories is computed, length categories with fewer than \code{ncutoff} are eliminated (see \code{cutoff.tail} description above), the third quartile of mean log10 weights for the remaining categories are found, and a n-weighted regression (quadratic regression if \code{quadratic=TRUE}) is then fit to the third quartile of mean log10 weights and the length category midpoint value.
#'
#' Gerow et al. (2005) suggest using a quantile definition that is basically the same as \code{qtype=9}.  Types of quantile calculation methods are discussed in the details of of \code{quantile}.
#'
#' The \code{plot}, \code{coef}, and \code{summary} methods are used to construct a plot (see below), extract the coefficients of the standard weight equation, and find summary results of the \code{lm} object returned by the main function.  The \code{plot} method plots the mean log10 weights versus length category midpoint for each population represented in the data frame with the resultant standard weight equation superimposed in black.
#'
#' If the \code{col.pop} argument is set equal to one of these palettes -- \dQuote{rich}, \dQuote{cm}, \dQuote{default}, \dQuote{grey}, \dQuote{gray}, \dQuote{heat}, \dQuote{jet}, \dQuote{rainbow}, \dQuote{topo}, or \dQuote{terrain} -- and the \code{order.pop=TRUE} then the populations plotted should form a general color gradient from smallest to largest weight in the initial length category.  This will make it easier to identify populations that \dQuote{cross over} other populations.
#'
#' @aliases emp coef.emp summary.emp predict.emp anova.emplm plot.emplm fitPlot.emplm residPlot.emplm fitPlot.emprq
#'
#' @param df A data frame that contains the length-weight data for each population.
#' @param pops A string or numeric that indicates which column in \code{df} contains the variable that identifies the different populations.
#' @param len A string or numeric that indicates which column in \code{df} contains the variable with the length data.
#' @param wt A string or numeric that indicates which column in \code{df} contains the variable with the weight data.
#' @param min A number that indicates the midpoint value of the smallest X-mm length category.
#' @param max A number that indicates the midpoint value of the largest X-mm length category.
#' @param w A number that indicates the widths for which to create length categories.
#' @param n.cutoff A numeric that indicates the minimum sample size in a length category that should be included in the regression.
#' @param cutoff.tail A logical that indicates if all length categories larger than the lowest length category with a sample size below \code{n.cutoff} should be excluded \code{=TRUE} or just those length categories with sample sizes lower than \code{n.cutoff}.
#' @param qtype Type of quantile method to use.  See details.
#' @param probs A number that indicates the probability of the quantile.  Must be between 0 and 1.
#' @param method A string that indicates whether a linear regression (\code{lm} or quantile regression (\code{rq}) should be used to construct the standard weight equation.  See details.
#' @param quadratic A logical that indicates whether a quadratic regression should be fit (\code{=TRUE} or not.
#' @param x,object An object saved from the \code{emp} call (i.e., of class \code{emp}).
#' @param pch A single numeric that indicates what plotting characther codes should be used for the points in plot or fitPlot.
#' @param col.pop A string that indicates the type of color or palette to use for the population of length-weight regression lines.  See details.
#' @param col.Ws A string that indicates the type of color to use for the standard length-weight regression line.
#' @param lwd.Ws A numeric that indicates the width of the line to use for the standard length-weight regression line.
#' @param lty.Ws A numeric that indicates the type of line to use for the standard length-weight regression line.
#' @param jitterX A logical that indicates whether the x values in plot should be jittered.
#' @param jitter.factor A numeric that indicates the relative magnitude of the jittering in x (sent to \code{factor} argument in \code{jitter()}.
#' @param col.pt A string used to indicate the color of the plotted points.
#' @param xlab A label for the x-axis of fitPlot.
#' @param ylab A label for the y-axis of fitPlot.
#' @param main A label for the main title of fitPlot.
#' @param \dots Additional arguments for methods.
#' @return A list is returned with the following seven items:
#' \itemize{
#'   \item \code{pop.by.len} is a table of the number of populations represented in each length category.
#'   \item \code{ind.by.len} is a table of the number of individual fish in each length category.
#'   \item \code{ind.by.len.pop} is a table of the number of individual fish in each length category for each population.
#'   \item \code{mnlwt.by.len.pop} is a table of the mean log10 weight for each length category for each population.
#'   \item \code{regdata} is a dataframe used for the Ws regression (i.e., third quartiles of mean log10 weight and length category midpoints).
#'   \item \code{quadratic} is a logical that indicates whether the quadratic regression was used.
#'   \item \code{Ws} is the Ws regression model results.
#' }
#'
#' @author Derek H. Ogle, \email{[email protected]@northland.edu}
#'
#' @seealso \code{\link{rlp}}, \code{\link{FroeseWs}}, and \code{\link{wsValidate}}; and \code{quantile} in \pkg{stats}
#'
#' @references Gerow, K.G., R.C. Anderson-Sprecher, and W.A. Hubert.  2005.  A new method to compute standard-weight equations that reduces length-related bias.  North American Journal of Fisheries Management 25:1288-1300.
#'
#' @keywords manip hplot
#'
#' @examples
#' ## Walleye Ws equation for comparison to Gerow's Excel Tool
#' # Gerow's results were -- -4.624269, 2.477718, and 0.1461490 for the intercept, linear term,
#' #    and quadratic term for 75th percentile Ws equation
#' # Gerow's results were -- -4.950281, 2.698470, and 0.1052352 for the intercept, linear term,
#' #    and quadratic term for 50th percentile Ws equation
#' data(WalleyeGerowLW)
#' # compare to Ws75 results
#' wae1 <- emp(WalleyeGerowLW,"popn","len","wt",min=155,max=955,cutoff.tail=FALSE)
#' coef(wae1)
#' # compare to Ws75 results -- uses same quantile type?
#' wae2 <- emp(WalleyeGerowLW,"popn","len","wt",min=155,max=955,qtype=9,cutoff.tail=FALSE)
#' coef(wae2)
#' # compare to Ws50 results; note use of all length categories
#' wae1a <- emp(WalleyeGerowLW,"popn","len","wt",min=155,max=955,n.cutoff=1,probs=0.5)
#' coef(wae1a)
#' # compare to Ws50 results -- uses same quantile type?
#' wae2a <- emp(WalleyeGerowLW,"popn","len","wt",min=155,max=955,qtype=9,n.cutoff=1,probs=0.5)
#' coef(wae2a)
#'
#' # It appears that a difference from Gerow's work is that the quantiles computed
#' #   here are different than his quantiles.  This can be seen by comparing the
#' #   regdata results with the results in his 'summarized' worksheet.  From
#' #   Gerow et al. (2005) it appears that he used 'qtype=9'; however, 'qtype=5'
#' #   provides the closest values to his Excel worksheet.
#' wae1$regdata #' #' ## use quantile regression method #' wae1rq <- emp(WalleyeGerowLW,"popn","len","wt",min=155,max=955,cutoff.tail=FALSE,method="rq") #' coef(wae1rq) #' #' @rdname emp #' @export emp emp <- function(df,pops,len,wt,min,max,w=10,n.cutoff=3,cutoff.tail=TRUE,qtype=8, probs=0.75,method=c("lm","rq"),quadratic=TRUE) { fLCat <- n <- NULL # attempting to get by bindings warning in RCMD CHECK method <- match.arg(method) # create data frame with mean logW, midpoints, and n to be used for EmP method df$logwt <- log10(df[,wt])
# adds lwr bnd len cat to df -- not factor for midpoint correction next
df <- lencatOLD(df,len,startcat=min-w/2,w=w,as.fact=FALSE)
# converts lower bound of category to a midpoint value
df$LCat <- df$LCat+w/2
# finds n and mean for each popn and length category
df1 <- aggregate(as.formula(paste("logwt~",pops,"+LCat",sep="")),data=df,FUN=function(x) cbind(length(x),mean(x)))
# puts results into a useful data frame ... a hack
df1 <- data.frame(as.matrix(df1))
names(df1)[3:4] <- c("n","mn.logW")
# creates a factored version of LCat -- for summary tables
df1$fLCat <- factor(df1$LCat)
# add log midpt for quantile regression method
df1$logmidpt <- log10(df1$LCat)
# find table of populations in each length category, remove those lower than ncutoff considering cutoff.tail
p.n.tbl <- table(df1$fLCat) # number of population means in each length category p.n.low <- which(p.n.tbl < n.cutoff) # which length categories had n below or equal to n.cutoff p.n.adeq <- which(p.n.tbl >= n.cutoff) # which length categories had n above n.cutoff if (cutoff.tail & length(p.n.low)>0) { # if cutoff entire tail then find the tail p.n.low <- p.n.low[1]:p.n.low[length(p.n.low)] p.n.adeq <- p.n.adeq[1]:(p.n.low[1]-1) } names(p.n.tbl)[which(names(p.n.tbl) %in% names(p.n.tbl)[p.n.low])] <- paste(names(p.n.tbl)[p.n.low],"*",sep="") # asterisk those not used # make new data frame with length categories deleted df2 <- subset(df1,fLCat %in% names(p.n.tbl)[p.n.adeq]) df2 <- gdata::drop.levels(df2,reorder=FALSE) # find the given quantile of mean logW in each length category logWq <- tapply(df2$mn.logW,df2$fLCat,quantile,probs=probs,type=qtype) regdf <- data.frame(midpt=as.numeric(names(logWq)),Wq=10^(logWq),logmidpt=log10(as.numeric(names(logWq))),logwq=logWq,n=p.n.tbl[names(logWq)]) # fit the regression to define the Ws equation if (method=="lm") Ws <- lm(logwq~logmidpt,data=regdf,weights=n) else Ws <- rq(mn.logW~logmidpt,tau=probs,data=df1) if (quadratic) Ws <- update(Ws,.~.+I(logmidpt^2)) # return lots of parts ifelse(method=="lm",retdf <- regdf,retdf <- df1) res <- list(pop.by.len=p.n.tbl,ind.by.len=with(df1,tapply(n,fLCat,sum,na.rm=TRUE)),sumdata=df2,regdata=retdf,quadratic=quadratic,probs=probs,Ws=Ws) ifelse(method=="lm", class(res) <- c("emplm","emp"), class(res) <- c("emprq","emp")) res } #' @rdname emp #' @method coef emp #' @S3method coef emp coef.emp <- function(object,...) { coef(object$Ws,...)
}

#' @rdname emp
#' @method summary emp
#' @S3method summary emp
summary.emp <- function(object,...) {
summary(object$Ws,...) } #' @rdname emp #' @method predict emp #' @S3method predict emp predict.emp <- function(object,...) { predict(object$Ws,...)
}

#' @rdname emp
#' @method anova emplm
#' @S3method anova emplm
anova.emplm <- function(object,...) {
anova(object$Ws,...) } #' @rdname emp #' @method plot emplm #' @S3method plot emplm plot.emplm <- function(x,pch=16,col.pop="rich",col.Ws="black",lwd.Ws=3,lty.Ws=1, jitterX=TRUE,jitter.factor=3,...) { old.par <- par(mar=c(3.5,3.5,1,1), mgp=c(2,0.75,0)); on.exit(par(old.par)) object <- x pops <- factor(unique(object$sumdata$regrnum)) if (col.pop %in% paletteChoices()) col.pop <- chooseColors(col.pop,length(pops)) ifelse(jitterX,x <- jitter(object$sumdata$logmidpt,factor=jitter.factor),x <- object$sumdata$logmidpt) plot(object$sumdata$mn.logW~x,pch=pch,col=col.pop,xlab="log10(Length (mm))",ylab="mean log10(Weight (g))") if (!object$quadratic) abline(object$Ws,col=col.Ws,lwd=lwd.Ws,lty=lty.Ws) else { x <- seq(min(object$regdata$logmidpt),max(object$regdata$logmidpt),length.out=500) y <- predict(object$Ws,data.frame(logmidpt=x))
lines(y~x,col=col.Ws,lwd=lwd.Ws,lty=lty.Ws)
}
}

#' @rdname emp
#' @method fitPlot emplm
#' @S3method fitPlot emplm
fitPlot.emplm <- function(object,pch=16,col.pt="black",col.Ws="red",lwd.Ws=3,lty.Ws=1,
xlab="log10(midpt Length)",
ylab=paste(100*object$probs,"Percentile of mean log10(Weight)"), main="EMP Equation Fit",...) { ifelse("emplm" %in% class(object),df <- object$regdata, df <- object$rawdata) plot(object$regdata$logwq~object$regdata$logmidpt,pch=pch,col=col.pt,xlab=xlab,ylab=ylab,main=main,...) if (!object$quadratic) abline(object$Ws,col=col.Ws,lwd=lwd.Ws,lty=lty.Ws) else { x <- seq(min(object$regdata$logmidpt),max(object$regdata$logmidpt),length.out=500) y <- predict(object$Ws,data.frame(logmidpt=x))
lines(y~x,col=col.Ws,lwd=lwd.Ws,lty=lty.Ws)
}
}

#' @rdname emp
#' @method residPlot emplm
#' @S3method residPlot emplm
residPlot.emplm <- function(object,...) {
residPlot(object\$Ws)
}

#' @rdname emp
#' @method fitPlot emprq
#' @S3method fitPlot emprq
fitPlot.emprq <- function(object,pch=16,col.pop="rich",col.Ws="black",lwd.Ws=3,lty.Ws=1,
jitterX=TRUE,jitter.factor=3,...) {
plot.emplm(object,pch=pch,col.pop=col.pop,col.Ws=col.Ws,lwd.Ws=lwd.Ws,lty.Ws=lty.Ws,jitterX=jitterX,jitter.factor=jitter.factor,...)
}

droglenc/FSAWs documentation built on July 8, 2018, 7:01 a.m.