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################################################################################
### Conversion between "ts" and "sts", and from "sts" to "data.frame"
###
### Copyright (C) 2014 Michael Hoehle, 2015-2017,2019-2021 Sebastian Meyer
###
### This file is part of the R package "surveillance",
### free software under the terms of the GNU General Public License, version 2,
### a copy of which is available at https://www.R-project.org/Licenses/.
################################################################################
### Convert a simple "ts" object to an "sts" object
setAs(from = "ts", to = "sts", def = function (from) {
## Extract frequency and start from the "ts" object
freq <- frequency(from)
start <- start(from)
if (length(start) == 1)
stop("could not convert time series start() to (year, index) form")
## Remove "tsp" attribute and "ts"/"mts" class
tsp(from) <- NULL
## Create the sts object
.sts(observed = from, start = start, freq = freq)
})
### Convert an "sts" object to a simple "ts" object
as.ts.sts <- function (x, ...)
{
ts(data = x@observed, start = x@start, frequency = x@freq)
}
setAs(from = "sts", to = "ts", def = function (from) as.ts.sts(from))
### Convert an "sts" object to an eXtensible Time Series "xts"
as.xts.sts <- function (x, order.by = epoch(x, as.Date = TRUE), ...)
{
if (!missing(order.by) || x@freq %in% c(52, 365)) {
xts::xts(x = x@observed, order.by = order.by, ...)
} else {
## frequencies 4 and 12 are nicely handled by the as.xts.ts method
xts::as.xts(as.ts.sts(x), ...)
}
}
### Convert an "sts" object to a data frame suitable for regression
as.data.frame.sts <- function(x, row.names = NULL, optional = FALSE, # from the generic
tidy = FALSE, as.Date = x@epochAsDate, ...)
{
if (tidy)
return(tidy.sts(x, ...))
#Convert object to data frame and give names
res <- data.frame("observed" = x@observed,
"epoch" = epoch(x, as.Date = as.Date),
"state" = x@state,
"alarm" = x@alarm,
"upperbound" = x@upperbound,
"population" = x@populationFrac,
check.names = FALSE)
names(res) <- if (ncol(x) > 1) {
## names from data.frame() above should already be as intended
namesObs <- colnames(x@observed, do.NULL = FALSE, prefix = "observed")
c(paste0("observed.", namesObs), "epoch",
paste0("state.", namesObs), paste0("alarm.", namesObs),
paste0("upperbound.", namesObs), paste0("population.", namesObs))
} else {
c("observed", "epoch", "state", "alarm", "upperbound", "population")
}
#Find out how many epochs there are each year
res$freq <- if (x@epochAsDate && x@freq %in% c(52, 365)) {
year <- strftime(epoch(x), if (x@freq == 52) "%G" else "%Y")
epochStr <- switch(as.character(x@freq),
"52" = "%V", "365" = "%j")
maxEpoch <- vapply(X = unique(year), FUN = function (Y) {
dummyDates <- as.Date(paste0(Y, "-12-", 26:31))
max(as.numeric(strftime(dummyDates, epochStr)))
}, FUN.VALUE = 0, USE.NAMES = TRUE)
maxEpoch[year]
} else { # just replicate the fixed frequency
x@freq
}
#Add a column denoting the epoch fraction within the current year
res$epochInPeriod <- epochInYear(x) / res$freq
return(res)
}
setMethod("as.data.frame", signature(x = "sts"), as.data.frame.sts)
### convert an "sts" object to a "data.frame" in long (tidy) format
tidy.sts <- function (x, ...)
{
unitNames <- colnames(x, do.NULL = FALSE, prefix = "observed")
v.names <- c("observed", "state", "alarm", "upperbound", "population")
stswide <- as.data.frame(x, tidy = FALSE, as.Date = FALSE)
## nrow(stswide) = nrow(x), i.e., one row per epoch
stswide$year <- year(x)
stswide$epochInYear <- epochInYear(x)
stswide$date <- tryCatch(
epoch(x, as.Date = TRUE), # only works for particular values of x@freq
error = function (e) as.Date(NA)
)
if ((nUnit <- ncol(x)) == 1L) {
stslong <- data.frame(stswide, "unit" = factor(unitNames),
check.names = FALSE)
} else {
## we have observed/population/... columns for each unit
varying <- sapply(X = v.names, FUN = paste, unitNames, sep = ".",
simplify = FALSE, USE.NAMES = TRUE)
stslong <- reshape(
data = stswide, direction = "long",
varying = varying, v.names = v.names,
timevar = "unit", times = unitNames,
idvar = "epoch")
stslong$unit <- factor(stslong$unit, levels = unitNames)
attr(stslong, "reshapeLong") <- NULL
}
row.names(stslong) <- NULL
## reorder variables (ordering from above differs depending on nUnit)
stslong[c("epoch", "unit",
"year", "freq", "epochInYear", "epochInPeriod", "date",
v.names)]
}
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