PND: Percentage of non-overlapping data

In SingleCaseES: A Calculator for Single-Case Effect Sizes

Description

Calculates the percentage of non-overlapping data index (Scruggs, Mastropieri, & Castro, 1987).

Usage

PND(
  A_data,
  B_data,
  condition,
  outcome,
  baseline_phase = unique(condition)[1],
  improvement = "increase"
)

Arguments

A_data	vector of numeric data for A phase. Missing values are dropped.
B_data	vector of numeric data for B phase. Missing values are dropped.
condition	vector identifying the treatment condition for each observation in the series.
outcome	vector of outcome data for the entire series.
baseline_phase	character string specifying which value of condition corresponds to the baseline phase. Defaults to first observed value of condition.
improvement	character string indicating direction of improvement. Default is "increase".

Details

For an outcome where increase is desirable, PND is calculated as the proportion of observations in the B phase that exceed the highest observation from the A phase. For an outcome where decrease is desirable, PND is the proportion of observations in the B phase that are less than the lowest observation from the A phase. The range of PND is [0,1].

Value

Numeric value

References

Scruggs, T. E., Mastropieri, M. A., & Casto, G. (1987). The quantitative synthesis of single-subject research: Methodology and validation. Remedial and Special Education, 8(2), 24–43. doi:doi: 10.1177/074193258700800206

Examples

A <- c(20, 20, 26, 25, 22, 23)
B <- c(28, 25, 24, 27, 30, 30, 29)
PND(A_data = A, B_data = B)

SingleCaseES documentation built on Sept. 30, 2021, 5:09 p.m.