R/geom-football.R

In sportsdataverse/sportyR: Plot Scaled 'ggplot' Representations of Sports Playing Surfaces

#' Set the colors to be used for the plot. The values provided in the arguments
#' are the defaults, and, where specified, are the rule-book specified values.
#'
#' Hexadecimal values are the passed vales to this function by default, but it
#' is also possible to use string-named values (e.g. \code{"dodgerblue"}) when
#' specifying.
#'
#' @param plot_background A hexadecimal string representing the color to use for
#'   this feature
#' @param field_apron A hexadecimal string representing the color to use for
#'   this feature
#' @param offensive_half A hexadecimal string representing the color to use for
#'   this feature
#' @param defensive_half A hexadecimal string representing the color to use for
#'   this feature
#' @param offensive_endzone A hexadecimal string representing the color to use
#'   for this feature
#' @param defensive_endzone A hexadecimal string representing the color to use
#'   for this feature
#' @param end_line A hexadecimal string representing the color to use for this
#'   feature
#' @param sideline A hexadecimal string representing the color to use for this
#'   feature
#' @param field_border A hexadecimal string representing the color to use for
#'   this feature
#' @param field_border_outline A hexadecimal string representing the color to
#'   use for this feature
#' @param red_zone_border A hexadecimal string representing the color to use for
#'   this feature
#' @param red_zone_border_outline A hexadecimal string representing the color to
#'   use for this feature
#' @param major_yard_line A hexadecimal string representing the color to use for
#'   this feature
#' @param goal_line A hexadecimal string representing the color to use for this
#'   feature
#' @param minor_yard_line A hexadecimal string representing the color to use for
#'   this feature
#' @param directional_arrow A hexadecimal string representing the color to use
#'   for this feature
#' @param try_mark A hexadecimal string representing the color to use for this
#'   feature
#' @param yardage_marker A hexadecimal string representing the color to use for
#'   this feature
#' @param restricted_area A hexadecimal string representing the color to use for
#'   this feature
#' @param coaching_box A hexadecimal string representing the color to use for
#'   this feature
#' @param team_bench_area A hexadecimal string representing the color to use for
#'   this feature
#' @param team_bench_area_outline A hexadecimal string representing the color to
#'   use for this feature
#' @param coaching_box_line A hexadecimal string representing the color to use
#'   for this feature
#'
#' @return A list of hexadecimal colors to use to color the features on the
#'   resulting plot
#'
#' @keywords internal
football_features_set_colors <- function(plot_background = NULL,
                                         field_apron = "#196f0c",
                                         offensive_half = "#196f0c",
                                         defensive_half = "#196f0c",
                                         offensive_endzone = "#196f0c",
                                         defensive_endzone = "#196f0c",
                                         end_line = "#ffffff",
                                         sideline = "#ffffff",
                                         field_border = "#196f0c",
                                         field_border_outline = "#ffffff00",
                                         red_zone_border = "#196f0c00",
                                         red_zone_border_outline = "#ffffff00",
                                         major_yard_line = "#ffffff",
                                         goal_line = "#ffffff",
                                         minor_yard_line = "#ffffff",
                                         directional_arrow = "#ffffff",
                                         try_mark = "#ffffff",
                                         yardage_marker = "#ffffff",
                                         restricted_area = "#ffffff",
                                         coaching_box = "#ffffff",
                                         team_bench_area = "#196f0c",
                                         team_bench_area_outline = "#ffffff",
                                         coaching_box_line = "#ffcb05") {
  feature_colors <- list(
    plot_background = plot_background,
    field_apron = field_apron,
    offensive_half = offensive_half,
    defensive_half = defensive_half,
    offensive_endzone = offensive_endzone,
    defensive_endzone = defensive_endzone,
    end_line = end_line,
    sideline = sideline,
    field_border = field_border,
    field_border_outline = field_border_outline,
    red_zone_border = red_zone_border,
    red_zone_border_outline = red_zone_border_outline,
    major_yard_line = major_yard_line,
    goal_line = goal_line,
    minor_yard_line = minor_yard_line,
    directional_arrow = directional_arrow,
    try_mark = try_mark,
    yardage_marker = yardage_marker,
    restricted_area = restricted_area,
    coaching_box = coaching_box,
    team_bench_area = team_bench_area,
    team_bench_area_outline = team_bench_area_outline,
    coaching_box_line = coaching_box_line
  )

  return(feature_colors)
}

#' Generate a \code{ggplot2} instance containing a football field for a
#' specified league
#'
#' @param league The league for which to draw the surface. This is
#'   case-insensitive
#' @param display_range A case-insensitive string indicating the display range
#'   to use for the plot. The default is \code{"full"}, which will be returned
#'   when either an invalid or no value is passed to the function.
#'
#'   The possible display ranges are:
#'
#'   \describe{
#'     \item{\code{"full"}}{The full field. This is the default}
#'     \item{\code{"in_bounds_only"}}{The full in-bounds area of the field}
#'     \item{\code{"in bounds only"}}{The full in-bounds area of the field}
#'     \item{\code{"offense"}}{The TV-right half of the field}
#'     \item{\code{"offence"}}{The TV-right half of the field}
#'     \item{\code{"offensivehalffield"}}{The TV-right half of the field}
#'     \item{\code{"offensive_half_field"}}{The TV-right half of the field}
#'     \item{\code{"offensive half field"}}{The TV-right half of the field}
#'     \item{\code{"defense"}}{The TV-left half of the field}
#'     \item{\code{"defence"}}{The TV-left half of the field}
#'     \item{\code{"defensivehalffield"}}{The TV-left half of the field}
#'     \item{\code{"defensive_half_field"}}{The TV-left half of the field}
#'     \item{\code{"defensive half field"}}{The TV-left half of the field}
#'     \item{\code{"redzone"}}{
#'        The offensive red zone of the field. This is by definition 20 yards
#'        from the goal line
#'     }
#'     \item{\code{"red_zone"}}{
#'        The offensive red zone of the field. This is by definition 20 yards
#'        from the goal line
#'     }
#'     \item{\code{"red zone"}}{
#'        The offensive red zone of the field. This is by definition 20 yards
#'        from the goal line
#'     }
#'     \item{\code{"oredzone"}}{
#'        The offensive red zone of the field. This is by definition 20 yards
#'        from the goal line
#'     }
#'     \item{\code{"offensive_red_zone"}}{
#'        The offensive red zone of the field. This is by definition 20 yards
#'        from the goal line
#'     }
#'     \item{\code{"offensive red zone"}}{
#'        The offensive red zone of the field. This is by definition 20 yards
#'        from the goal line
#'     }
#'     \item{\code{"dredzone"}}{
#'        The defensive red zone of the field. This is by definition 20 yards
#'        from the goal line
#'     }
#'     \item{\code{"defensive_red_zone"}}{
#'        The defensive red zone of the field. This is by definition 20 yards
#'        from the goal line
#'     }
#'     \item{\code{"defensive red zone"}}{
#'        The defensive red zone of the field. This is by definition 20 yards
#'        from the goal line
#'     }
#'   }
#' @param field_updates A list of updates to the field's parameters. These will
#'   overwrite the parameters of the league
#' @param color_updates A list of updates to the field's default colors, which
#'   are set by [football_features_set_colors()]
#' @param rotation An angle, given in degrees, through which the plot should be
#'   rotated
#' @param x_trans The amount that the \code{x} coordinates are to be shifted. By
#'   convention, the +\code{x} axis extends from the center of the field towards
#'   the right-hand endzone when viewing the field in TV View
#' @param y_trans The amount that the \code{y} coordinates are to be shifted. By
#'   convention, the +\code{y} axis extends from the center of the field towards
#'   the sideline when viewing the field in TV view
#' @param field_units The units with which to draw the field. The default is
#'   \code{NULL}, which will apply the rule-book specified units
#' @param xlims The limits on the final display in the \code{x} direction. The
#'   default is \code{NULL}, which will utilize the \code{xlims} specified by
#'   the \code{display_range} parameter
#' @param ylims The limits on the final display in the \code{y} direction. The
#'   default is \code{NULL}, which will utilize the \code{ylims} specified by
#'   the \code{display_range} parameter
#'
#' @return A \code{ggplot2} instance with a full-surface representation of a
#'   football field
#'
#' @export
#'
#' @importFrom rlang .data
#'
#' @examples
#' \dontrun{
#'   geom_football(league = "NFL", rotation = 270, display_range = "red_zone")
#'   geom_football(league = "cfl", field_units = "ft")
#' }
geom_football <- function(league,
                          display_range = "full",
                          field_updates = list(),
                          color_updates = list(),
                          rotation = 0,
                          x_trans = 0,
                          y_trans = 0,
                          field_units = NULL,
                          xlims = NULL,
                          ylims = NULL) {
  # Input cleansing and data gathering -----------------------------------------

  # If no league is supplied, error and alert user
  if (missing(league)) {
    stop(
      glue::glue(
        "league parameter must be supplied. \"custom\" is a valid league if ",
        "you wish to specify your own field parameterization, but you must ",
        "use the field_updates parameter to do so"
      )
    )
  }

  # Force the league to be all lower case
  league <- tolower(league)

  # Get the dimensions for the specified league
  field_params <- surface_dimensions[["football"]][[league]]

  # If the provided league is not currently supported, alert the user. This will
  # manifest by having the parameters list be NULL
  if (is.null(field_params)) {
    stop(
      glue::glue(
        "Sorry, {toupper(league)} is not a viable league to plot ",
        "at this time. Please create an issue on GitHub with the league's ",
        "playing surface specifications for the league to be added to the ",
        "package"
      )
    )
  }

  # Update the field parameters as necessary
  field_params <- utils::modifyList(field_params, field_updates)

  # Get the major yard lines as a sequence of evenly-spaced numbers
  major_yard_lines <- seq(
    0,
    ((field_params$field_length %or% 0) / 2) - 1,
    field_params$major_yard_line_distance
  )

  # Repeat for the minor yard lines
  minor_yard_lines <- seq(
    0,
    ((field_params$field_length %or% 0) / 2) - 1
  )

  # Add any additional minor yard lines
  if (!is.null(field_params$additional_minor_yard_lines)) {
    minor_yard_lines <- append(
      minor_yard_lines,
      field_params$additional_minor_yard_lines
    )
  }

  # Remove the major yard lines
  minor_yard_lines <- unlist(
    minor_yard_lines[
      minor_yard_lines %% (field_params$major_yard_line_distance %or% 1) != 0 |
        minor_yard_lines < 0
    ]
  )

  # Define all lines that have a directional arrow
  arrow_lines <- 1:((field_params$field_length %or% 0) / 2)
  arrow_lines <- arrow_lines[
    (arrow_lines %% (field_params$arrow_line_dist %or% 0) == 0) &
      (arrow_lines != ((field_params$field_length %or% 0) / 2))
  ]

  # Define all lines to be marked with a number
  marked_lines <- 1:((field_params$field_length %or% 0) - 1)
  marked_lines <- marked_lines[
    marked_lines %% (field_params$arrow_line_dist %or% 0) == 0
  ] - ((field_params$field_length %or% 0) / 2)

  # Duplicate each marked line
  marked_lines <- rep(marked_lines, each = 2)

  # If 0 (the midfield line) is not in the set of marked lines, include it
  if (!(0 %in% marked_lines)) {
    marked_lines <- sort(c(0, marked_lines))
  }

  # Handle cases where there is an odd number of marked lines
  if ((length(field_params$numbers_bottom) %or% 0) %% 2 != 0) {
    dist_to_line_bottom <- rep(
      field_params$number_to_yard_line %or% 0,
      (length(field_params$numbers_bottom) %or% 0 / 2) - 0.5
    )

    dist_to_line_bottom <- c(dist_to_line_bottom, 0)

    dist_to_line_bottom <- c(
      dist_to_line_bottom,
      rep(
        field_params$number_to_yard_line %or% 0,
        (length(field_params$numbers_bottom) %or% 0 / 2) - 0.5
      )
    )
  } else {
    dist_to_line_bottom <- rep(
      field_params$number_to_yard_line %or% 0,
      length(field_params$numbers_bottom) %or% 0
    )
  }

  if ((length(field_params$numbers_top) %or% 0) %% 2 != 0) {
    dist_to_line_top <- rep(
      field_params$number_to_yard_line %or% 0,
      (length(field_params$numbers_top) %or% 0 / 2) - 0.5
    )

    dist_to_line_top <- c(dist_to_line_top, 0)

    dist_to_line_top <- c(
      dist_to_line_top,
      rep(
        field_params$number_to_yard_line %or% 0,
        (length(field_params$numbers_top) %or% 0 / 2) - 0.5
      )
    )
  } else {
    dist_to_line_top <- rep(
      field_params$number_to_yard_line %or% 0,
      length(field_params$numbers_top) %or% 0
    )
  }

  # Make the marked lines data frame
  marked_yardages <- rbind(
    data.frame(
      marking = field_params$numbers_bottom,
      marker_rotation = rep(0, length(field_params$numbers_bottom) %or% 0),
      side = rep("bottom", length(field_params$numbers_bottom) %or% 0),
      marked_line = marked_lines,
      dist_to_line = dist_to_line_bottom
    ),
    data.frame(
      marking = field_params$numbers_top,
      marker_rotation = rep(180, length(field_params$numbers_top) %or% 0),
      side = rep("top", length(field_params$numbers_top) %or% 0),
      marked_line = marked_lines,
      dist_to_line = dist_to_line_top
    )
  )

  marked_yardages["x_min"] <- 0
  marked_yardages["x_max"] <- 0
  marked_yardages["y_min"] <- 0
  marked_yardages["y_max"] <- 0
  line_side <- "left"
  for (row in seq_len(nrow(marked_yardages))) {
    if (marked_yardages[row, "dist_to_line"] == 0) {
      line_side <- "center"
    }
    if (line_side == "left") {
      marked_yardages[row, "x_min"] <- marked_yardages$marked_line[row] -
        (field_params$number_to_yard_line %or% 0) -
        ((field_params$minor_line_thickness %or% 0) / 2) -
        (field_params$number_width %or% 0)
      marked_yardages[row, "x_max"] <- marked_yardages$marked_line[row] -
        (field_params$number_to_yard_line %or% 0) -
        ((field_params$minor_line_thickness %or% 0) / 2)

      line_side <- "right"
    } else if (line_side == "center") {
      marked_yardages[row, "x_min"] <- marked_yardages$marked_line[row] -
        ((field_params$number_width %or% 0) / 2)
      marked_yardages[row, "x_max"] <- marked_yardages$marked_line[row] +
        ((field_params$number_width %or% 0) / 2)

      line_side <- "left"
    } else {
      marked_yardages[row, "x_min"] <- marked_yardages$marked_line[row] +
        (field_params$number_to_yard_line %or% 0) +
        ((field_params$minor_line_thickness %or% 0) / 2)
      marked_yardages[row, "x_max"] <- marked_yardages$marked_line[row] +
        (field_params$number_to_yard_line %or% 0) +
        ((field_params$minor_line_thickness %or% 0) / 2) +
        (field_params$number_width %or% 0)

      line_side <- "left"
    }

    if (marked_yardages[row, "side"] == "bottom") {
      marked_yardages[row, "y_min"] <-
        (-(field_params$field_width %or% 0) / 2) +
        (field_params$sideline_to_bottom_of_numbers %or% 0)
      marked_yardages[row, "y_max"] <-
        (-(field_params$field_width %or% 0) / 2) +
        (field_params$sideline_to_bottom_of_numbers %or% 0) +
        (1.5 * (field_params$number_height %or% 0))
    } else {
      marked_yardages[row, "y_min"] <- ((field_params$field_width %or% 0) / 2) -
        (field_params$sideline_to_bottom_of_numbers %or% 0)
      marked_yardages[row, "y_max"] <- ((field_params$field_width %or% 0) / 2) -
        (field_params$sideline_to_bottom_of_numbers %or% 0) -
        (1.5 * (field_params$number_height %or% 0))
    }
  }

  marked_yardages["x"] <-
    (marked_yardages["x_min"] + marked_yardages["x_max"]) / 2
  marked_yardages["y"] <-
    (marked_yardages["y_min"] + marked_yardages["y_max"]) / 2

  # Feature initialization -----------------------------------------------------
  field_features <- list(

    ## Surface Base Features ---------------------------------------------------

    #### Defensive Half Field ####
    defensive_half_field = football_half_field(
      field_length = field_params$field_length %or% 0,
      field_width = field_params$field_width %or% 0
    ),

    #### Offensive Half Field ####
    offensive_half_field = football_half_field(
      field_length = field_params$field_length %or% 0,
      field_width = field_params$field_width %or% 0
    ),

    #### Endzone ####
    endzone = football_endzone(
      field_width = field_params$field_width %or% 0,
      endzone_length = field_params$endzone_length %or% 0
    ),

    #### Restricted Area ####
    restricted_area = football_restricted_area(
      restricted_area_length = field_params$team_bench_length_field_side %or% 0,
      feature_thickness = field_params$restricted_area_width %or% 0
    ),

    #### Coaching Box ####
    coaching_box = football_coaching_box(
      coaching_box_length = field_params$team_bench_length_field_side %or% 0,
      feature_thickness = field_params$coaching_box_width %or% 0
    ),

    #### Team Bench Area ####
    team_bench_area = football_team_bench_area(
      team_bench_length_field_side =
        field_params$team_bench_length_field_side %or% 0,
      team_bench_length_back_side =
        field_params$team_bench_length_back_side %or% 0,
      team_bench_width = field_params$team_bench_width %or% 0
    ),

    #### Field Apron ####
    field_apron = football_field_apron(
      field_length = field_params$field_length %or% 0,
      field_width = field_params$field_width %or% 0,
      endzone_length = field_params$endzone_length %or% 0,
      boundary_thickness = field_params$boundary_line_thickness %or% 0,
      field_border_thickness = field_params$field_border_thickness %or% 0,
      restricted_area_length =
        field_params$team_bench_length_field_side %or% 0,
      restricted_area_width = field_params$restricted_area_width %or% 0,
      coaching_box_length =
        field_params$team_bench_length_field_side %or% 0,
      coaching_box_width = field_params$coaching_box_width %or% 0,
      team_bench_length_field_side =
        field_params$team_bench_length_field_side %or% 0,
      team_bench_length_back_side =
        field_params$team_bench_length_back_side %or% 0,
      team_bench_width = field_params$team_bench_width %or% 0,
      team_bench_area_border_thickness =
        field_params$team_bench_area_border_thickness %or% 0,
      extra_apron_padding = field_params$extra_apron_padding %or% 0,
      bench_shape = field_params$bench_shape %or% "rectangle"
    ),

    ## Surface Boundaries ------------------------------------------------------

    #### End Line ####
    end_line = football_end_line(
      feature_thickness = field_params$boundary_line_thickness %or% 0,
      field_width = field_params$field_width %or% 0
    ),

    #### Sideline ####
    sideline = football_sideline(
      feature_thickness = field_params$boundary_line_thickness %or% 0,
      field_length = field_params$field_length %or% 0,
      endzone_length = field_params$endzone_length %or% 0
    ),

    #### Field Border ####
    field_border = football_field_border(
      field_length = field_params$field_length %or% 0,
      field_width = field_params$field_width %or% 0,
      feature_thickness = field_params$field_border_thickness %or% 0,
      endzone_length = field_params$endzone_length %or% 0,
      boundary_line_thickness = field_params$boundary_line_thickness %or% 0,
      restricted_area_length = field_params$team_bench_length_field_side %or% 0,
      restricted_area_width = field_params$restricted_area_width %or% 0,
      coaching_box_length = field_params$team_bench_length_field_side %or% 0,
      coaching_box_width = field_params$coaching_box_width %or% 0,
      team_bench_length_field_side =
        field_params$team_bench_length_field_side %or% 0,
      team_bench_length_back_side =
        field_params$team_bench_length_back_side %or% 0,
      team_bench_width = field_params$team_bench_width %or% 0,
      team_bench_area_border_thickness =
        field_params$team_bench_area_border_thickness %or% 0,
      surrounds_team_bench_area =
        field_params$field_border_behind_bench %or% TRUE,
      bench_shape = field_params$bench_shape %or% "rectangle"
    ),

    #### Field Border Outline ####
    field_border_outline = football_field_border_outline(
      field_length = field_params$field_length %or% 0,
      field_width = field_params$field_width %or% 0,
      feature_thickness = field_params$minor_line_thickness %or% 0,
      endzone_length = field_params$endzone_length %or% 0,
      boundary_line_thickness = field_params$boundary_line_thickness %or% 0,
      restricted_area_length = field_params$team_bench_length_field_side %or% 0,
      restricted_area_width = field_params$restricted_area_width %or% 0,
      coaching_box_length = field_params$team_bench_length_field_side %or% 0,
      coaching_box_width = field_params$coaching_box_width %or% 0,
      team_bench_length_field_side =
        field_params$team_bench_length_field_side %or% 0,
      team_bench_length_back_side =
        field_params$team_bench_length_back_side %or% 0,
      team_bench_width = field_params$team_bench_width %or% 0,
      team_bench_area_border_thickness =
        field_params$team_bench_area_border_thickness %or% 0,
      field_border_thickness = field_params$field_border_thickness %or% 0,
      surrounds_team_bench_area =
        field_params$field_border_behind_bench %or% TRUE,
      bench_shape = field_params$bench_shape %or% "rectangle"
    ),

    #### Red Zone Border ####
    red_zone_border = football_red_zone_border(
      feature_thickness = field_params$field_border_thickness %or% 0
    ),

    #### Red Zone Border Outline ####
    red_zone_border_outline = football_red_zone_border_outline(
      feature_thickness = field_params$minor_line_thickness %or% 0
    ),

    ## Surface Lines -----------------------------------------------------------

    #### Goal Line ####
    goal_line = football_goal_line(
      field_width = field_params$field_width %or% 0,
      feature_thickness = field_params$goal_line_thickness %or% 0
    ),

    #### Try Mark ####
    try_mark = football_try_mark(
      try_mark_width = field_params$try_mark_width %or% 0,
      feature_thickness = field_params$minor_line_thickness %or% 0
    ),

    #### Coaching Box Line ####
    coaching_box_line = football_coaching_box_line(
      coaching_box_line_length =
        field_params$team_bench_length_field_side %or% 0,
      feature_thickness = field_params$minor_line_thickness %or% 0
    ),

    #### Team Bench Area Outline ####
    team_bench_area_outline = football_team_bench_area_outline(
      restricted_area_length = field_params$team_bench_length_field_side %or% 0,
      restricted_area_width = field_params$restricted_area_width %or% 0,
      coaching_box_length = field_params$team_bench_length_field_side %or% 0,
      coaching_box_width = field_params$coaching_box_width %or% 0,
      team_bench_length_field_side =
        field_params$team_bench_length_field_side %or% 0,
      team_bench_length_back_side =
        field_params$team_bench_length_back_side %or% 0,
      team_bench_width = field_params$team_bench_width %or% 0,
      feature_thickness = field_params$team_bench_area_border_thickness %or% 0
    ),

    ## Surface Features --------------------------------------------------------

    #### Directional Arrow ####
    directional_arrow = football_directional_arrow(
      arrow_base = field_params$arrow_base %or% 0,
      arrow_length = field_params$arrow_length %or% 0
    )
  )

  #### Major Yard Lines ####
  for (yard_line in major_yard_lines) {
    field_features[[glue::glue("{yard_line}_yard_line")]] <-
      football_major_yard_line(
        field_width = field_params$field_width %or% 0,
        feature_thickness = field_params$minor_line_thickness %or% 0,
        dist_to_sideline = field_params$sideline_to_major_yard_line %or% 0,
        cross_hash_length = field_params$inbound_cross_hashmark_length %or% 0,
        cross_hash_separation =
          field_params$inbound_cross_hashmark_separation %or% 0
      )
  }

  #### Minor Yard Lines ####
  for (yard_line in minor_yard_lines) {
    field_features[[glue::glue("{yard_line}_yard_line")]] <-
      football_minor_yard_line(
        yard_line_height = field_params$minor_yard_line_height %or% 0,
        feature_thickness = field_params$minor_line_thickness %or% 0
      )
  }

  #### Yardage Markers ####
  for(i in seq_len(nrow(marked_yardages))) {
    field_features[[glue::glue("marked_yardages_{i}")]] <-
      create_rectangle(
        x_min = marked_yardages[i, "x_min"],
        x_max = marked_yardages[i, "x_max"],
        y_min = marked_yardages[i, "y_min"],
        y_max = marked_yardages[i, "y_max"]
      )
  }


  # Coordinate Transformations -------------------------------------------------

  # Convert the units as needed
  if (
    !is.null(field_units) &&
      tolower(field_params$field_units %or% "ft") != tolower(field_units)
  ) {
    field_features <- lapply(
      field_features,
      convert_units,
      from_unit = field_params$field_units %or% "ft",
      to_unit = field_units,
      conversion_columns = c("x", "y")
    )
  }

  # Generate the Plot ----------------------------------------------------------

  # Start by getting the colors to use to make the plot
  feature_colors <- football_features_set_colors()

  # Update the features' colors as specified by the user
  feature_colors <- utils::modifyList(feature_colors, color_updates)

  # Create the base of the plot
  field_plot <- create_plot_base(
    plot_background = feature_colors$plot_background
  )

  #### Field Apron ####
  field_plot <- add_feature(
    field_plot,
    x_anchor = 0,
    y_anchor = 0,
    feature_df = field_features$field_apron,
    feature_color = feature_colors$field_apron,
    feature_outline_color = feature_colors$field_apron,
    reflect_x = TRUE,
    reflect_y = FALSE,
    x_trans = x_trans,
    y_trans = y_trans,
    rotation = rotation
  )

  #### Field Border ####
  field_plot <- add_feature(
    field_plot,
    x_anchor = 0,
    y_anchor = 0,
    feature_df = field_features$field_border,
    feature_color = feature_colors$field_border,
    feature_outline_color = feature_colors$field_border,
    reflect_x = TRUE,
    reflect_y = FALSE,
    x_trans = x_trans,
    y_trans = y_trans,
    rotation = rotation
  )

  #### Field Border Outline ####
  field_plot <- add_feature(
    field_plot,
    x_anchor = 0,
    y_anchor = 0,
    feature_df = field_features$field_border_outline,
    feature_color = feature_colors$field_border_outline,
    feature_outline_color = feature_colors$field_border_outline,
    reflect_x = TRUE,
    reflect_y = FALSE,
    x_trans = x_trans,
    y_trans = y_trans,
    rotation = rotation
  )

  #### Defensive Half Field ####
  field_plot <- add_feature(
    field_plot,
    x_anchor = -0.25 * (field_params$field_length %or% 0),
    y_anchor = 0,
    feature_df = field_features$defensive_half,
    feature_color = feature_colors$defensive_half,
    reflect_x = FALSE,
    reflect_y = FALSE,
    x_trans = x_trans,
    y_trans = y_trans,
    rotation = rotation
  )

  #### Offensive Half Field ####
  field_plot <- add_feature(
    field_plot,
    x_anchor = 0.25 * (field_params$field_length %or% 0),
    y_anchor = 0,
    feature_df = field_features$offensive_half,
    feature_color = feature_colors$offensive_half,
    reflect_x = FALSE,
    reflect_y = FALSE,
    x_trans = x_trans,
    y_trans = y_trans,
    rotation = rotation
  )

  #### Restricted Area ####
  field_plot <- add_feature(
    field_plot,
    x_anchor = 0,
    y_anchor = ((field_params$field_width %or% 0) / 2) +
      (field_params$boundary_line_thickness %or% 0),
    feature_df = field_features$restricted_area,
    feature_color = feature_colors$restricted_area,
    feature_outline_color = feature_colors$restricted_area,
    reflect_x = FALSE,
    reflect_y = TRUE,
    x_trans = x_trans,
    y_trans = y_trans,
    rotation = rotation
  )

  #### Coaching Box ####
  field_plot <- add_feature(
    field_plot,
    x_anchor = 0,
    y_anchor = ((field_params$field_width %or% 0) / 2) +
      (field_params$boundary_line_thickness %or% 0) +
      (field_params$restricted_area_width %or% 0),
    feature_df = field_features$coaching_box,
    feature_color = feature_colors$coaching_box,
    feature_outline_color = feature_colors$coaching_box,
    reflect_x = FALSE,
    reflect_y = TRUE,
    x_trans = x_trans,
    y_trans = y_trans,
    rotation = rotation
  )

  #### Team Bench Area ####
  field_plot <- add_feature(
    field_plot,
    x_anchor = 0,
    y_anchor = ((field_params$field_width %or% 0) / 2) +
      (field_params$boundary_line_thickness %or% 0) +
      (field_params$restricted_area_width %or% 0) +
      (field_params$coaching_box_width %or% 0),
    feature_df = field_features$team_bench_area,
    feature_color = feature_colors$team_bench_area,
    feature_outline_color = feature_colors$team_bench_area,
    reflect_x = FALSE,
    reflect_y = TRUE,
    x_trans = x_trans,
    y_trans = y_trans,
    rotation = rotation
  )

  #### Coaching Box Line ####
  field_plot <- add_feature(
    field_plot,
    x_anchor = 0,
    y_anchor =
      ((field_params$field_width %or% 0) / 2.0) +
      (field_params$boundary_line_thickness %or% 0) +
      (field_params$restricted_area_width %or% 0) +
      (field_params$coaching_box_width %or% 0),
    feature_df = field_features$coaching_box_line,
    feature_color = feature_colors$coaching_box_line,
    feature_outline_color = feature_colors$coaching_box_line,
    reflect_x = FALSE,
    reflect_y = TRUE,
    x_trans = x_trans,
    y_trans = y_trans,
    rotation = rotation
  )

  #### Team Bench Area Outline ####
  field_plot <- add_feature(
    field_plot,
    x_anchor = 0,
    y_anchor = ((field_params$field_width %or% 0) / 2) +
      (field_params$boundary_line_thickness %or% 0),
    feature_df = field_features$team_bench_area_outline,
    feature_color = feature_colors$team_bench_area_outline,
    feature_outline_color = feature_colors$team_bench_area_outline,
    reflect_x = FALSE,
    reflect_y = TRUE,
    x_trans = x_trans,
    y_trans = y_trans,
    rotation = rotation
  )

  #### Red Zone Border ####
  field_plot <- add_feature(
    field_plot,
    x_anchor = ((field_params$field_length %or% 0) / 2) - 20,
    y_anchor = ((field_params$field_width %or% 0) / 2) +
      (field_params$boundary_line_thickness %or% 0),
    feature_df = field_features$red_zone_border,
    feature_color = feature_colors$red_zone_border,
    feature_outline_color = feature_colors$red_zone_border,
    reflect_x = TRUE,
    reflect_y = TRUE,
    x_trans = x_trans,
    y_trans = y_trans,
    rotation = rotation
  )

  #### Red Zone Border Outline ####
  field_plot <- add_feature(
    field_plot,
    x_anchor = ((field_params$field_length %or% 0) / 2) - 20,
    y_anchor = ((field_params$field_width %or% 0) / 2) +
      (field_params$boundary_line_thickness %or% 0) +
      (field_params$field_border_thickness %or% 0),
    feature_df = field_features$red_zone_border_outline,
    feature_color = feature_colors$red_zone_border_outline,
    feature_outline_color = feature_colors$red_zone_border_outline,
    reflect_x = TRUE,
    reflect_y = TRUE,
    x_trans = x_trans,
    y_trans = y_trans,
    rotation = rotation
  )

  #### Sideline ####
  field_plot <- add_feature(
    field_plot,
    x_anchor = 0,
    y_anchor = (field_params$field_width %or% 0) / 2,
    feature_df = field_features$sideline,
    feature_color = feature_colors$sideline,
    feature_outline_color = feature_colors$sideline,
    reflect_x = FALSE,
    reflect_y = TRUE,
    x_trans = x_trans,
    y_trans = y_trans,
    rotation = rotation
  )

  #### End Line ####
  field_plot <- add_feature(
    field_plot,
    x_anchor = ((field_params$field_length %or% 0) / 2) +
      (field_params$endzone_length %or% 0),
    y_anchor = 0,
    feature_df = field_features$end_line,
    feature_color = feature_colors$end_line,
    feature_outline_color = feature_colors$end_line,
    reflect_x = TRUE,
    reflect_y = FALSE,
    x_trans = x_trans,
    y_trans = y_trans,
    rotation = rotation
  )

  #### Defensive Endzone ####
  field_plot <- add_feature(
    field_plot,
    x_anchor = -((field_params$field_length %or% 0) / 2) -
      ((field_params$endzone_length %or% 0) / 2),
    y_anchor = 0,
    feature_df = field_features$endzone,
    feature_color = feature_colors$defensive_endzone,
    reflect_x = FALSE,
    reflect_y = FALSE,
    x_trans = x_trans,
    y_trans = y_trans,
    rotation = rotation
  )

  #### Offensive Endzone ####
  field_plot <- add_feature(
    field_plot,
    x_anchor = ((field_params$field_length %or% 0) / 2) +
      ((field_params$endzone_length %or% 0) / 2),
    y_anchor = 0,
    feature_df = field_features$endzone,
    feature_color = feature_colors$offensive_endzone,
    reflect_x = FALSE,
    reflect_y = FALSE,
    x_trans = x_trans,
    y_trans = y_trans,
    rotation = rotation
  )

  #### Major Yard Lines ####
  for (yard_line in major_yard_lines) {
    field_plot <- add_feature(
      field_plot,
      x_anchor = yard_line,
      y_anchor = 0,
      feature_df = field_features[[glue::glue("{yard_line}_yard_line")]],
      feature_color = feature_colors$major_yard_line,
      reflect_x = TRUE,
      reflect_y = FALSE,
      x_trans = x_trans,
      y_trans = y_trans,
      rotation = rotation
    )
  }

  #### Minor Yard Lines (nearest boundary) ####
  for (yard_line in minor_yard_lines) {
    field_plot <- add_feature(
      field_plot,
      x_anchor = ((field_params$field_length %or% 0) / 2) - yard_line,
      y_anchor = ((field_params$field_width %or% 0) / 2.0) -
        (field_params$sideline_to_outer_yard_line %or% 0) -
        (field_params$minor_yard_line_height %or% 0),
      feature_df = field_features[[glue::glue("{yard_line}_yard_line")]],
      feature_color = feature_colors$minor_yard_line,
      reflect_x = TRUE,
      reflect_y = TRUE,
      x_trans = x_trans,
      y_trans = y_trans,
      rotation = rotation
    )
  }

  #### Minor Yard Lines (nearest center of field) ####
  for (yard_line in minor_yard_lines) {
    field_plot <- add_feature(
      field_plot,
      x_anchor = ((field_params$field_length %or% 0) / 2) - yard_line,
      y_anchor = ((field_params$inbound_hashmark_separation %or% 0) / 2),
      feature_df = field_features[[glue::glue("{yard_line}_yard_line")]],
      feature_color = feature_colors$minor_yard_line,
      reflect_x = TRUE,
      reflect_y = TRUE,
      x_trans = x_trans,
      y_trans = y_trans,
      rotation = rotation
    )
  }

  #### Goal Line ####
  field_plot <- add_feature(
    field_plot,
    x_anchor = (field_params$field_length %or% 0) / 2,
    y_anchor = 0,
    feature_df = field_features$goal_line,
    feature_color = feature_colors$goal_line,
    reflect_x = TRUE,
    reflect_y = FALSE,
    x_trans = x_trans,
    y_trans = y_trans,
    rotation = rotation
  )

  #### Try Mark ####
  field_plot <- add_feature(
    field_plot,
    x_anchor = ((field_params$field_length %or% 0) / 2) -
      (field_params$try_mark_distance %or% 0),
    y_anchor = 0,
    feature_df = field_features$try_mark,
    feature_color = feature_colors$try_mark,
    reflect_x = TRUE,
    reflect_y = FALSE,
    x_trans = x_trans,
    y_trans = y_trans,
    rotation = rotation
  )

  #### Marked Yardages ####
  for(i in seq_len(nrow(marked_yardages))) {
    yardage_marker <- field_features[[glue::glue("marked_yardages_{i}")]]
    yardage_marker["x"] <- yardage_marker["x"] + x_trans
    yardage_marker["y"] <- yardage_marker["y"] + y_trans
    yardage_marker_rot <- rotate_coords(
      yardage_marker,
      angle = rotation
    )
    yardage_marker_df <- data.frame(
      x_min = min(yardage_marker_rot["x"]),
      x_max = max(yardage_marker_rot["x"]),
      y_min = min(yardage_marker_rot["y"]),
      y_max = max(yardage_marker_rot["y"]),
      marking = marked_yardages[i, "marking"],
      marker_rotation = marked_yardages[i, "marker_rotation"]
    )
    bb_polygon <- create_rectangle(
      x_min = min(yardage_marker_rot["x"]),
      x_max = max(yardage_marker_rot["x"]),
      y_min = min(yardage_marker_rot["y"]),
      y_max = max(yardage_marker_rot["y"])
    )
    bb_polygon["x"] <- bb_polygon["x"] + x_trans
    bb_polygon["y"] <- bb_polygon["y"] + y_trans
    field_plot <- field_plot +
      ggplot2::geom_polygon(
        data = bb_polygon,
        ggplot2::aes(
          x = .data$x,
          y = .data$y
        ),
        fill = "#ffffff00"
      ) +
      ggfittext::geom_fit_text(
        data = yardage_marker_df,
        ggplot2::aes(
          xmin = .data$x_min,
          xmax = .data$x_max,
          ymin = .data$y_min,
          ymax = .data$y_max
        ),
        label = yardage_marker_df$marking,
        angle = rotation + yardage_marker_df$marker_rotation,
        color = feature_colors$yardage_marker,
        grow = TRUE,
        fullheight = TRUE,
        padding.x = grid::unit(0, "mm"),
        padding.y = grid::unit(0, "mm")
      )
  }

  #### Directional Arrows ####
  for (arrow_line in arrow_lines) {
    field_plot <- add_feature(
      field_plot,
      x_anchor = ((field_params$field_length %or% 0) / 2) -
        arrow_line +
        (field_params$yard_line_to_arrow %or% 0),
      y_anchor = ((field_params$field_width %or% 0) / 2) -
        (field_params$sideline_to_bottom_of_numbers %or% 0) -
        (field_params$number_height %or% 0) +
        (field_params$top_number_to_arrow %or% 0),
      feature_df = field_features$directional_arrow,
      feature_color = feature_colors$directional_arrow,
      reflect_x = TRUE,
      reflect_y = TRUE,
      x_trans = x_trans,
      y_trans = y_trans,
      rotation = rotation
    )
  }

  # Set Display Range-----------------------------------------------------------
  half_field_length <- ((field_params$field_length %or% 0) / 2) +
    (field_params$endzone_length %or% 0) +
    (field_params$boundary_line_thickness %or% 0) +
    (field_params$field_border_thickness %or% 0) +
    (field_params$minor_line_thickness %or% 0) +
    (field_params$extra_apron_padding %or% 5)
  half_field_width <- ((field_params$field_width %or% 0) / 2) +
    (field_params$boundary_line_thickness %or% 0) +
    (field_params$restricted_area_width %or% 0) +
    (field_params$coaching_box_width %or% 0) +
    (field_params$team_bench_width %or% 0) +
    (field_params$field_border_thickness %or% 0) +
    (field_params$team_bench_area_border_thickness %or% 0) +
    (field_params$minor_line_thickness %or% 0) +
    (field_params$extra_apron_padding %or% 5)

  if (is.null(xlims)) {
    xlims <- switch(
      tolower(display_range),

      # Full surface
      "full" = c(-half_field_length, half_field_length),
      "in_bounds_only" = c(
        -(
          ((field_params$field_length %or% 0) / 2) +
            (field_params$endzone_length %or% 0) +
            (field_params$boundary_line_thickness %or% 0)
        ),
        ((field_params$field_length %or% 0) / 2) +
          (field_params$endzone_length %or% 0) +
          (field_params$boundary_line_thickness %or% 0)
      ),
      "in bounds only" = c(
        -(
          ((field_params$field_length %or% 0) / 2) +
            (field_params$endzone_length %or% 0) +
            (field_params$boundary_line_thickness %or% 0)
        ),
        ((field_params$field_length %or% 0) / 2) +
          (field_params$endzone_length %or% 0) +
          (field_params$boundary_line_thickness %or% 0)
      ),

      # Half-field plots
      "offense" = c(0, half_field_length),
      "offence" = c(0, half_field_length),
      "offensivehalffield" = c(0, half_field_length),
      "offensive_half_field" = c(0, half_field_length),
      "offensive half field" = c(0, half_field_length),
      "defense" = c(-half_field_length, 0),
      "defence" = c(-half_field_length, 0),
      "defensivehalffield" = c(-half_field_length, 0),
      "defensive_half_field" = c(-half_field_length, 0),
      "defensive half field" = c(-half_field_length, 0),

      # Offensive Red Zone
      "redzone" = c(
        ((field_params$field_length %or% 0) / 2) -
          20,
        half_field_length
      ),
      "red_zone" = c(
        ((field_params$field_length %or% 0) / 2) -
          20,
        half_field_length
      ),
      "red zone" = c(
        ((field_params$field_length %or% 0) / 2) -
          20,
        half_field_length
      ),
      "oredzone" = c(
        ((field_params$field_length %or% 0) / 2) -
          20,
        half_field_length
      ),
      "offensive_red_zone" = c(
        ((field_params$field_length %or% 0) / 2) -
          20,
        half_field_length
      ),
      "offensive red zone" = c(
        ((field_params$field_length %or% 0) / 2) -
          20,
        half_field_length
      ),

      # Defensive Red Zone
      "dredzone" = c(
        -half_field_length,
        -((field_params$field_length %or% 0) / 2) +
          20
      ),
      "defensive_red_zone" = c(
        -half_field_length,
        -((field_params$field_length %or% 0) / 2) +
          20
      ),
      "defensive red zone" = c(
        -half_field_length,
        -((field_params$field_length %or% 0) / 2) +
          20
      ),

      # Default case
      c(-half_field_length, half_field_length)
    )

    # Adjust the x limits of the plot per the specified x translation
    xlims <- xlims + x_trans
  }

  if (is.null(ylims)) {
    ylims <- switch(
      tolower(display_range),

      # Full surface
      "full" = c(-half_field_width, half_field_width),
      "in_bounds_only" = c(
        -(
          ((field_params$field_width %or% 0) / 2) +
            (field_params$boundary_line_thickness %or% 0)
        ),
        ((field_params$field_width %or% 0) / 2) +
          (field_params$boundary_line_thickness %or% 0)
      ),

      "in bounds only" = c(
        -(
          ((field_params$field_width %or% 0) / 2) +
            (field_params$boundary_line_thickness %or% 0)
        ),
        ((field_params$field_width %or% 0) / 2) +
          (field_params$boundary_line_thickness %or% 0)
      ),

      # Half-field plots
      "offense" = c(-half_field_width, half_field_width),
      "offence" = c(-half_field_width, half_field_width),
      "offensivehalffield" = c(
        -half_field_width,
        half_field_width
      ),
      "offensive_half_field" = c(
        -half_field_width,
        half_field_width
      ),
      "offensive half field" = c(
        -half_field_width,
        half_field_width
      ),
      "defense" = c(-half_field_width, half_field_width),
      "defence" = c(-half_field_width, half_field_width),
      "defensivehalffield" = c(
        -half_field_width,
        half_field_width
      ),
      "defensive_half_field" = c(
        -half_field_width,
        half_field_width
      ),
      "defensive half field" = c(
        -half_field_width,
        half_field_width
      ),

      # Offensive Red Zone
      "redzone" = c(-half_field_width, half_field_width),
      "red_zone" = c(-half_field_width, half_field_width),
      "red zone" = c(-half_field_width, half_field_width),
      "oredzone" = c(-half_field_width, half_field_width),
      "offensive_red_zone" = c(
        -half_field_width,
        half_field_width
      ),
      "offensive red zone" = c(
        -half_field_width,
        half_field_width
      ),

      # Defensive Red Zone
      "dredzone" = c(-half_field_width, half_field_width),
      "defensive_red_zone" = c(
        -half_field_width,
        half_field_width
      ),
      "defensive red zone" = c(
        -half_field_width,
        half_field_width
      ),

      # Default case
      c(-half_field_width, half_field_width)
    )

    # Adjust the y limits of the plot per the specified y translation
    ylims <- ylims + y_trans
  }

  # Rotate the limits of the plot. First, create the bounding box, then rotate
  # the vertices of the bounding box accordingly
  if (rotation != 0) {
    plot_lims <- rotate_coords(
      create_rectangle(
        x_min = min(xlims),
        x_max = max(xlims),
        y_min = min(ylims),
        y_max = max(ylims)
      ),
      angle = rotation
    )

    xlims <- c(min(plot_lims$x), max(plot_lims$x))
    ylims <- c(min(plot_lims$y), max(plot_lims$y))
  }

  ## Force the aspect ratio to be 1/1, and the x and y limits to be set
  field_plot <- field_plot +
    ggplot2::coord_fixed(
      xlim = xlims,
      ylim = ylims,
      expand = FALSE
    )

  # Return the ggplot2 instance
  return(field_plot)
}