tests/testthat/test_direct.R

In ivmte: Instrumental Variables: Extrapolation by Marginal Treatment Effects

context("Test of direct MTR regression.")
set.seed(10L)

## Only perform this test of Gurobi is available
if (requireNamespace("gurobi", quietly = TRUE)) {
    ## Generate data
    dtm <- ivmte:::gendistMosquito()

    ## -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    ## Test point identified case
    ## -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
    results <- ivmte(data = dtm,
                     propensity = d ~ 0 + factor(z),
                     m0 = ~ 1 + u + I(u^2),
                     m1 = ~ 1 + u + I(u^2),
                     criterion.tol = 0,
                     target = "ate",
                     treat = 'd',
                     outcome = 'ey',
                     noisy = TRUE,
                     solver = 'gurobi')

    ## True coefficients from Mogstad, Torgovitsky (2018, ARE)
    coef.m0 <- c(0.9, -1.1, 0.3)
    coef.m1 <- c(0.35, -0.3, -0.05)
    true.ate <- -0.8/3
    test_that("Point identified case", {
        expect_equal(unname(results$propensity$phat), dtm$pz)
        expect_equal(unname(results$mtr.coef), c(coef.m0, coef.m1))
        expect_equal(results$point.estimate, true.ate)
    })

    ## -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    ## Test misspecified partially identified case
    ## -------------------------------------------------------------------------

    criterion.tol <- 0.5
    dtm$x <- 1
    resultsAlt <- ivmte(data = dtm,
                        propensity = d ~ 0 + factor(z),
                        m0 = ~ 1 + u + I(u^2),
                        m1 = ~ 1 + u + I(u^2) + x,
                        point = TRUE,
                        criterion.tol = criterion.tol,
                        target = 'ate',
                        outcome = 'ey',
                        initgrid.nu = 3,
                        audit.nu = 3,
                        m0.inc = TRUE,
                        m1.inc = TRUE,
                        noisy = TRUE)


    ## Construct design matrix
    dVec <- dtm$d
    pVec <- dtm$pz
    b0.0 <- (monoIntegral(1, 0) - monoIntegral(pVec, 0)) / (1 - pVec)
    b0.1 <- (monoIntegral(1, 1) - monoIntegral(pVec, 1)) / (1 - pVec)
    b0.2 <- (monoIntegral(1, 2) - monoIntegral(pVec, 2)) / (1 - pVec)
    b1.0 <- (monoIntegral(pVec, 0) - monoIntegral(0, 0)) / pVec
    b1.1 <- (monoIntegral(pVec, 1) - monoIntegral(0, 1)) / pVec
    b1.2 <- (monoIntegral(pVec, 2) - monoIntegral(0, 2)) / pVec
    fullY <- dtm$ey
    fullX <- cbind(b0.0 * (1 - dVec),
                   b0.1 * (1 - dVec),
                   b0.2 * (1 - dVec),
                   b1.0 * dVec,
                   b1.1 * dVec,
                   b1.2 * dVec)
    fullFit <- lm.fit(x = fullX, y = fullY)
    ## Check that MTR components are constructed correctly
    test_that("Verify MTR component construction", {
        expect_equal(unname(results$mtr.coef), unname(fullFit$coef))
    })

    ## Now perform regression using misspecified collinear model.
    misX <- cbind(fullX, dVec)

    ## Now generate the shape constraints.
    uGrid <- seq(0, 1, 0.25)
    evalQuad <- function(u) {
        c(1, u, u^2)
    }
    evalColQuad <- function(u) {
        c(1, u, u^2, 1)
    }
    ## Construct base matrices for boundedness
    A0 <- t(sapply(uGrid, evalQuad))
    A1 <- t(sapply(uGrid, evalColQuad))
    A <- rbind(cbind(A0, matrix(0, ncol = 4, nrow = 5)),
               cbind(matrix(0, ncol = 3, nrow = 5), A1))
    ## Duplicate base matrices: one for lb, another for ub
    A <- rbind(A, A)
    ## Construct the monotonicity constraint matrices
    monoA0 <- A0[-1, ] - A0[-5, ]
    monoA0 <- cbind(monoA0, matrix(0, ncol = 4, nrow = 4))
    monoA1 <- A1[-1, ] - A1[-5, ]
    monoA1 <- cbind(matrix(0, ncol = 3, nrow = 4), monoA1)
    ## Combine all constraint matrices together
    A <- rbind(A, monoA0, monoA1)
    ## Define the sense and rhs vectors
    sense <- c(rep('>=', 10), rep('<=', 10), rep('>=', 8))
    rhs <- c(rep(min(fullY), 10), rep(max(fullY), 10), rep(0, 8))

    ## Now define quadratic components
    yy <- sum(fullY^2)
    q <- as.vector(-2 * t(misX) %*% fullY)
    Q <- t(misX) %*% misX

    ## Now construct the object for gurobi to obtain minimum criterion
    model <- list()
    model$obj <- q
    model$Q <- Q
    model$A <- A
    model$sense <- sense
    model$rhs <- rhs
    model$lb <- rep(-Inf, 7)
    model$ub <- rep(Inf, 7)
    model$modelsense <- 'min'
    ## Obtain minimum criterion
    minobseq <- gurobi::gurobi(model, list(nonconvex = 0))

    ## Construct target parameter MTR vector
    tau <- c(-(monoIntegral(1, 0) - monoIntegral(0, 0)),
             -(monoIntegral(1, 1) - monoIntegral(0, 1)),
             -(monoIntegral(1, 2) - monoIntegral(0, 2)),
             (monoIntegral(1, 0) - monoIntegral(0, 0)),
             (monoIntegral(1, 1) - monoIntegral(0, 1)),
             (monoIntegral(1, 2) - monoIntegral(0, 2)),
             1)

    ## Now add the quadratic constraint to the model and prepare for
    ## estimating bounds.
    qc <- list()
    qc$q <- q
    qc$Qc <- Q
    qc$sense <- '<'
    qc$rhs <- minobseq$objval * (1 + criterion.tol) + yy * criterion.tol
    model$quadcon <- list(qc)
    model$Q <- NULL
    model$obj <- tau

    ## Optimize
    model$modelsense <- 'min'
    qpMin <- gurobi::gurobi(model, list(nonconvex = 0))
    model$modelsense <- 'max'
    qpMax <- gurobi::gurobi(model, list(nonconvex = 0))
    bounds <- c(qpMin$objval, qpMax$objval)
    mtrMin <- qpMin$x
    mtrMax <- qpMax$x

    ## Now check that bounds and MTR coefficients match
    test_that("Verify bounds and MTR coefficient estimates", {
        expect_equal(unname(c(resultsAlt$gstar$g0, resultsAlt$gstar$g1)),
                     tau)
        expect_equal(unname(resultsAlt$bounds), bounds, tolerance = 4e-07)
        ## Note: Individual coefficients need not match exactly.
        ## expect_equal(unname(c(resultsAlt$gstar.coef$min.g0,
        ##                       resultsAlt$gstar.coef$min.g1)),
        ##              mtrMin, tolerance = 2e-04)
        ## expect_equal(unname(c(resultsAlt$gstar.coef$max.g0,
        ##                       resultsAlt$gstar.coef$max.g1)),
        ##              mtrMax, tolerance = 1e-03)
    })
}