#' Distance/threshold test for toolmarks
#'
#' Compute all possible correlations for windows of length n between the class components.
#' Determine the location of the maximized correlation.
#' Given this location, create a diamond around it in the individual matrix of correlations
#' For each offset in this diamond, compute the maximized correlation
#' (1) Determine the distance between the offset for the class and indiviudal components
#' (2) Compute the Threshold test statistics
#' @param dat1 a one column matrix representing a digitized tool mark
#' @param dat2 a one column matrix representing a second digitized tool mark
#' @param coarse normalization smoothing parameter
#' @param fine decomposition smoothing parameter
#' @param window.size desired window size for the correlations to compute
#' @param M search area restriction
#' @importFrom dplyr filter group_by summarise
#' @importFrom stats lowess
#' @importFrom ggplot2 aes xlab ylab geom_vline geom_hline coord_fixed element_text ggtitle
#' @importFrom ggplot2 geom_line theme geom_raster geom_path geom_point scale_fill_gradient
#' @export
#' @return list with
#' \itemize{
#' \item{"max_corr"}{maximized indiviudal component correlation}
#' \item{"Smooth_offset"}{optimal Class offset}
#' \item{"Resid_offset"}{optimal individual offset}
#' \item{"dist_pval"} distance p-value
#' \item{"thresh_pval"} threshold p-value
#' \item{"Above"} Number of offsets with correlation bigger than threshold
#' \item{"total_thresh"} 2*M+1
#' \item{"mark1_decompostion"} plot of decomposition d1
#' \item{"mark2_decompostion"} plot of decomposition d2
#' \item{"class_correlations"} plot of class correlation
#' \item{"individual_correlations"} plot of individual correlation
#' \item{"distance_plot"} distance_plot
#' \item{"threshold_plot"} threshold_plot
#' }
fixed_width_no_modeling <- function(dat1, dat2, coarse = .25, fine = .01, window.size = .6, M = 500){
## initialize variables
x <- y <- corr <- NULL
# source("F:/MaxAngleStudy/Phd Thesis/multiplot.r")
unity <- function(x) {x / sqrt(sum(x^2))} ##function to scale the columns of a matrix and give them unit vectors
dat1 <- matrix(dat1[round(0.01*nrow(dat1)):round(0.99*nrow(dat1)),], ncol = 1)
dat2 <- matrix(dat2[round(0.01*nrow(dat2)):round(0.99*nrow(dat2)),], ncol = 1)
window <- round(min(nrow(dat1), nrow(dat2))*window.size)
##normalize and decompose the tool marks
y1 <- dat1 - stats::lowess(y = dat1, x = 1:nrow(dat1), f= coarse)$y
y1smooth <- stats::lowess(y = y1, x = 1:nrow(y1), f = fine)$y
resid1 <- as.numeric(y1 - y1smooth)
y2 <- dat2 - stats::lowess(y = dat2, x = 1:nrow(dat2), f= coarse)$y
y2smooth <- stats::lowess(y = y2, x = 1:nrow(y2), f = fine)$y
resid2 <- as.numeric(y2 - y2smooth)
##Plot the decompositions
d1 <- ggplot(aes(x = x, y= y), data = NULL) + xlab("Index") + ylab("Depth") + ggtitle("Normalized Mark Decomposition") +
geom_line(data=data.frame(x = 1:length(as.vector(y1)), y = as.vector(y1)+15), size = 1) +
geom_line(data=data.frame(x = (1:length(y1smooth)), y = y1smooth - 3), size = 1, colour = 'dimgrey') +
geom_line(data=data.frame(x = (1:length(resid1)), y = resid1 - 20), size = 1, colour = 'darkgray') +
theme(plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5))
d2 <- ggplot(aes(x = x, y=y), data = NULL) + xlab("Index") + ylab("Depth") + ggtitle("Normalized Mark Decomposition") +
geom_line(data=data.frame(x = 1:length(y2), y = y2+15), size = 1) +
geom_line(data=data.frame(x = (1:length(y2smooth)), y = y2smooth - 3), size = 1, colour = 'dimgrey') +
geom_line(data=data.frame(x = (1:length(resid2)), y = resid2 - 20), size = 1, colour = 'darkgray') +
theme(plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5))
##################################################
##Correlations for the Class (smooth) components##
##################################################
##create matrices where each column corresponds to a window in the tool mark for the class components
smooth1_mat <- matrix(NA, ncol = length(1:(length(y1smooth) - (window - 1))), nrow = window)
for(i in 1:(length(y1smooth) - (window - 1))){
smooth1_mat[,i] <- y1smooth[i:(i+(window - 1))]
}
smooth2_mat <- matrix(NA, ncol = length(1:(length(y2smooth) - (window - 1))), nrow = window)
for(i in 1:(length(y2smooth) - (window - 1))){
smooth2_mat[,i] <- y2smooth[i:(i+(window - 1))]
}
##standardize these matrices and scale them to have length 1 to make correlation computation more efficient
smooth2_mat <- apply(scale(smooth2_mat), 2, unity)
smooth1_mat <- apply(scale(smooth1_mat), 2, unity)
##Compute the correlations between all pairs of windows
##Rows in the following matrix are mark 2, columns are mark 1
corr_mat_smooth <- t(smooth2_mat) %*% smooth1_mat
##Melt the matrix to three columns
melt_corr_mat_smooth <- as.data.frame.table(corr_mat_smooth)
names(melt_corr_mat_smooth) <- c('row', 'col', 'corr')
melt_corr_mat_smooth$row <- as.integer(melt_corr_mat_smooth$row)
melt_corr_mat_smooth$col <- as.integer(melt_corr_mat_smooth$col)
##Determine the pair of windows resulting in the maximized correlation
##Eliminate the first and last M columns from consideration
melt_corr_mat_smooth_search_area <- dplyr::filter(melt_corr_mat_smooth,
row > M,
col > M,
row <= nrow(corr_mat_smooth) - M,
col <= ncol(corr_mat_smooth) - M)
max_corr_smooth <- melt_corr_mat_smooth_search_area[which(melt_corr_mat_smooth_search_area$corr == max(melt_corr_mat_smooth_search_area$corr)),]
max_corr_smooth_offset <- max_corr_smooth$row - max_corr_smooth$col
##Define the corners of the search window for easy plotting
search_area <- data.frame(x = c(M+1, ncol(corr_mat_smooth) - M, ncol(corr_mat_smooth) - M, M+1, M+1),
y = c(M+1, M+1, nrow(corr_mat_smooth) - M, nrow(corr_mat_smooth) - M, M+1))
##Plot the correlation matrix for the class components.
p1 <- ggplot2::ggplot() +
coord_fixed(ratio = 1) +
xlab("s") + ylab("t") +
ggtitle("Class") +
geom_raster(data = melt_corr_mat_smooth, aes(x = col, y = row, fill=corr)) +
geom_path(data = search_area, aes(x = x, y = y), size = 1) +
geom_point(data = max_corr_smooth, aes(x = col, y = row), size = 1.5) +
scale_fill_gradient(name = "Correlation", high = 'black', low = 'lightgray') +
theme(axis.title = element_text(size = 13),
title = element_text(size = 13),
plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5))
##Coordinates that create a diamond around the maximized location
indices <- expand.grid(row = 1:nrow(corr_mat_smooth),
col = 1:ncol(corr_mat_smooth))
##Create the diamond search window
diamond <- dplyr::filter(indices,
abs(col - max_corr_smooth$col) <= M,
abs(row - max_corr_smooth$row) <= (M - abs(col - max_corr_smooth$col)))
##Add a data point to the bottom of each column on the left side of center
diamond_left_of_center <- dplyr::filter(diamond, col - max_corr_smooth$col < 0)
# diamond_added_points <- diamond_left_of_center %>%
# group_by(col) %>%
# summarise(
# row = min(row) - 1
# )
## line below is equivalent to the above statement without using the pipe operator
diamond_added_points <- summarise(group_by(diamond_left_of_center, col), row = min(row) - 1)
diamond <- as.matrix(rbind(diamond, diamond_added_points))
###############################################################################
##Correlations for the residuals at the locations in the diamond just defined##
###############################################################################
##Create matrices where each column is a window in the individual components
resid1_mat <- matrix(NA, ncol = length(1:(length(resid1) - (window - 1))), nrow = window)
for(i in 1:(length(resid1) - (window - 1))){
resid1_mat[,i] <- resid1[i:(i+(window - 1))]
}
resid2_mat <- matrix(NA, ncol = length(1:(length(resid2) - (window - 1))), nrow = window)
for(i in 1:(length(resid2) - (window - 1))){
resid2_mat[,i] <- resid2[i:(i+(window - 1))]
}
##Compute the correlations
##Rows in the following matrix are mark 2, columns are mark 1
resid2_mat <- apply(scale(resid2_mat), 2, unity)
resid1_mat <- apply(scale(resid1_mat), 2, unity)
##Convert the correlation matrix to the long format so it can be plotted and pull out just the elements in the diamond region
corr_mat_resid <- t(resid2_mat) %*% resid1_mat
melt_corr_mat_resid <- as.data.frame.table(corr_mat_resid)
names(melt_corr_mat_resid) <- c('row', 'col', 'corr')
melt_corr_mat_resid$row <- as.integer(melt_corr_mat_resid$row)
melt_corr_mat_resid$col <- as.integer(melt_corr_mat_resid$col)
melt_diamond <- merge(diamond, melt_corr_mat_resid, by = c('row', 'col'))
##Define the corners of the search diamond for easy plotting
search_area <- data.frame(x = c(max_corr_smooth$col - M, max_corr_smooth$col, max_corr_smooth$col + M, max_corr_smooth$col, max_corr_smooth$col - M),
y = c(max_corr_smooth$row, max_corr_smooth$row + M, max_corr_smooth$row, max_corr_smooth$row - M, max_corr_smooth$row))
##Plot the correlation matrices for the individual components
p2 <- ggplot2::ggplot() +
coord_fixed(ratio = 1) +
xlab("s") + ylab("t") +
ggtitle(paste("Individual")) +
geom_raster(data = melt_corr_mat_resid, aes(x = col, y = row, fill=corr)) +
geom_point(data = max_corr_smooth, aes(x = col, y = row), size = 1.5) +
geom_path(data = search_area, aes(x = x, y = y), size = 1) +
scale_fill_gradient(name = "Correlation", high = 'black', low = 'lightgray') +
theme(axis.title = element_text(size = 13),
title = element_text(size = 13),
plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5))
##Determine the offset at each location and compute the max correlation along each offset
melt_diamond$diag <- melt_diamond$row - melt_diamond$col
# melt_diamond_summary <- melt_diamond %>% group_by(diag) %>%
# summarise(
# max = max(corr),
# count = length(corr))
## w/o the pipe this becomes less readable:
melt_diamond_summary <- summarise(group_by(melt_diamond, diag),
max = max(corr), count = length(corr))
max_melt_diamond_summary <- melt_diamond_summary[which.max(melt_diamond_summary$max), ]
##Distance P-value
dist_pval <- round((abs(max_corr_smooth_offset - max_melt_diamond_summary[1]) + 0.5) / (M + 0.5), 4)
##Threshold P-value
thresh <- melt_diamond_summary$max[which(melt_diamond_summary$diag == max_corr_smooth_offset)]
thresh_pval <- round((sum(melt_diamond_summary$max[-which(melt_diamond_summary$diag == max_corr_smooth_offset)] >= thresh) + 1) / (2 * M + 1), 4)
##Plot the maximized correlations within the diamond
p3 <- ggplot2::ggplot() +
xlab("Offset") + ylab(expression(gamma)) + ggtitle("Individual Correlation Function") +
geom_line(aes(x = melt_diamond_summary$diag, y = melt_diamond_summary$max), size = 1) +
geom_vline(xintercept = as.numeric(max_corr_smooth_offset), colour = I("black"), size = 1, lty = 2) +
theme(title = element_text(size = 14),
axis.title = element_text(size = 14),
plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5))
##Plot the maximized correlatins within the diamond with the threshold depicted
p4 <- ggplot2::ggplot() + xlab("Offset") + ylab(expression(gamma)) +
ggtitle("Individual Correlation Function") +
geom_line(aes(x = melt_diamond_summary$diag, y = melt_diamond_summary$max), size = 1) +
geom_vline(xintercept = as.numeric(max_corr_smooth_offset), colour = I("black"), size = 1, lty = 2) +
geom_hline(yintercept = thresh, colour = I("black"), size = 1, lty= 2) +
theme(title = element_text(size = 14),
axis.title = element_text(size = 14),
plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5))
return(list(max_corr = round(as.numeric(max_melt_diamond_summary[2]), 4), ##maximized indiviudal component correlation
Smooth_offset = max_corr_smooth_offset, ##optimal Class offset
Resid_offset = as.numeric(max_melt_diamond_summary[1]), ##optimal indiviudal offset
dist_pval = as.numeric(dist_pval), ##distance p-value
thresh_pval = thresh_pval, ##threshold p-value
Above = sum(melt_diamond_summary$max[-which(melt_diamond_summary$diag == max_corr_smooth_offset)] >= thresh), ##Number of offsets with correlation bigger than threshold
total_thresh = 2*M + 1,
mark1_decomposition = d1,
mark2_decomposition = d2,
class_correlations = p1,
individual_correlations = p2,
distance_plot = p3,
threshold_plot = p4)) ##total offsets considered
}
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