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R/mnet_summarize.R
In mesonet: Download and Process Oklahoma Mesonet Data
Defines functions
round_date
calc_sdir
calc_sdir_freq
calc_pdir_freq
calc_pdir
wdir_to_cardinal
rename_daily_columns
units_sd
srad_sum
gt0_count
min_count
max_count
unlist_units
qc_summary
summarize_across
mnet_summarize
Documented in
mnet_summarize
# To handle "no visible binding for global variable" NOTEs during checking:
utils::globalVariables("TAIR_avg")
#' Produce a daily summary of Oklahoma Mesonet subdaily data
#'
#' @param sub_daily a data frame with subdaily measurements from the Oklahoma Mesonet
#' such as that produced by [mnet_read_mts()].
#'
#' @param tz a length-one character vector specifying which time zone to use for daily summary. Use
#' [base::OlsonNames()] to obtain a listing of valid available time zones.
#'
#' @param interval the interval over which to summarize data. May be defined as
#' a difftime object (see [base::difftime()]) or a character value compatible
#' with [units::as_units()]. Tested intervals include "1 day" (the default),
#' "30 min", and "1 hour", although other intervals may work (e.g. "3 hours").
#'
#' @param include_qc_variables a length-one logical vector specifying whether or
#' or not to include quality control variables (e.g. number of errant
#' observations) in the output
#'
#' @md
#'
#' @return A data frame with daily summaries of Oklahoma Mesonet data. See
#' [mnet_variable_definition()] or the table below for the ID, variable name,
#' unit and description for each column.
#'
#' |**ID** |**Variable Name** |**Unit** |**Description** |
#' |:------|:-------------------------------------------------------------------------|:--------------------------------|:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
#' |2AVG |Average Wind Speed at 2m |meters per second |Average of all 5-minute 2m wind speed observations each day. |
#' |2BAD |Number of Errant 2m Wind Speed Observations |number of 5-minute observations |Number of errant 5-minute 2m wind speed observations each day. |
#' |2DEV |Standard Deviation of Wind Speed at 2m |meters per second |Standard deviation of the wind speed at 2m during a 5-minute observation period. |
#' |2MAX |Maximum 2m Wind Speed |meters per second |Highest 5-minute averaged 2m wind speed measurement each day. |
#' |2MIN |Minimum 2m Wind Speed |meters per second |Lowest 5-minute averaged 2m wind speed measurement each day. |
#' |9AVG |Average Air Temperature at 9m |degrees Celsius |Average of all 5-minute averaged 9-m air temperature observations each day. |
#' |9BAD |Number of Errant 9m Air Temperature Observations |number of 5-minute observations |Number of errant 5-minute 9m air temperature observations each day. |
#' |ABAD |Number of Errant Solar Radiation Observations |number of 5-minute observations |Number of errant 5-minute solar radiation observations each day. |
#' |AMAX |Maximum Solar Radiation |Watts per square meter |Highest 5-minute averaged solar radiation measurement each day. |
#' |AMAXO |Maximum Solar Radiation Observation Number |5-minute observation number |Daily observation number that measured highest 5-minute averaged solar radiation value each day |
#' |ATOT |Total Solar Radiation |mega Joules per square meter |Daily accumulation of solar radiation each day. |
#' |B5AV |Average Temperature Under Bare Soil at 5cm |degrees Celsius |Average of all 15-minute averaged soil temperature observations each day. |
#' |B5BD |Number of Errant Temperature Under Bare Soil at 5cm Observations |number of 15-minute observations |Number of errant 15-minute temperature under bare soil at 5cm observations each day. This variable is only available prior to December 1, 2013. |
#' |B5MN |Minimum Temperature Under Bare Soil at 5cm |degrees Celsius |Lowest 15-minute averaged soil temperature observation each day. This variable is only available prior to December 1, 2013. |
#' |B5MNO |Minimum Temperature Under Bare Soil at 5cm Observation Number |15-minute observation number |Daily 15-minute observation number that measured minimum temperature under bare soil at 5cm each day. This variable is only available prior to December 1, 2013. |
#' |B5MX |Maximum Temperature Bare Soil at 5cm |degrees Celsius |Highest 15-minute averaged soil temperature observation each day. This variable is only available prior to December 1, 2013. |
#' |B5MXO |Maximum Temperature Under Bare Soil at 5cm Observation Number |15-minute observation number |Daily 15-minute observation number that measured maximum temperature under bare soil at 5cm each day. This variable is only available prior to December 1, 2013. |
#' |BAVG |Average Temperature Under Bare Soil at 10cm |degrees Celsius |Average of all 15-minute averaged soil temperature observations each day. This variable is only available prior to December 1, 2013. |
#' |BBAD |Number of Errant Temperature Under Bare Soil at 10cm Observations |number of 15-minute observations |Number of errant 15-minute temperature under bare soil at 10cm observations each day. |
#' |BMAX |Maximum Temperature Bare Soil at 10cm |degrees Celsius |Highest 15-minute averaged soil temperature observation each day. |
#' |BMAXO |Maximum Temperature Under Bare Soil at 10cm Observation Number |15-minute observation number |Daily 15-minute observation number that measured maximum temperature under bare soil at 10cm each day. |
#' |BMIN |Minimum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 10cm |degrees Celsius |Lowest 15-minute averaged soil temperature observation each day. |
#' |BMINO |Minimum Temperature Under Bare Soil at 10cm Observation Number |15-minute observation number |Daily 15-minute observation number that measured minimum temperature under bare soil at 10cm each day. |
#' |CDEG |Cooling Degree Days |degrees Celsius |Number of degrees Celsius that the average daily air temperature is greater than 65 degrees Celsius . |
#' |DATE |Date of summary in Central Standard Time | | |
#' |DAVG |Average Dewpoint Temperature |degrees Celsius |Average of all 5-minute averaged dewpoint temperatures each day. Dewpoint temperature is derived from 1.5m air temperature and the corresponding humidity value. |
#' |DBAD |Number of Errant Dewpoint Temperature Observations |number of 5-minute observations |Number of errant 5-minute dewpoint temperature observations each day. |
#' |DMAX |Maximum Dewpoint Temperature |degrees Celsius |Highest 5-minute averaged dewpoint temperature each day. Dewpoint temperature is derived from 1.5m air temperature and the corresponding humidity value. |
#' |DMAXO |Maximum Daily Dewpoint Temperature Observation Number |5-minute observation number |Daily observation number that measured highest 5-minute averaged dewpoint temperature each day. |
#' |DMIN |Minimum Dewpoint Temperature |degrees Celsius |Lowest 5-minute averaged dewpoint temperature each day. Dewpoint temperature is derived from 1.5m air temperature and the corresponding humidity value. |
#' |DMINO |Minimum Daily Dewpoint Temperature Observation Number |5-minute observation number |Daily observation number that measured lowest 5-minute averaged dewpoint temperature each day. |
#' |HAVG |Average Humidity |percent |Average of all 5-minute averaged humidity observations each day. |
#' |HBAD |Number of Errant Humidity Observations |number of 5-minute observations |Number of errant 5-minute humidity observations each day. |
#' |HDEG |Heating Degree Days |degrees Celsius |Number of degrees Celsius that the average daily air temperature is less than 18.3 degrees Celsius. |
#' |HMAX |Maximum Humidity |percent |Highest 5-minute averaged humidity observation reported each day. |
#' |HMAXO |Maximum Daily Humidity Observation Number |5-minute observation number |Daily observation number that measured highest 5-minute averaged humidity each day. |
#' |HMIN |Minimum Humidity |percent |Lowest 5-minute averaged humidity observation reported each day. |
#' |HMINO |Minimum Daily Humidity Observation Number |5-minute observation number |Daily observation number that measured lowest 5-minute averaged humidity each day. |
#' |HTBAD |Number of Errant Heat Index Observations |number of 5-minute observations |Number of errant 5-minute heat index observations each day. |
#' |HTMX |Maximum Heat Index Temperature |degrees Celsius |Largest 5-minute averaged heat index observation each day. Derived using 5-minute averaged air temperature and corresponding 5-minute averaged humidity observation. |
#' |HTMXO |Maximum Daily Heat Index Observation Number |5-minute observation number |Daily observation number that measured highest 5-minute averaged heat index each day. |
#' |IBAD |Number of Errant Wind Direction Observations |number of 5-minute observations |Number of errant 5-minute 10m wind direction observations each day. |
#' |MSLP |Mean Sea Level Pressure |inches of mercury |Average of all 5-minute averaged station air pressure observations adjusted for station elevation each day. |
#' |PAVG |Average Station Pressure |inches of mercury |Average of all 5-minute averaged station air pressure observations each day. |
#' |PBAD |Number of Errant Station Pressure Observations |number of 5-minute observations |Number of errant 5-minute station pressure observations each day. |
#' |PDFQ |Primary Wind Direction Frequency |percentage |Frequency of observations in the given wind direction category. |
#' |PDIR |Primary Wind Direction |16-point cardinal direction |Most common wind direction for the day based on 16-point compass heading (i.e., 0 is N; 1 is NNE; 15 is NNW). |
#' |PMAX |Maximum Station Pressure |inches of mercury |Highest 5-minute averaged station air pressure observation each day. |
#' |PMAXO |Maximum Daily Station Pressure Observation Number |5-minute observation number |Daily observation number that measured highest 5-minute averaged station pressure each day. |
#' |PMIN |Minimum Station Pressure |inches of mercury |Lowest 5-minute averaged station air pressure observation each day. |
#' |PMINO |Minimum Daily Station Pressure Observation Number |5-minute observation number |Daily observation number that measured lowest 5-minute averaged station pressure each day. |
#' |R05BD |Number of Errant Soil Moisture Calibrated Delta-T at 5cm Observations |number of 30-minute observations |Number of errant 30-minute calibrated delta-t at 5cm observations. |
#' |R25BD |Number of Errant Soil Moisture Calibrated Delta-T at 25cm Observations |number of 30-minute observations |Number of errant 30-minute calibrated delta-t at 25cm observations. |
#' |R60BD |Number of Errant Soil Moisture Calibrated Delta-T at 60cm Observations |number of 30-minute observations |Number of errant 30-minute calibrated delta-t at 60cm observations. |
#' |R75BD |Number of Errant Soil Moisture Calibrated Delta-T at 75cm Observations |number of 30-minute observations |*Decommissioned March 2012. Number of errant 30-minute calibrated delta-t at 75cm observations. |
#' |RAIN |Rain |inches |Liquid precipitation measured each day. Frozen precipitation cannot be recorded until it melts; therefore, precipitation from snow may not be recorded until several days after the snow event. |
#' |RBAD |Number of Errant 5-minute Rain Observations |number of 5-minute observations |Number of errant 5-minute rain observations each day. |
#' |RMAX |Maximum 5-minute Rainfall Rate |inches per hour |Highest 5-minute averaged rainfall rate each day. |
#' |RNUM |Number of 5-minute Rainy Periods |number of 5-minute observations |Number of 5-minute observations in which precipitation increased. Frozen precipitation cannot be recorded until it melts; therefore precipitation from snow may not be recorded until several days after the snow event. |
#' |S25AV |Average Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 25cm |degrees Celsius |Average of all 15-minute averaged soil temperature observations each day. This variable is only available after and including December 1, 2013. |
#' |S25BD |Number of Errant Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 25cm Observations |number of 15-minute observations |Number of errant 15-minute temperature under native vegetation at 25cm observations each day. This variable is only available after and including December 1, 2013. |
#' |S25MN |Minimum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 25cm |degrees Celsius |Lowest 15-minute averaged soil temperature observation each day. This variable is only available after and including December 1, 2013. |
#' |S25MX |Maximum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 25cm |degrees Celsius |Highest 15-minute averaged soil temperature observation each day. This variable is only available after and including December 1, 2013. |
#' |S25NO |Minimum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 25cm Observation Number |15-minute observation number |Daily 15-minute observation number that measured minimum temperature under native vegetation at 25cm each day. This variable is only available after and including December 1, 2013. |
#' |S25XO |Maximum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 25cm Observation Number |15-minute observation number |Daily 15-minute observation number that measured maximum temperature under native vegetation at 25cm each day. This variable is only available after and including December 1, 2013. |
#' |S3AV |Average Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 30cm |degrees Celsius |Average of all 15-minute averaged soil temperature observations each day. This variable is only available prior to December 1, 2013. |
#' |S3BD |Number of Errant Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 30cm Observations |number of 15-minute observations |Number of errant 15-minute temperature under native vegetation at 30cm observations each day. This variable is only available prior to December 1, 2013. |
#' |S3MN |Minimum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 30cm |degrees Celsius |Lowest 15-minute averaged soil temperature observation each day. This variable is only available prior to December 1, 2013. |
#' |S3MNO |Minimum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 30cm Observation Number |15-minute observation number |Daily 15-minute observation number that measured minimum temperature under native vegetation at 30cm each day. This variable is only available prior to December 1, 2013. |
#' |S3MX |Maximum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 30cm |degrees Celsius |Highest 15-minute averaged soil temperature observation each day. This variable is only available prior to December 1, 2013. |
#' |S3MXO |Maximum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 30cm Observation Number |15-minute observation number |Daily 15-minute observation number that measured maximum temperature under native vegetation at 30cm each day. This variable is only available prior to December 1, 2013. |
#' |S5AV |Average Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 5cm |degrees Celsius |Average of all 15-minute averaged soil temperature observations each day. |
#' |S5BD |Number of Errant Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 5cm Observations |number of 15-minute observations |Number of errant 15-minute temperature under native vegetation at 5cm observations each day. |
#' |S5MN |Minimum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 5cm |degrees Celsius |Lowest 15-minute averaged soil temperature observation each day. |
#' |S5MNO |Minimum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 5cm Observation Number |15-minute observation number |Daily 15-minute observation number that measured minimum temperature under native vegetation at 5cm each day. |
#' |S5MX |Maximum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 5cm |degrees Celsius |Highest 15-minute averaged soil temperature observation each day. |
#' |S5MXO |Maximum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 5cm Observation Number |15-minute observation number |Daily 15-minute observation number that measured maximum temperature under native vegetation at 5cm each day. |
#' |S60AV |Average Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 60cm |degrees Celsius |Average of all 15-minute averaged soil temperature observations each day. This variable is only available after and including December 1, 2013. |
#' |S60BD |Number of Errant Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 60cm Observations |number of 15-minute observations |Number of errant 15-minute temperature under native vegetation at 60cm observations each day. This variable is only available after and including December 1, 2013. |
#' |S60MN |Minimum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 60cm |degrees Celsius |Lowest 15-minute averaged soil temperature observation each day. This variable is only available after and including December 1, 2013. |
#' |S60MX |Maximum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 60cm |degrees Celsius |Highest 15-minute averaged soil temperature observation each day. This variable is only available after and including December 1, 2013. |
#' |S60NO |Minimum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 60cm Observation Number |15-minute observation number |Daily 15-minute observation number that measured minimum temperature under native vegetation at 60cm each day. This variable is only available after and including December 1, 2013. |
#' |S60XO |Maximum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 60cm Observation Number |15-minute observation number |Daily 15-minute observation number that measured maximum temperature under native vegetation at 60cm each day. This variable is only available after and including December 1, 2013. |
#' |SAVG |Average Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 10cm |degrees Celsius |Average of all 15-minute averaged soil temperature observations each day. |
#' |SBAD |Number of Errant Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 10cm Observations |number of 15-minute observations |Number of errant 15-minute temperature under native vegetation at 10cm observations each day. |
#' |SDFQ |Secondary Wind Direction Frequency |percentage |Frequency of observations in the given wind direction category. |
#' |SDIR |Secondary Wind Direction |16-point cardinal direction |Second most common wind direction for the day based on 16-point compass heading. |
#' |SMAX |Maximum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 10cm |degrees Celsius |Highest 15-minute averaged soil temperature observation each day. |
#' |SMAXO |Maximum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 10cm Observation Number |15-minute observation number |Daily 15-minute observation number that measured maximum temperature under native vegetation at 10cm each day. |
#' |SMIN |Minimum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 10cm |degrees Celsius |Lowest 15-minute averaged soil temperature observation each day. |
#' |SMINO |Minimum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 10cm Observation Number |15-minute observation number |Daily 15-minute observation number that measured minimum temperature under native vegetation at 10cm each day. |
#' |STID |Station ID | |Station ID |
#' |TAVG |Average Air Temperature |degrees Celsius |Average of all 5-minute averaged temperature observations each day. |
#' |TBAD |Number of Errant 1.5m Air Temperature Observations |number of 5-minute observations |Number of errant 5-minute averaged 1.5m air temperature observations each day. |
#' |TMAX |Maximum Daily Air Temperature |degrees Celsius |Highest 5-minute averaged temperature observation reported each day. |
#' |TMAXO |Maximum Daily Air Temperature Observation Number |5-minute observation number |Daily observation number that measured highest 5-minute averaged 1.5 m air temperature each day. |
#' |TMIN |Minimum Daily Air Temperature |degrees Celsius |Lowest 5-minute averaged temperature observation reported each day. |
#' |TMINO |Minimum Daily Air Temperature Observation Number |5-minute observation number |Daily observation number that measured lowest 5-minute averaged 1.5 m air temperature each day. |
#' |TR05 |Soil Moisture Calibrated Delta-T at 5cm |degrees Celsius |Calibrated change in temperature of soil over time after a heat pulse is introduced. Used to calculate soil water potential, fractional water index, or volumetric water. |
#' |TR25 |Soil Moisture Calibrated Delta-T at 25cm |degrees Celsius |Calibrated change in temperature of soil over time after a heat pulse is introduced. Used to calculate soil water potential, fractional water index, or volumetric water. |
#' |TR60 |Soil Moisture Calibrated Delta-T at 60cm |degrees Celsius |Calibrated change in temperature of soil over time after a heat pulse is introduced. Used to calculate soil water potential, fractional water index, or volumetric water. |
#' |TR75 |Soil Moisture Calibrated Delta-T at 75cm |degrees Celsius |*Decommissioned March 2012. Calibrated change in temperature of soil over time after a heat pulse is introduced. Used to calculate soil water potential, fractional water index, or volumetric water. |
#' |VDEF |Average Daily Vapor Deficit |millibars |Average of all 5-minute averaged vapor deficit estimates each day. |
#' |WBAD |Number of Errant Wind Speed Observations |number of 5-minute observations |Number of errant 5-minute 10m wind speed observations each day. |
#' |WCBAD |Number of Errant Wind Chill Observations |number of 5-minute observations |Number of errant 5-minute wind chill observations each day. |
#' |WCMN |Minimum Wind Chill Index Temperature |degrees Celsius |Lowest 5-minute averaged wind chill observation each day. Derived using 5-minute averaged air temperature and corresponding 5-minute averaged 10-m wind speed observation. |
#' |WCMNO |Minimum Daily Wind Chill Observation Number |5-minute observation number |Daily observation number that measured lowest 5-minute averaged wind chill each day. |
#' |WDEV |Standard Deviation of Wind Speed at 10m |meters per second |Standard deviation of the wind speed at 10m during a 5-minute observation period. |
#' |WMAX |Maximum Wind Gust |meters per second |Highest 3-second wind speed measurement each day. |
#' |WMAXO |Maximum Wind Gust Observation Number |5-minute observation number |Daily 5-minute observation number that measured maximum wind gust each day. |
#' |WSMN |Minimum Wind Speed |meters per second |Lowest 5-minute averaged 10m wind speed measurement each day. |
#' |WSMNO |Minimum Wind Speed Observation Number |5-minute observation number |Daily 5-minute observation number that measured minimum wind speed at 10m each day. |
#' |WSMX |Maximum Wind Speed |meters per second |Highest 5-minute averaged 10m wind speed measurement each day. |
#' |WSMXO |Maximum Wind Speed Observation Number |5-minute observation number |Daily 5-minute observation number that measured maximum wind speed at 10m each day. |
#' |WSPD |Average Wind Speed |meters per second |Average of all 5-minute wind speed observations each day. |
#'
#' @examples
#'
#' \dontshow{
#' mesonet_cache_dir <- mnet_test_cache(rds_files = TRUE)
#' previous_options <- options(.mesonet_cache = mesonet_cache_dir)
#' }
#'
#' # Retrieve some data to summarize:
#' mesonet_data <- mnet_retrieve(stid = "ACME",
#' start_date = "1994-01-02",
#' end_date = "1994-01-03")
#'
#' # Interval is 1 day by default:
#' mnet_summarize(mesonet_data)
#'
#' # Summarize to hourly:
#' mnet_summarize(mesonet_data,
#' interval = "1 hour")
#'
#' \dontshow{
#' unlink(mesonet_cache_dir, recursive = TRUE)
#' options(previous_options)
#' }
#'
#' @export
#'
mnet_summarize <- function(sub_daily,
tz = "Etc/GMT+6",
interval = "1 day",
include_qc_variables = FALSE){
stopifnot(any(c("character", "difftime") %in% class(interval)))
if(is.character(interval)){
interval <-
units::as_units(interval) |>
units::set_units("sec") |>
units::drop_units() |>
as.difftime(units = "secs")
}
int_adj <-
{units::as_units(interval)/units::set_units(1, "day")} |>
units::drop_units()
num <- c(
obs = floor(288*int_adj),
srad = floor(288*int_adj),
stemp = floor(96*int_adj),
smoist = floor(48*int_adj)
)
thrsh <- floor(num*.9)
if(interval == as.difftime(1, units = "days")){
thrsh["srad"] <- floor(num["srad"]*0.95)
}
threshold_temperature <-
units::set_units(65, "Fahrenheit") |>
units::set_units("Celsius")
sub_daily <-
sub_daily |>
within({
DATE = round_date(DATE, interval, tz)
})
daily <- list(
# TAIR to TDEW
summarize_across(
.data = sub_daily,
.cols = c("TAIR", "RELH", "WSPD", "PRES", "WS2M", "TDEW"),
.fns = list(
# 260 is at least 90% of the 288 5-minute observations per day
min = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, min, thrsh["obs"]),
avg = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, mean, thrsh["obs"]),
max = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, max, thrsh["obs"])),
.groups = c("STNM", "STID", "DATE")),
# WDIR
summarize_across(
.data = sub_daily,
.cols = c("WDIR"),
.fns = list(
# 260 is at least 90% of the 288 5-minute observations per day
pdir = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, calc_pdir, thrsh["obs"]),
sdir = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, calc_sdir, thrsh["obs"])),
.groups = c("STNM", "STID", "DATE")),
# RAIN
summarize_across(
.data = sub_daily,
.cols = c("RAIN"),
.fns = list(
# 260 is at least 90% of the 288 5-minute observations per day
sum = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, sum, thrsh["obs"]),
max = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, max, thrsh["obs"])),
.groups = c("STNM", "STID", "DATE")),
# SRAD sum
summarize_across(
.data = sub_daily,
.cols = c("SRAD"),
.fns = list(
# 260 is at least 90% of the 288 5-minute observations per day
sum = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, srad_sum, thrsh["srad"], interval = interval)),
.groups = c("STNM", "STID", "DATE")),
# WMAX and SRAD max and max_count
summarize_across(
.data = sub_daily,
.cols = c("WMAX", "SRAD"),
.fns = list(
# 260 is at least 90% of the 288 5-minute observations per day
max = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, max, thrsh["obs"])),
.groups = c("STNM", "STID", "DATE")),
# TA9M and VDEF avg
summarize_across(
.data = sub_daily,
.cols = c("TA9M", "VDEF"),
.fns = list(
# 260 is at least 90% of the 288 5-minute observations per day
avg = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, mean, thrsh["obs"])),
.groups = c("STNM", "STID", "DATE")),
# Soil temperature
summarize_across(
.data = sub_daily,
.cols = c("TS05", "TS10", "TS25", "TS30", "TS60", "TB05", "TB10"),
.fns = list(# 87 is at least 90% of the 96 15-minute observations per day
min = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, min, thrsh["stemp"]),
avg = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, mean, thrsh["stemp"]),
max = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, max, thrsh["stemp"])),
.groups = c("STNM", "STID", "DATE")),
# Soil moisture
summarize_across(
.data = sub_daily,
.cols = c("TR05", "TR25", "TR60", "TR75", "VW05", "VW25", "VW45"),
.fns = list(# 44 is at least 90% of the 48 30-minute observations per day
avg = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, mean, thrsh["smoist"])),
.groups = c("STNM", "STID", "DATE"))
)
if(include_qc_variables){
daily_qc <- list(
# TAIR to TDEW
summarize_across(
.data = sub_daily,
.cols = c("TAIR", "RELH", "WSPD", "PRES"),
.fns = list(
# 260 is at least 90% of the 288 5-minute observations per day
maxo = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, max_count, thrsh["obs"]),
mino = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, min_count, thrsh["obs"])),
.groups = c("STNM", "STID", "DATE")),
# WMAX and SRAD max and max_count
summarize_across(
.data = sub_daily,
.cols = c("WMAX", "SRAD"),
.fns = list(
# 260 is at least 90% of the 288 5-minute observations per day
max_count = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, max_count, thrsh["obs"])),
.groups = c("STNM", "STID", "DATE")),
# PDFQ and SDFQ
summarize_across(
.data = sub_daily,
.cols = c("WDIR"),
.fns = list(
# 260 is at least 90% of the 288 5-minute observations per day
pdfq = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, calc_pdir_freq, thrsh["obs"]),
sdfq = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, calc_sdir_freq, thrsh["obs"])),
.groups = c("STNM", "STID", "DATE")),
# RAIN
summarize_across(
.data = sub_daily,
.cols = c("RAIN"),
.fns = list(
# 260 is at least 90% of the 288 5-minute observations per day
gt0 = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, gt0_count, thrsh["obs"])),
.groups = c("STNM", "STID", "DATE")),
# Number of bad/missing observations for TAIR through SRAD
summarize_across(
.data = sub_daily,
.cols = c("TAIR", "RELH", "WSPD", "WDIR", "PRES", "WS2M",
"TDEW", "TA9M", "RAIN", "SRAD"),
.fns = list(bad = \(.x) num["obs"] - sum(!is.na(.x))),
.groups = c("STNM", "STID", "DATE")),
# Number of bad/missing observations for soil temperature
summarize_across(
.data = sub_daily,
.cols = c("TS05", "TS10", "TS25", "TS30", "TS60", "TB05", "TB10"),
.fns = list(# Soil temperature are 15-min observations so 96 would be
# no missing data, 87 would be > 90% complete data:
bad = \(.x) num["stemp"] - sum(!is.na(.x)),
maxo = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, max_count, thrsh["stemp"]),
mino = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, min_count, thrsh["stemp"])),
.groups = c("STNM", "STID", "DATE")),
# Number of bad/missing observations for soil moisture
summarize_across(
.data = sub_daily,
.cols = c("TR05", "TR25", "TR60", "TR75"),
.fns = list(# Soil moisture are 30-min observations so 48 would be
# no missing data
bad = \(.x) num["smoist"] - sum(!is.na(.x))),
.groups = c("STNM", "STID", "DATE"))
)
daily <- c(daily, daily_qc)
}
daily <- daily[!sapply(daily, is.null)]
# Drop STNM, STID, and DATE to avoid column name duplication
if(length(daily) > 1){
for(i in 2:length(daily)){
keep_cols <- grep("(^STNM$)|(^STID$)|(^DATE$)",
colnames(daily[[i]]),
invert = TRUE)
daily[[i]] <- daily[[i]][, keep_cols, drop = FALSE]
}
}
daily <-
daily |>
do.call(cbind.data.frame, args = _) |>
within({
if(exists("TAIR_avg", inherits = FALSE)){
CDEG = max(TAIR_avg - threshold_temperature,
units::set_units(0, "Celsius"))
HDEG = max(threshold_temperature - TAIR_avg,
units::set_units(0, "Celsius"))
}
if(exists("RAIN_max", inherits = FALSE)){
# Convert mm per 5 min to mm per h
RAIN_max = units::set_units(units::drop_units(RAIN_max)*60/5, "mm/h")
}
}) |>
standardize_column_names() |>
standardize_column_order()
return(daily)
}
summarize_across <- function(.data, .cols, .fns, .groups = NULL){
if(any(!.cols %in% colnames(.data))){
.cols[!.cols %in% colnames(.data)] |>
paste0(collapse = ", ") |>
paste0("The following variables were missing from dataset and will not be summarized:\n ", .x = _) |>
warning()
}
.cols <- .cols[.cols %in% colnames(.data)]
if(any(!.groups %in% colnames(.data))){
.groups[!.groups %in% colnames(.data)] |>
paste0(collapse = ", ") |>
paste0("The following grouping variables were missing from dataset and will not be used:\n ", .x = _) |>
warning()
}
.groups <- .groups[.groups %in% colnames(.data)]
if(length(.cols) == 0) return(NULL)
if(!is.list(.fns)) .fns <- list(fun = .fns)
if(is.null(names(.fns))){
names(.fns) <- paste0("fn", seq_along(.fns))
}
if(is.null(.groups)){
.data_sub <-
list(.data)
}else{
.data_sub <-
rev(.groups) |>
paste0(collapse = "+") |>
paste0("~", x = _) |>
stats::as.formula() |>
split(.data, f = _)
}
new_cols <- expand.grid(.fns = .fns, .cols = .cols, stringsAsFactors = FALSE) |>
within({
.cname = paste0(.cols, "_", names(.fns))
})
data_out <- vector("list", length = nrow(new_cols) + length(.groups))
names(data_out) <- c(.groups, new_cols$.cname)
for(.col in .groups){
data_out[[.col]] <-
.data_sub |>
lapply(\(.x) utils::head(.x[[.col]], 1)) |>
unlist() |>
unname()
if("POSIXct" %in% class(.data_sub[[1]][[.col]])){
data_out[[.col]] <- as.POSIXct(data_out[[.col]],
tz = attr(.data_sub[[1]][[.col]], "tzone"))
}else if("Date" %in% class(.data_sub[[1]][[.col]])){
data_out[[.col]] <- as.Date(data_out[[.col]])
}
}
for(i in 1:nrow(new_cols)){
data_out[[new_cols[i, ".cname"]]] <-
.data_sub |>
lapply(\(.x) new_cols$.fns[[i]](.x[[new_cols[i, ".cols"]]])) |>
unname() |>
unlist_units()
}
data_out <- as.data.frame(data_out,
check.names = FALSE,
stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
return(data_out)
}
qc_summary <- function(x, FUN, min_n_obs = 260, ...){
n_obs <- sum(!is.na(x))
if(n_obs < min_n_obs){
value <- suppressWarnings(FUN(x, na.rm=TRUE, ...))
value[] <- NA
}else{
value <- FUN(x, na.rm=TRUE, ...)
}
return(value)
}
unlist_units <- function(x){
x_out <- unlist(x)
if("units" %in% class(x[[1]])){
attr(x_out, "units") <- attr(x[[1]], "units")
class(x_out) <- "units"
}
x_out
}
max_count <- function(x, na.rm = FALSE){
if(any(!is.na(x))){
sum(x[!is.na(x)] == max(x, na.rm = na.rm))
}else{
NA_real_
}
}
min_count <- function(x, na.rm = FALSE){
if(any(!is.na(x))){
sum(x[!is.na(x)] == min(x, na.rm = na.rm))
}else{
NA_real_
}
}
gt0_count <- function(x, na.rm = FALSE){
if(any(!is.na(x))){
if("units" %in% class(x)){
sum(units::drop_units(x) > 0, na.rm = na.rm)
}else{
sum(x > 0, na.rm = na.rm)
}
}else{
NA_real_
}
}
srad_sum <- function(x, na.rm = FALSE, interval = as.difftime(1, units = "days")){
if(any(!is.na(x))){
mean(units::set_units(x, "megajoule/m2/d"), na.rm = na.rm)
}else{
units::set_units(NA_real_, "megajoule/m2/d")
}
}
units_sd <- function(x, na.rm = FALSE){
units::keep_units(stats::sd, x, na.rm = na.rm)
}
rename_daily_columns <- function(col_names){
replacements <- c("TAIR_" = "T",
"RELH_" = "H",
"TDEW_" = "D",
"PRES_" = "P",
"WS2M_" = "2",
"TA9M_" = "9",
"WSPD_m.(.)" = "WSM\\1",
"WSPD_avg" = "WSPD",
"WDIR_bad" = "IBAD",
"RAIN_" = "R",
"SRAD_" = "A",
"TB05_avg" = "B5AV",
"TB05_(.).(.)" = "B5\\1\\2",
"TB10_" = "B",
"TS05_avg" = "S5AV",
"TS05_(.).(.)$" = "S5\\1\\2",
"T(S3)0_avg" = "\\1AV",
"T(S3)0_(.).(.)$" = "\\1\\2\\3",
"T(R|S)([0-9]{2})_bad" = "\\1\\2BD",
"T(R|S)([0-9]{2})_avg" = "\\1\\2AV",
"T(R|S)([0-9]{2})_(.).(.)$" = "\\1\\2\\3\\4",
"T(R|S)([0-9]{2})_..(.)o$" = "\\1\\2\\3O")
for(i in seq_along(replacements)){
col_names <- gsub(names(replacements)[i], replacements[i], col_names)
}
col_names |>
toupper()
}
wdir_to_cardinal <- function(wdir){
cdir <- c("N", "NNE", "NE", "ENE",
"E", "ESE", "SE", "SSE",
"S", "SSW", "SW", "WSW",
"W", "WNW", "NW", "NNW")
increment <- 360/length(cdir)
wdir_tmp <- units::drop_units(wdir) + increment/2
wdir_tmp[wdir_tmp >= 360] <- wdir_tmp[wdir_tmp >= 360] - 360
cdir[floor(wdir_tmp / increment + 1)]
}
calc_pdir <- function(wdir, na.rm = TRUE){
if(all(is.na(wdir))) return(NA_integer_)
if(na.rm) wdir <- wdir[!is.na(wdir)]
wdir_to_cardinal(wdir) |>
table() |>
sort(decreasing = TRUE) |>
names() |>
utils::head(1)
}
calc_pdir_freq <- function(wdir, na.rm = TRUE){
if(all(is.na(wdir))) return(NA_integer_)
if(na.rm) wdir <- wdir[!is.na(wdir)]
wdir_tab <-
wdir_to_cardinal(wdir) |>
table() |>
sort(decreasing = TRUE)
units::set_units(wdir_tab[1]/sum(wdir_tab)*100, "percent")
}
calc_sdir_freq <- function(wdir, na.rm = TRUE){
if(all(is.na(wdir))) return(NA_integer_)
if(na.rm) wdir <- wdir[!is.na(wdir)]
wdir_tab <-
wdir_to_cardinal(wdir) |>
table() |>
sort(decreasing = TRUE)
if(length(wdir_tab) > 1){
return(units::set_units(wdir_tab[2]/sum(wdir_tab)*100, "percent"))
}else{
return(units::set_units(wdir_tab[1]/sum(wdir_tab)*100, "percent"))
}
}
calc_sdir <- function(wdir, na.rm = TRUE){
if(all(is.na(wdir))) return(NA_integer_)
if(na.rm) wdir <- wdir[!is.na(wdir)]
wdir_to_cardinal(wdir) |>
table() |>
sort(decreasing = TRUE) |>
names() |>
utils::head(2) |>
utils::tail(1)
}
round_date <- function(time, interval, tz = ""){
if(tz == "") tz <- attr(time, "tzone")
if(interval == as.difftime(1, units = "days")){
t_offset <- c(as.POSIXct("1970-01-01", tz = attr(time, "tzone")),
as.POSIXct("1970-01-01", tz = tz)) |>
diff()
time_out <- as.POSIXct(as.Date(time, tz = tz), tz = tz) + t_offset
}else{
int_dbl <- as.double(interval, units = "secs")
time_out <- as.POSIXct((as.numeric(time) %/% int_dbl + 1)*int_dbl, tz = tz)
}
return(time_out)
}
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Defines functions round_date calc_sdir calc_sdir_freq calc_pdir_freq calc_pdir wdir_to_cardinal rename_daily_columns units_sd srad_sum gt0_count min_count max_count unlist_units qc_summary summarize_across mnet_summarize
Documented in mnet_summarize
# To handle "no visible binding for global variable" NOTEs during checking:
utils::globalVariables("TAIR_avg")
#' Produce a daily summary of Oklahoma Mesonet subdaily data
#'
#' @param sub_daily a data frame with subdaily measurements from the Oklahoma Mesonet
#' such as that produced by [mnet_read_mts()].
#'
#' @param tz a length-one character vector specifying which time zone to use for daily summary. Use
#' [base::OlsonNames()] to obtain a listing of valid available time zones.
#'
#' @param interval the interval over which to summarize data. May be defined as
#' a difftime object (see [base::difftime()]) or a character value compatible
#' with [units::as_units()]. Tested intervals include "1 day" (the default),
#' "30 min", and "1 hour", although other intervals may work (e.g. "3 hours").
#'
#' @param include_qc_variables a length-one logical vector specifying whether or
#' or not to include quality control variables (e.g. number of errant
#' observations) in the output
#'
#' @md
#'
#' @return A data frame with daily summaries of Oklahoma Mesonet data. See
#' [mnet_variable_definition()] or the table below for the ID, variable name,
#' unit and description for each column.
#'
#' |**ID** |**Variable Name** |**Unit** |**Description** |
#' |:------|:-------------------------------------------------------------------------|:--------------------------------|:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
#' |2AVG |Average Wind Speed at 2m |meters per second |Average of all 5-minute 2m wind speed observations each day. |
#' |2BAD |Number of Errant 2m Wind Speed Observations |number of 5-minute observations |Number of errant 5-minute 2m wind speed observations each day. |
#' |2DEV |Standard Deviation of Wind Speed at 2m |meters per second |Standard deviation of the wind speed at 2m during a 5-minute observation period. |
#' |2MAX |Maximum 2m Wind Speed |meters per second |Highest 5-minute averaged 2m wind speed measurement each day. |
#' |2MIN |Minimum 2m Wind Speed |meters per second |Lowest 5-minute averaged 2m wind speed measurement each day. |
#' |9AVG |Average Air Temperature at 9m |degrees Celsius |Average of all 5-minute averaged 9-m air temperature observations each day. |
#' |9BAD |Number of Errant 9m Air Temperature Observations |number of 5-minute observations |Number of errant 5-minute 9m air temperature observations each day. |
#' |ABAD |Number of Errant Solar Radiation Observations |number of 5-minute observations |Number of errant 5-minute solar radiation observations each day. |
#' |AMAX |Maximum Solar Radiation |Watts per square meter |Highest 5-minute averaged solar radiation measurement each day. |
#' |AMAXO |Maximum Solar Radiation Observation Number |5-minute observation number |Daily observation number that measured highest 5-minute averaged solar radiation value each day |
#' |ATOT |Total Solar Radiation |mega Joules per square meter |Daily accumulation of solar radiation each day. |
#' |B5AV |Average Temperature Under Bare Soil at 5cm |degrees Celsius |Average of all 15-minute averaged soil temperature observations each day. |
#' |B5BD |Number of Errant Temperature Under Bare Soil at 5cm Observations |number of 15-minute observations |Number of errant 15-minute temperature under bare soil at 5cm observations each day. This variable is only available prior to December 1, 2013. |
#' |B5MN |Minimum Temperature Under Bare Soil at 5cm |degrees Celsius |Lowest 15-minute averaged soil temperature observation each day. This variable is only available prior to December 1, 2013. |
#' |B5MNO |Minimum Temperature Under Bare Soil at 5cm Observation Number |15-minute observation number |Daily 15-minute observation number that measured minimum temperature under bare soil at 5cm each day. This variable is only available prior to December 1, 2013. |
#' |B5MX |Maximum Temperature Bare Soil at 5cm |degrees Celsius |Highest 15-minute averaged soil temperature observation each day. This variable is only available prior to December 1, 2013. |
#' |B5MXO |Maximum Temperature Under Bare Soil at 5cm Observation Number |15-minute observation number |Daily 15-minute observation number that measured maximum temperature under bare soil at 5cm each day. This variable is only available prior to December 1, 2013. |
#' |BAVG |Average Temperature Under Bare Soil at 10cm |degrees Celsius |Average of all 15-minute averaged soil temperature observations each day. This variable is only available prior to December 1, 2013. |
#' |BBAD |Number of Errant Temperature Under Bare Soil at 10cm Observations |number of 15-minute observations |Number of errant 15-minute temperature under bare soil at 10cm observations each day. |
#' |BMAX |Maximum Temperature Bare Soil at 10cm |degrees Celsius |Highest 15-minute averaged soil temperature observation each day. |
#' |BMAXO |Maximum Temperature Under Bare Soil at 10cm Observation Number |15-minute observation number |Daily 15-minute observation number that measured maximum temperature under bare soil at 10cm each day. |
#' |BMIN |Minimum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 10cm |degrees Celsius |Lowest 15-minute averaged soil temperature observation each day. |
#' |BMINO |Minimum Temperature Under Bare Soil at 10cm Observation Number |15-minute observation number |Daily 15-minute observation number that measured minimum temperature under bare soil at 10cm each day. |
#' |CDEG |Cooling Degree Days |degrees Celsius |Number of degrees Celsius that the average daily air temperature is greater than 65 degrees Celsius . |
#' |DATE |Date of summary in Central Standard Time | | |
#' |DAVG |Average Dewpoint Temperature |degrees Celsius |Average of all 5-minute averaged dewpoint temperatures each day. Dewpoint temperature is derived from 1.5m air temperature and the corresponding humidity value. |
#' |DBAD |Number of Errant Dewpoint Temperature Observations |number of 5-minute observations |Number of errant 5-minute dewpoint temperature observations each day. |
#' |DMAX |Maximum Dewpoint Temperature |degrees Celsius |Highest 5-minute averaged dewpoint temperature each day. Dewpoint temperature is derived from 1.5m air temperature and the corresponding humidity value. |
#' |DMAXO |Maximum Daily Dewpoint Temperature Observation Number |5-minute observation number |Daily observation number that measured highest 5-minute averaged dewpoint temperature each day. |
#' |DMIN |Minimum Dewpoint Temperature |degrees Celsius |Lowest 5-minute averaged dewpoint temperature each day. Dewpoint temperature is derived from 1.5m air temperature and the corresponding humidity value. |
#' |DMINO |Minimum Daily Dewpoint Temperature Observation Number |5-minute observation number |Daily observation number that measured lowest 5-minute averaged dewpoint temperature each day. |
#' |HAVG |Average Humidity |percent |Average of all 5-minute averaged humidity observations each day. |
#' |HBAD |Number of Errant Humidity Observations |number of 5-minute observations |Number of errant 5-minute humidity observations each day. |
#' |HDEG |Heating Degree Days |degrees Celsius |Number of degrees Celsius that the average daily air temperature is less than 18.3 degrees Celsius. |
#' |HMAX |Maximum Humidity |percent |Highest 5-minute averaged humidity observation reported each day. |
#' |HMAXO |Maximum Daily Humidity Observation Number |5-minute observation number |Daily observation number that measured highest 5-minute averaged humidity each day. |
#' |HMIN |Minimum Humidity |percent |Lowest 5-minute averaged humidity observation reported each day. |
#' |HMINO |Minimum Daily Humidity Observation Number |5-minute observation number |Daily observation number that measured lowest 5-minute averaged humidity each day. |
#' |HTBAD |Number of Errant Heat Index Observations |number of 5-minute observations |Number of errant 5-minute heat index observations each day. |
#' |HTMX |Maximum Heat Index Temperature |degrees Celsius |Largest 5-minute averaged heat index observation each day. Derived using 5-minute averaged air temperature and corresponding 5-minute averaged humidity observation. |
#' |HTMXO |Maximum Daily Heat Index Observation Number |5-minute observation number |Daily observation number that measured highest 5-minute averaged heat index each day. |
#' |IBAD |Number of Errant Wind Direction Observations |number of 5-minute observations |Number of errant 5-minute 10m wind direction observations each day. |
#' |MSLP |Mean Sea Level Pressure |inches of mercury |Average of all 5-minute averaged station air pressure observations adjusted for station elevation each day. |
#' |PAVG |Average Station Pressure |inches of mercury |Average of all 5-minute averaged station air pressure observations each day. |
#' |PBAD |Number of Errant Station Pressure Observations |number of 5-minute observations |Number of errant 5-minute station pressure observations each day. |
#' |PDFQ |Primary Wind Direction Frequency |percentage |Frequency of observations in the given wind direction category. |
#' |PDIR |Primary Wind Direction |16-point cardinal direction |Most common wind direction for the day based on 16-point compass heading (i.e., 0 is N; 1 is NNE; 15 is NNW). |
#' |PMAX |Maximum Station Pressure |inches of mercury |Highest 5-minute averaged station air pressure observation each day. |
#' |PMAXO |Maximum Daily Station Pressure Observation Number |5-minute observation number |Daily observation number that measured highest 5-minute averaged station pressure each day. |
#' |PMIN |Minimum Station Pressure |inches of mercury |Lowest 5-minute averaged station air pressure observation each day. |
#' |PMINO |Minimum Daily Station Pressure Observation Number |5-minute observation number |Daily observation number that measured lowest 5-minute averaged station pressure each day. |
#' |R05BD |Number of Errant Soil Moisture Calibrated Delta-T at 5cm Observations |number of 30-minute observations |Number of errant 30-minute calibrated delta-t at 5cm observations. |
#' |R25BD |Number of Errant Soil Moisture Calibrated Delta-T at 25cm Observations |number of 30-minute observations |Number of errant 30-minute calibrated delta-t at 25cm observations. |
#' |R60BD |Number of Errant Soil Moisture Calibrated Delta-T at 60cm Observations |number of 30-minute observations |Number of errant 30-minute calibrated delta-t at 60cm observations. |
#' |R75BD |Number of Errant Soil Moisture Calibrated Delta-T at 75cm Observations |number of 30-minute observations |*Decommissioned March 2012. Number of errant 30-minute calibrated delta-t at 75cm observations. |
#' |RAIN |Rain |inches |Liquid precipitation measured each day. Frozen precipitation cannot be recorded until it melts; therefore, precipitation from snow may not be recorded until several days after the snow event. |
#' |RBAD |Number of Errant 5-minute Rain Observations |number of 5-minute observations |Number of errant 5-minute rain observations each day. |
#' |RMAX |Maximum 5-minute Rainfall Rate |inches per hour |Highest 5-minute averaged rainfall rate each day. |
#' |RNUM |Number of 5-minute Rainy Periods |number of 5-minute observations |Number of 5-minute observations in which precipitation increased. Frozen precipitation cannot be recorded until it melts; therefore precipitation from snow may not be recorded until several days after the snow event. |
#' |S25AV |Average Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 25cm |degrees Celsius |Average of all 15-minute averaged soil temperature observations each day. This variable is only available after and including December 1, 2013. |
#' |S25BD |Number of Errant Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 25cm Observations |number of 15-minute observations |Number of errant 15-minute temperature under native vegetation at 25cm observations each day. This variable is only available after and including December 1, 2013. |
#' |S25MN |Minimum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 25cm |degrees Celsius |Lowest 15-minute averaged soil temperature observation each day. This variable is only available after and including December 1, 2013. |
#' |S25MX |Maximum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 25cm |degrees Celsius |Highest 15-minute averaged soil temperature observation each day. This variable is only available after and including December 1, 2013. |
#' |S25NO |Minimum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 25cm Observation Number |15-minute observation number |Daily 15-minute observation number that measured minimum temperature under native vegetation at 25cm each day. This variable is only available after and including December 1, 2013. |
#' |S25XO |Maximum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 25cm Observation Number |15-minute observation number |Daily 15-minute observation number that measured maximum temperature under native vegetation at 25cm each day. This variable is only available after and including December 1, 2013. |
#' |S3AV |Average Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 30cm |degrees Celsius |Average of all 15-minute averaged soil temperature observations each day. This variable is only available prior to December 1, 2013. |
#' |S3BD |Number of Errant Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 30cm Observations |number of 15-minute observations |Number of errant 15-minute temperature under native vegetation at 30cm observations each day. This variable is only available prior to December 1, 2013. |
#' |S3MN |Minimum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 30cm |degrees Celsius |Lowest 15-minute averaged soil temperature observation each day. This variable is only available prior to December 1, 2013. |
#' |S3MNO |Minimum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 30cm Observation Number |15-minute observation number |Daily 15-minute observation number that measured minimum temperature under native vegetation at 30cm each day. This variable is only available prior to December 1, 2013. |
#' |S3MX |Maximum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 30cm |degrees Celsius |Highest 15-minute averaged soil temperature observation each day. This variable is only available prior to December 1, 2013. |
#' |S3MXO |Maximum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 30cm Observation Number |15-minute observation number |Daily 15-minute observation number that measured maximum temperature under native vegetation at 30cm each day. This variable is only available prior to December 1, 2013. |
#' |S5AV |Average Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 5cm |degrees Celsius |Average of all 15-minute averaged soil temperature observations each day. |
#' |S5BD |Number of Errant Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 5cm Observations |number of 15-minute observations |Number of errant 15-minute temperature under native vegetation at 5cm observations each day. |
#' |S5MN |Minimum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 5cm |degrees Celsius |Lowest 15-minute averaged soil temperature observation each day. |
#' |S5MNO |Minimum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 5cm Observation Number |15-minute observation number |Daily 15-minute observation number that measured minimum temperature under native vegetation at 5cm each day. |
#' |S5MX |Maximum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 5cm |degrees Celsius |Highest 15-minute averaged soil temperature observation each day. |
#' |S5MXO |Maximum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 5cm Observation Number |15-minute observation number |Daily 15-minute observation number that measured maximum temperature under native vegetation at 5cm each day. |
#' |S60AV |Average Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 60cm |degrees Celsius |Average of all 15-minute averaged soil temperature observations each day. This variable is only available after and including December 1, 2013. |
#' |S60BD |Number of Errant Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 60cm Observations |number of 15-minute observations |Number of errant 15-minute temperature under native vegetation at 60cm observations each day. This variable is only available after and including December 1, 2013. |
#' |S60MN |Minimum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 60cm |degrees Celsius |Lowest 15-minute averaged soil temperature observation each day. This variable is only available after and including December 1, 2013. |
#' |S60MX |Maximum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 60cm |degrees Celsius |Highest 15-minute averaged soil temperature observation each day. This variable is only available after and including December 1, 2013. |
#' |S60NO |Minimum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 60cm Observation Number |15-minute observation number |Daily 15-minute observation number that measured minimum temperature under native vegetation at 60cm each day. This variable is only available after and including December 1, 2013. |
#' |S60XO |Maximum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 60cm Observation Number |15-minute observation number |Daily 15-minute observation number that measured maximum temperature under native vegetation at 60cm each day. This variable is only available after and including December 1, 2013. |
#' |SAVG |Average Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 10cm |degrees Celsius |Average of all 15-minute averaged soil temperature observations each day. |
#' |SBAD |Number of Errant Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 10cm Observations |number of 15-minute observations |Number of errant 15-minute temperature under native vegetation at 10cm observations each day. |
#' |SDFQ |Secondary Wind Direction Frequency |percentage |Frequency of observations in the given wind direction category. |
#' |SDIR |Secondary Wind Direction |16-point cardinal direction |Second most common wind direction for the day based on 16-point compass heading. |
#' |SMAX |Maximum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 10cm |degrees Celsius |Highest 15-minute averaged soil temperature observation each day. |
#' |SMAXO |Maximum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 10cm Observation Number |15-minute observation number |Daily 15-minute observation number that measured maximum temperature under native vegetation at 10cm each day. |
#' |SMIN |Minimum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 10cm |degrees Celsius |Lowest 15-minute averaged soil temperature observation each day. |
#' |SMINO |Minimum Temperature Under Native Vegetation at 10cm Observation Number |15-minute observation number |Daily 15-minute observation number that measured minimum temperature under native vegetation at 10cm each day. |
#' |STID |Station ID | |Station ID |
#' |TAVG |Average Air Temperature |degrees Celsius |Average of all 5-minute averaged temperature observations each day. |
#' |TBAD |Number of Errant 1.5m Air Temperature Observations |number of 5-minute observations |Number of errant 5-minute averaged 1.5m air temperature observations each day. |
#' |TMAX |Maximum Daily Air Temperature |degrees Celsius |Highest 5-minute averaged temperature observation reported each day. |
#' |TMAXO |Maximum Daily Air Temperature Observation Number |5-minute observation number |Daily observation number that measured highest 5-minute averaged 1.5 m air temperature each day. |
#' |TMIN |Minimum Daily Air Temperature |degrees Celsius |Lowest 5-minute averaged temperature observation reported each day. |
#' |TMINO |Minimum Daily Air Temperature Observation Number |5-minute observation number |Daily observation number that measured lowest 5-minute averaged 1.5 m air temperature each day. |
#' |TR05 |Soil Moisture Calibrated Delta-T at 5cm |degrees Celsius |Calibrated change in temperature of soil over time after a heat pulse is introduced. Used to calculate soil water potential, fractional water index, or volumetric water. |
#' |TR25 |Soil Moisture Calibrated Delta-T at 25cm |degrees Celsius |Calibrated change in temperature of soil over time after a heat pulse is introduced. Used to calculate soil water potential, fractional water index, or volumetric water. |
#' |TR60 |Soil Moisture Calibrated Delta-T at 60cm |degrees Celsius |Calibrated change in temperature of soil over time after a heat pulse is introduced. Used to calculate soil water potential, fractional water index, or volumetric water. |
#' |TR75 |Soil Moisture Calibrated Delta-T at 75cm |degrees Celsius |*Decommissioned March 2012. Calibrated change in temperature of soil over time after a heat pulse is introduced. Used to calculate soil water potential, fractional water index, or volumetric water. |
#' |VDEF |Average Daily Vapor Deficit |millibars |Average of all 5-minute averaged vapor deficit estimates each day. |
#' |WBAD |Number of Errant Wind Speed Observations |number of 5-minute observations |Number of errant 5-minute 10m wind speed observations each day. |
#' |WCBAD |Number of Errant Wind Chill Observations |number of 5-minute observations |Number of errant 5-minute wind chill observations each day. |
#' |WCMN |Minimum Wind Chill Index Temperature |degrees Celsius |Lowest 5-minute averaged wind chill observation each day. Derived using 5-minute averaged air temperature and corresponding 5-minute averaged 10-m wind speed observation. |
#' |WCMNO |Minimum Daily Wind Chill Observation Number |5-minute observation number |Daily observation number that measured lowest 5-minute averaged wind chill each day. |
#' |WDEV |Standard Deviation of Wind Speed at 10m |meters per second |Standard deviation of the wind speed at 10m during a 5-minute observation period. |
#' |WMAX |Maximum Wind Gust |meters per second |Highest 3-second wind speed measurement each day. |
#' |WMAXO |Maximum Wind Gust Observation Number |5-minute observation number |Daily 5-minute observation number that measured maximum wind gust each day. |
#' |WSMN |Minimum Wind Speed |meters per second |Lowest 5-minute averaged 10m wind speed measurement each day. |
#' |WSMNO |Minimum Wind Speed Observation Number |5-minute observation number |Daily 5-minute observation number that measured minimum wind speed at 10m each day. |
#' |WSMX |Maximum Wind Speed |meters per second |Highest 5-minute averaged 10m wind speed measurement each day. |
#' |WSMXO |Maximum Wind Speed Observation Number |5-minute observation number |Daily 5-minute observation number that measured maximum wind speed at 10m each day. |
#' |WSPD |Average Wind Speed |meters per second |Average of all 5-minute wind speed observations each day. |
#'
#' @examples
#'
#' \dontshow{
#' mesonet_cache_dir <- mnet_test_cache(rds_files = TRUE)
#' previous_options <- options(.mesonet_cache = mesonet_cache_dir)
#' }
#'
#' # Retrieve some data to summarize:
#' mesonet_data <- mnet_retrieve(stid = "ACME",
#' start_date = "1994-01-02",
#' end_date = "1994-01-03")
#'
#' # Interval is 1 day by default:
#' mnet_summarize(mesonet_data)
#'
#' # Summarize to hourly:
#' mnet_summarize(mesonet_data,
#' interval = "1 hour")
#'
#' \dontshow{
#' unlink(mesonet_cache_dir, recursive = TRUE)
#' options(previous_options)
#' }
#'
#' @export
#'
mnet_summarize <- function(sub_daily,
tz = "Etc/GMT+6",
interval = "1 day",
include_qc_variables = FALSE){
stopifnot(any(c("character", "difftime") %in% class(interval)))
if(is.character(interval)){
interval <-
units::as_units(interval) |>
units::set_units("sec") |>
units::drop_units() |>
as.difftime(units = "secs")
}
int_adj <-
{units::as_units(interval)/units::set_units(1, "day")} |>
units::drop_units()
num <- c(
obs = floor(288*int_adj),
srad = floor(288*int_adj),
stemp = floor(96*int_adj),
smoist = floor(48*int_adj)
)
thrsh <- floor(num*.9)
if(interval == as.difftime(1, units = "days")){
thrsh["srad"] <- floor(num["srad"]*0.95)
}
threshold_temperature <-
units::set_units(65, "Fahrenheit") |>
units::set_units("Celsius")
sub_daily <-
sub_daily |>
within({
DATE = round_date(DATE, interval, tz)
})
daily <- list(
# TAIR to TDEW
summarize_across(
.data = sub_daily,
.cols = c("TAIR", "RELH", "WSPD", "PRES", "WS2M", "TDEW"),
.fns = list(
# 260 is at least 90% of the 288 5-minute observations per day
min = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, min, thrsh["obs"]),
avg = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, mean, thrsh["obs"]),
max = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, max, thrsh["obs"])),
.groups = c("STNM", "STID", "DATE")),
# WDIR
summarize_across(
.data = sub_daily,
.cols = c("WDIR"),
.fns = list(
# 260 is at least 90% of the 288 5-minute observations per day
pdir = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, calc_pdir, thrsh["obs"]),
sdir = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, calc_sdir, thrsh["obs"])),
.groups = c("STNM", "STID", "DATE")),
# RAIN
summarize_across(
.data = sub_daily,
.cols = c("RAIN"),
.fns = list(
# 260 is at least 90% of the 288 5-minute observations per day
sum = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, sum, thrsh["obs"]),
max = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, max, thrsh["obs"])),
.groups = c("STNM", "STID", "DATE")),
# SRAD sum
summarize_across(
.data = sub_daily,
.cols = c("SRAD"),
.fns = list(
# 260 is at least 90% of the 288 5-minute observations per day
sum = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, srad_sum, thrsh["srad"], interval = interval)),
.groups = c("STNM", "STID", "DATE")),
# WMAX and SRAD max and max_count
summarize_across(
.data = sub_daily,
.cols = c("WMAX", "SRAD"),
.fns = list(
# 260 is at least 90% of the 288 5-minute observations per day
max = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, max, thrsh["obs"])),
.groups = c("STNM", "STID", "DATE")),
# TA9M and VDEF avg
summarize_across(
.data = sub_daily,
.cols = c("TA9M", "VDEF"),
.fns = list(
# 260 is at least 90% of the 288 5-minute observations per day
avg = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, mean, thrsh["obs"])),
.groups = c("STNM", "STID", "DATE")),
# Soil temperature
summarize_across(
.data = sub_daily,
.cols = c("TS05", "TS10", "TS25", "TS30", "TS60", "TB05", "TB10"),
.fns = list(# 87 is at least 90% of the 96 15-minute observations per day
min = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, min, thrsh["stemp"]),
avg = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, mean, thrsh["stemp"]),
max = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, max, thrsh["stemp"])),
.groups = c("STNM", "STID", "DATE")),
# Soil moisture
summarize_across(
.data = sub_daily,
.cols = c("TR05", "TR25", "TR60", "TR75", "VW05", "VW25", "VW45"),
.fns = list(# 44 is at least 90% of the 48 30-minute observations per day
avg = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, mean, thrsh["smoist"])),
.groups = c("STNM", "STID", "DATE"))
)
if(include_qc_variables){
daily_qc <- list(
# TAIR to TDEW
summarize_across(
.data = sub_daily,
.cols = c("TAIR", "RELH", "WSPD", "PRES"),
.fns = list(
# 260 is at least 90% of the 288 5-minute observations per day
maxo = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, max_count, thrsh["obs"]),
mino = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, min_count, thrsh["obs"])),
.groups = c("STNM", "STID", "DATE")),
# WMAX and SRAD max and max_count
summarize_across(
.data = sub_daily,
.cols = c("WMAX", "SRAD"),
.fns = list(
# 260 is at least 90% of the 288 5-minute observations per day
max_count = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, max_count, thrsh["obs"])),
.groups = c("STNM", "STID", "DATE")),
# PDFQ and SDFQ
summarize_across(
.data = sub_daily,
.cols = c("WDIR"),
.fns = list(
# 260 is at least 90% of the 288 5-minute observations per day
pdfq = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, calc_pdir_freq, thrsh["obs"]),
sdfq = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, calc_sdir_freq, thrsh["obs"])),
.groups = c("STNM", "STID", "DATE")),
# RAIN
summarize_across(
.data = sub_daily,
.cols = c("RAIN"),
.fns = list(
# 260 is at least 90% of the 288 5-minute observations per day
gt0 = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, gt0_count, thrsh["obs"])),
.groups = c("STNM", "STID", "DATE")),
# Number of bad/missing observations for TAIR through SRAD
summarize_across(
.data = sub_daily,
.cols = c("TAIR", "RELH", "WSPD", "WDIR", "PRES", "WS2M",
"TDEW", "TA9M", "RAIN", "SRAD"),
.fns = list(bad = \(.x) num["obs"] - sum(!is.na(.x))),
.groups = c("STNM", "STID", "DATE")),
# Number of bad/missing observations for soil temperature
summarize_across(
.data = sub_daily,
.cols = c("TS05", "TS10", "TS25", "TS30", "TS60", "TB05", "TB10"),
.fns = list(# Soil temperature are 15-min observations so 96 would be
# no missing data, 87 would be > 90% complete data:
bad = \(.x) num["stemp"] - sum(!is.na(.x)),
maxo = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, max_count, thrsh["stemp"]),
mino = \(.x) qc_summary(.x, min_count, thrsh["stemp"])),
.groups = c("STNM", "STID", "DATE")),
# Number of bad/missing observations for soil moisture
summarize_across(
.data = sub_daily,
.cols = c("TR05", "TR25", "TR60", "TR75"),
.fns = list(# Soil moisture are 30-min observations so 48 would be
# no missing data
bad = \(.x) num["smoist"] - sum(!is.na(.x))),
.groups = c("STNM", "STID", "DATE"))
)
daily <- c(daily, daily_qc)
}
daily <- daily[!sapply(daily, is.null)]
# Drop STNM, STID, and DATE to avoid column name duplication
if(length(daily) > 1){
for(i in 2:length(daily)){
keep_cols <- grep("(^STNM$)|(^STID$)|(^DATE$)",
colnames(daily[[i]]),
invert = TRUE)
daily[[i]] <- daily[[i]][, keep_cols, drop = FALSE]
}
}
daily <-
daily |>
do.call(cbind.data.frame, args = _) |>
within({
if(exists("TAIR_avg", inherits = FALSE)){
CDEG = max(TAIR_avg - threshold_temperature,
units::set_units(0, "Celsius"))
HDEG = max(threshold_temperature - TAIR_avg,
units::set_units(0, "Celsius"))
}
if(exists("RAIN_max", inherits = FALSE)){
# Convert mm per 5 min to mm per h
RAIN_max = units::set_units(units::drop_units(RAIN_max)*60/5, "mm/h")
}
}) |>
standardize_column_names() |>
standardize_column_order()
return(daily)
}
summarize_across <- function(.data, .cols, .fns, .groups = NULL){
if(any(!.cols %in% colnames(.data))){
.cols[!.cols %in% colnames(.data)] |>
paste0(collapse = ", ") |>
paste0("The following variables were missing from dataset and will not be summarized:\n ", .x = _) |>
warning()
}
.cols <- .cols[.cols %in% colnames(.data)]
if(any(!.groups %in% colnames(.data))){
.groups[!.groups %in% colnames(.data)] |>
paste0(collapse = ", ") |>
paste0("The following grouping variables were missing from dataset and will not be used:\n ", .x = _) |>
warning()
}
.groups <- .groups[.groups %in% colnames(.data)]
if(length(.cols) == 0) return(NULL)
if(!is.list(.fns)) .fns <- list(fun = .fns)
if(is.null(names(.fns))){
names(.fns) <- paste0("fn", seq_along(.fns))
}
if(is.null(.groups)){
.data_sub <-
list(.data)
}else{
.data_sub <-
rev(.groups) |>
paste0(collapse = "+") |>
paste0("~", x = _) |>
stats::as.formula() |>
split(.data, f = _)
}
new_cols <- expand.grid(.fns = .fns, .cols = .cols, stringsAsFactors = FALSE) |>
within({
.cname = paste0(.cols, "_", names(.fns))
})
data_out <- vector("list", length = nrow(new_cols) + length(.groups))
names(data_out) <- c(.groups, new_cols$.cname)
for(.col in .groups){
data_out[[.col]] <-
.data_sub |>
lapply(\(.x) utils::head(.x[[.col]], 1)) |>
unlist() |>
unname()
if("POSIXct" %in% class(.data_sub[[1]][[.col]])){
data_out[[.col]] <- as.POSIXct(data_out[[.col]],
tz = attr(.data_sub[[1]][[.col]], "tzone"))
}else if("Date" %in% class(.data_sub[[1]][[.col]])){
data_out[[.col]] <- as.Date(data_out[[.col]])
}
}
for(i in 1:nrow(new_cols)){
data_out[[new_cols[i, ".cname"]]] <-
.data_sub |>
lapply(\(.x) new_cols$.fns[[i]](.x[[new_cols[i, ".cols"]]])) |>
unname() |>
unlist_units()
}
data_out <- as.data.frame(data_out,
check.names = FALSE,
stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
return(data_out)
}
qc_summary <- function(x, FUN, min_n_obs = 260, ...){
n_obs <- sum(!is.na(x))
if(n_obs < min_n_obs){
value <- suppressWarnings(FUN(x, na.rm=TRUE, ...))
value[] <- NA
}else{
value <- FUN(x, na.rm=TRUE, ...)
}
return(value)
}
unlist_units <- function(x){
x_out <- unlist(x)
if("units" %in% class(x[[1]])){
attr(x_out, "units") <- attr(x[[1]], "units")
class(x_out) <- "units"
}
x_out
}
max_count <- function(x, na.rm = FALSE){
if(any(!is.na(x))){
sum(x[!is.na(x)] == max(x, na.rm = na.rm))
}else{
NA_real_
}
}
min_count <- function(x, na.rm = FALSE){
if(any(!is.na(x))){
sum(x[!is.na(x)] == min(x, na.rm = na.rm))
}else{
NA_real_
}
}
gt0_count <- function(x, na.rm = FALSE){
if(any(!is.na(x))){
if("units" %in% class(x)){
sum(units::drop_units(x) > 0, na.rm = na.rm)
}else{
sum(x > 0, na.rm = na.rm)
}
}else{
NA_real_
}
}
srad_sum <- function(x, na.rm = FALSE, interval = as.difftime(1, units = "days")){
if(any(!is.na(x))){
mean(units::set_units(x, "megajoule/m2/d"), na.rm = na.rm)
}else{
units::set_units(NA_real_, "megajoule/m2/d")
}
}
units_sd <- function(x, na.rm = FALSE){
units::keep_units(stats::sd, x, na.rm = na.rm)
}
rename_daily_columns <- function(col_names){
replacements <- c("TAIR_" = "T",
"RELH_" = "H",
"TDEW_" = "D",
"PRES_" = "P",
"WS2M_" = "2",
"TA9M_" = "9",
"WSPD_m.(.)" = "WSM\\1",
"WSPD_avg" = "WSPD",
"WDIR_bad" = "IBAD",
"RAIN_" = "R",
"SRAD_" = "A",
"TB05_avg" = "B5AV",
"TB05_(.).(.)" = "B5\\1\\2",
"TB10_" = "B",
"TS05_avg" = "S5AV",
"TS05_(.).(.)$" = "S5\\1\\2",
"T(S3)0_avg" = "\\1AV",
"T(S3)0_(.).(.)$" = "\\1\\2\\3",
"T(R|S)([0-9]{2})_bad" = "\\1\\2BD",
"T(R|S)([0-9]{2})_avg" = "\\1\\2AV",
"T(R|S)([0-9]{2})_(.).(.)$" = "\\1\\2\\3\\4",
"T(R|S)([0-9]{2})_..(.)o$" = "\\1\\2\\3O")
for(i in seq_along(replacements)){
col_names <- gsub(names(replacements)[i], replacements[i], col_names)
}
col_names |>
toupper()
}
wdir_to_cardinal <- function(wdir){
cdir <- c("N", "NNE", "NE", "ENE",
"E", "ESE", "SE", "SSE",
"S", "SSW", "SW", "WSW",
"W", "WNW", "NW", "NNW")
increment <- 360/length(cdir)
wdir_tmp <- units::drop_units(wdir) + increment/2
wdir_tmp[wdir_tmp >= 360] <- wdir_tmp[wdir_tmp >= 360] - 360
cdir[floor(wdir_tmp / increment + 1)]
}
calc_pdir <- function(wdir, na.rm = TRUE){
if(all(is.na(wdir))) return(NA_integer_)
if(na.rm) wdir <- wdir[!is.na(wdir)]
wdir_to_cardinal(wdir) |>
table() |>
sort(decreasing = TRUE) |>
names() |>
utils::head(1)
}
calc_pdir_freq <- function(wdir, na.rm = TRUE){
if(all(is.na(wdir))) return(NA_integer_)
if(na.rm) wdir <- wdir[!is.na(wdir)]
wdir_tab <-
wdir_to_cardinal(wdir) |>
table() |>
sort(decreasing = TRUE)
units::set_units(wdir_tab[1]/sum(wdir_tab)*100, "percent")
}
calc_sdir_freq <- function(wdir, na.rm = TRUE){
if(all(is.na(wdir))) return(NA_integer_)
if(na.rm) wdir <- wdir[!is.na(wdir)]
wdir_tab <-
wdir_to_cardinal(wdir) |>
table() |>
sort(decreasing = TRUE)
if(length(wdir_tab) > 1){
return(units::set_units(wdir_tab[2]/sum(wdir_tab)*100, "percent"))
}else{
return(units::set_units(wdir_tab[1]/sum(wdir_tab)*100, "percent"))
}
}
calc_sdir <- function(wdir, na.rm = TRUE){
if(all(is.na(wdir))) return(NA_integer_)
if(na.rm) wdir <- wdir[!is.na(wdir)]
wdir_to_cardinal(wdir) |>
table() |>
sort(decreasing = TRUE) |>
names() |>
utils::head(2) |>
utils::tail(1)
}
round_date <- function(time, interval, tz = ""){
if(tz == "") tz <- attr(time, "tzone")
if(interval == as.difftime(1, units = "days")){
t_offset <- c(as.POSIXct("1970-01-01", tz = attr(time, "tzone")),
as.POSIXct("1970-01-01", tz = tz)) |>
diff()
time_out <- as.POSIXct(as.Date(time, tz = tz), tz = tz) + t_offset
}else{
int_dbl <- as.double(interval, units = "secs")
time_out <- as.POSIXct((as.numeric(time) %/% int_dbl + 1)*int_dbl, tz = tz)
}
return(time_out)
}
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